RU2653490C1 - Former of fire extinguishing powder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: saving means; fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be used to form powder jets in fire extinguishing means to combat ignition of combustible materials, liquids, electrical equipment in domestic and industrial premises. Fire extinguishing powder generator comprising an inlet fitting at the end fastened with a nozzle made in the form of a channel bundle with a cross section of each channel of a rectangular shape is characterized in that the nozzle consists of at least two channels installed coaxially with each other one inside the other and on one axis with a nozzle, each channel has the form of a regular truncated pyramid, each side face of each pyramid is provided with working edges, bent outwards of the pyramid with the formation of the edges of the corresponding pyramids, while the working edges of the inner pyramid are located between the edges of the next larger pyramid beyond it and rigidly fixed together to form nozzles in the form of a trapezium between the respective side faces of the pyramids, and the inlet pipe and nozzle are fastened together to form a gap by means of working edges, the plane angle (α) of a larger pyramid is from 30° up to 90°, flat angle (β) of a smaller internal pyramid is from 15° up to 45°, and the gap height does not exceed the diameter of the inlet pipe.

EFFECT: technical result achieved with the use of all the design features of the proposed fire extinguishing powder former is: a reduction in the delivery time of the extinguishing powder; the possibility of controlling the amount of quenching area and the range of delivery of the extinguishing powder.

4 cl, 3 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to fire fighting equipment and can be used to form powder jets in fire extinguishing means for combating fires of combustible materials, liquids, electrical equipment in domestic and industrial premises.

Known utility model "Nozzles for the supply of extinguishing powder", patent No. 110649 (IPC A62C 31/02, publ. 11/27/2011). The device includes a nozzle with a nozzle part and an attachment element to the functional unit supplying the extinguishing powder. An adsorption atomizer mounted on the nozzle is mounted on the nozzle and mounted on the nozzle part, and holes are made on the sides of the nozzle and on the walls of the adsorption nozzle to align the latter when the adsorption atomizer is rotated, and grooves are made on the nozzle to accommodate o-rings. The device operates in the "extinguishing" mode or in the "backfill" mode

The disadvantage of this nozzle is that when you select the "quenching" mode, the formed jet of extinguishing powder provides extinguishing only in a small area of the protected object. The versatility of the design leads to loss of fire fighting efficiency.

The invention is known "Method of extinguishing a fire and a multi-jet former of a stream of extinguishing powder for its implementation (options)", patent No. 2259855 (IPC А62С 31/02, publ. 09/10/2005). A multi-jet flow former (according to claim 2) contains an inlet pipe with a nozzle at its end, the nozzle made in the form of a bunch of pipes (channels) whose axes are located in the same plane with the axis of the inlet pipe and at the same angle to each other, and their axes intersect at one point on the axis of the inlet pipe. The channels may have a rectangular cross-sectional shape.

The disadvantages that impede the use of this invention include the presence of an unjustifiably large resistance at the entrance to the nozzle (due to the design features of the channels) and the resistance that occurs along the channels, and, as a result, an increase in the time of powder supply. The design provides a powder feed range, but increasing the powder feed time reduces the quenching efficiency while reducing the quenching area.

The closest technical solution to the claimed is the device according to patent No. 22589855, which is selected as a prototype.

The problem to be solved when using the proposed device is to increase the extinguishing efficiency while reducing the supply time of the extinguishing powder. The technical result achieved by using all the design features of the proposed shaper flow extinguishing powder is:

- reducing the time of supply of extinguishing powder;

- the ability to control the magnitude of the quenching area and the range of delivery of the extinguishing powder.

By varying the flat angles of the faces of the nozzle in the form of truncated pyramids, it is possible to provide the necessary size of the extinguishing area and the range of supply of the extinguishing powder.

By changing the height of the gap between the nozzle and the inlet nozzle, we provide the minimum supply time of the extinguishing agent, and the choice of nozzle height in the form of truncated pyramids has an additional effect on reducing the supply time.

Achieving the specified technical result is ensured by using the entire set of essential features of the proposed shaper.

The achievement of the specified technical result is ensured by the fact that the flow former of the extinguishing powder containing the inlet pipe, at the end fastened with a nozzle made in the form of a bundle of channels with a cross section of each channel of a rectangular shape, differs in that the nozzle consists of at least two channels installed coaxially with each other inside the other and on the same axis with the nozzle, each channel has the shape of a regular truncated pyramid, each side face of each pyramid is equipped with working edges and, pyramids bent outward with the formation of edges of the corresponding pyramids, while the working edges of the inner pyramid are placed between the edges of the next largest pyramid next to it and are rigidly bonded to each other with the formation of nozzle channels in the form of a trapezoid between the corresponding side faces of the pyramids, and the inlet pipe and nozzle fastened together to form a gap by means of working edges, with a flat angle (α) of a larger pyramid ranging from 30 ° to 90 °, a flat angle (β) of a smaller inner minutes pyramids is from 15 ° to 45 °, and the clearance height is not larger than the inlet diameter.

Preferably, the height of the nozzle ranged from 1 to 4 diameters of the inlet pipe.

Technologically, the working edges of both truncated pyramids can be interconnected demountably, for example by bolting, or interconnected indivisibly, for example by welding.

The invention is illustrated by the following drawings: in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device, FIG. 2 is a sectional side view, FIG. 3 is a bottom view.

The flow former is a device including an inlet pipe - 1, fastened with a nozzle - 2, made in the form of a bundle of channels - 3, with a cross section of each channel of a rectangular shape. The drawing shows two channels. Channels (3 and 4) are installed coaxially between each other, one in the other, and on the same axis as the pipe (1). The shape of the channels (3 and 4) is a regular truncated pyramid, the side face of each pyramid is equipped with working edges - 5, which are bent outward of each pyramid with the formation of the corresponding edges of the pyramids. The edges (5) of the inner pyramid (channel - 3) are located between the edges of the larger pyramid (channel - 4) and are rigidly fastened together. In this case, four nozzle channels — 6 in the form of a trapezoid — are formed between the faces of the pyramids (channels 3 and 4) due to the edges (5), and the inlet pipe (1) and the nozzle (2) are fastened together with a gap of 7 by means of working edges (5) ) The clearance height does not exceed the diameter of the inlet pipe. The flat angle (α) of the larger pyramid is from 30 ° to 90 °, the flat angle (β) of the smaller (inner) pyramid is from 15 ° to 45 °

The edges (5) of the channels in the form of truncated pyramids (3 and 4) can be permanently connected - welded together, and can be made detachable - rigidly interconnected by bolt fastening through holes made - 8 in the working edges (5).

The assembly of the device begins with the formation of the nozzle - channels in the form of truncated pyramids with the values of flat angles (within the framework of the claims), providing optimal indicators for the extinguishing area and the feeding distance, which correspond to the overall dimensions of the protection zone. The size of the gap when connecting the nozzle to the nozzle, selected in the range of the claims, will provide a minimum supply time of the extinguishing powder. The height of the nozzle in the form of truncated pyramids, corresponding to the range indicated in the formula, further affects the reduction of the feed time.

Shaper flow extinguishing powder works as follows.

After creating the necessary pressure in the storage container of the extinguishing powder, the extinguishing powder is transported through a pipeline (not shown in the drawing) to the side of the former of the flow of extinguishing powder. After exiting the inlet pipe 1, the fire extinguishing powder falls into the nozzle 2, made in the form of a beam of channels. The bundle of channels is a combination of channels of different shapes: channels 3 and 4, of the same height in the form of regular truncated pyramids - inner 3 and outer 4, separated by working edges 5. Working edges 5 divide the cavity of the outer pyramid 4, forming additional nozzle channels 6 in the form of a trapezoid . The nozzle 2 is bonded to the inlet pipe 1 by the working edges 5 with the formation of a gap 7, which is also intended for the passage of powder. Thus, the extinguishing powder after the nozzle 1 enters the nozzle 2, where it freely passes through all channels (3, 4, 6) and the gap 7, due to which the extinguishing powder is formed into a distributed stream. The structural features of the formed channels of the flow former when used make it possible to minimize the resistance to movement of the powder.

The extinguishing powder exits the nozzle 2, providing a certain range of values according to the range of the powder supply and its fire extinguishing ability by area, but with a minimum time for the release of powder from the nozzle.

The angles α and β vary in the interval: α from 30 ° to 90 °, a β from 15 ° to 45 ° (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), the height of the gap is not more than the diameter of the nozzle, and the height of the nozzle can be from 1 to 4 diameters of the inlet pipe.

The combination of the presented ranges allows you to adjust both the supply range of the extinguishing powder, and this area with a minimum supply time. Moreover, changes in the flat angles of the faces of the pyramids affect the feed range and the quenching area, and changes in the height of the gap affect the feed time, which is further facilitated by the choice of nozzle height.

As a confirmation, fire tests were carried out to extinguish foci of class "2B", the proposed device, in comparison with the prototype based on the powder fire extinguishing module "Garant-12" according to the requirements of GOST R 53286-2009. The parameters presented below correspond to the proposed device on a bolted connection of the faces of the pyramids. The test results of the flow former in the welded version practically repeat the results presented in the table.

The diameter of the inlet pipe was constant for all tests presented in the table, and was equal to 50 mm The quantity of fire extinguishing powder of the Vekson AVS-50 brand was also the same - 10 kg (for each experiment). The table for each test presents the average result for 3 experiments.

The test results are presented in the table.

The table shows the test results in the entire range of variable parameters with extinguishing. For the base, comparative worst-case point, the results were taken during testing of the prototype and we accepted that the worst values obtained: feed time, protection area or feed distance or the same as that of the prototype, are degraded indicators that do not ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Analysis of the test results shows that the optimal values, the range of supply of the extinguishing powder, the extinguishing area and the time of supply correspond to the declared parameters (experiments No. 1-3). When deviating from the declared ranges, either up or down, a change in the feeding time, or the quenching area, or the feeding distance for the worse is observed (experiments No. 4-15). Tests of the present invention (experiments No. 1-3) confirmed the possibility of obtaining a guaranteed technical result in terms of the area and range of supply of the extinguishing powder while ensuring a minimum time for its supply.

Using the entire set of essential features allows us to solve the problem and leads to better extinguishing efficiency while reducing the time of powder supply than the prototype.

The applicant does not know devices containing similar design features and the achieved technical result.

Where: D - diameter of the inlet pipe;

S is the quenching area;

T is the time of supply of the extinguishing powder.

Claims (4)

1. Shaper flow of extinguishing powder containing an inlet pipe at the end fastened with a nozzle made in the form of a bundle of channels with a cross section of each rectangular channel, characterized in that the nozzle consists of at least two channels installed coaxially between each other inside one another and on the same axis as the nozzle, each channel has the shape of a regular truncated pyramid, each side face of each pyramid is equipped with working edges bent outward of the pyramid with the formation of edges corresponding pyramids, while the working edges of the inner pyramid are placed between the edges of the next largest pyramid next to it and are rigidly bonded to each other with the formation of nozzle channels in the form of a trapezoid between the corresponding side faces of the pyramids, and the inlet pipe and nozzle are bonded to each other with the formation of a gap by the working edges while the flat angle (α) of the larger pyramid is from 30 ° to 90 °, the flat angle (β) of the smaller pyramid is from 15 ° to 45 °, and the height of the gap does not exceed the size p inlet diameter. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the height of the nozzle is from 1 to 4 diameters of the inlet pipe. 3. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the working edges of both truncated pyramids are interconnected detachably, for example by bolting. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the working edges of both truncated pyramids are interconnected inseparably, for example, with a weld.

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