RU2290237C1 - Fire-extinguishing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting, particularly equipment for fire prevention or containment.

SUBSTANCE: method involves creating saturated water steam in vessel, delivering the water steam to fire site and providing cooperation of water steam with carbon of burning substance. Water steam is obtained by cyclic supply of hydrogen peroxide with stabilizer and sodium permanganate in vessel by compressed nitrogen, wherein ratio between hydrogen peroxide with stabilizer and sodium permanganate is from 10:1 to 3:1. Liquid or gaseous fire-extinguishant is ejected into obtained water steam. Fire-extinguishing device comprises vessel, triggering means, containers for fire-extinguishant, for compressed nitrogen, for hydrogen peroxide with stabilizer and for sodium permanganate. The vessel has outlet nozzle and jets adapted to feed hydrogen peroxide with stabilizer and sodium permanganate. The jets are connected with corresponding containers by means of delivery hoses and to compressed nitrogen container through triggering means. Outlet nozzle is formed as Laval nozzle and provided with fire-extinguishant supply pipe arranged at outlet part thereof.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of fire extinguishant spraying, possibility of repeated device usage and reduced fire extinguishant consumption.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention can be used in fire fighting equipment to suppress a fire. It allows to increase the efficiency of spraying a fire extinguishing agent and to reduce the time to extinguish a fire.

A known method of spraying a fire extinguishing agent and a device for its implementation (RF patent No. 2173196, A 62 C 31/05, publ. 2001.09.10). According to the method, the spraying is carried out by impacting under pressure a pair of jets of a liquid extinguishing agent with the location of the jets in each pair at an angle of 60 ° ± 5 ° and the external stream of each pair parallel to the axis of supply of the extinguishing agent and create different focus spray patterns that overlap at the optimum concentration level extinguishing agent. Each spray torch of extinguishing agent is formed from a set of jets of a finely dispersed aqueous solution in the form of a volumetric geometric figure, for example, a cone passing into a cylinder. The jets, falling on the combustion surface, break it into separate combustion zones isolated from each other. The focal length of each spray torch and its shape are created by rotating the pairs of jets that form it relative to the point of their meeting at an angle from zero to + 20 °. The device comprises a fire extinguisher with a shut-off and start valve connected to manifolds with spray guns. Sprayers contain nozzles made in the form of two mating surfaces with upper and lower nozzles located at an angle of 60 ° ± 5 °, a fitting and a tightening nut. Sprayers are made with multi-focus spray torches and are arranged in a matrix order with variable pitch. The disadvantage of this invention is the design complexity and low fire extinguishing efficiency.

A known method and device for extinguishing fires, adopted as a prototype (RF patent No. 2089249, A 62 C 2/00, publ. 1997.09.10). The essence of the invention lies in the fact that saturated water vapor is formed as a result of the interaction of water with hot gases of an explosive device in a closed container (vessel), as a result of the destruction of which the resulting saturated water vapor intensively interacts with the carbon of the hot substance. The disadvantage of this invention is the range of action and low fire extinguishing efficiency.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of fire fighting, as well as the possibility of reusable use of the device.

The technical result in terms of the method is achieved by the fact that in the method of extinguishing fires, including the formation of saturated water vapor in a vessel, supplying and interacting it with carbon of a burning substance, according to the invention, saturated water vapor is obtained by cyclic supply of hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and permanganate by compressed nitrogen into a vessel sodium in a ratio of 10: 1 to 3: 1, moreover, a liquid or gaseous extinguishing agent is additionally introduced into the resulting saturated water vapor due to the ejection effect.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that starch is used as a stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide.

The technical result is also achieved by the fact that as a stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide use laundry soap.

The technical result in terms of the device is achieved by the fact that in the device for extinguishing fires containing a vessel, the initiator of the start of work, according to the invention, it is equipped with containers for a fire extinguishing agent, compressed nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate, and the vessel is equipped with an outlet nozzle, nozzles for introducing hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate, connected inlet hoses with the corresponding containers and through the initiator of the start of work with a container with compressed nitrogen, and the output nozzle ying a Laval nozzle with attached to its outlet portion for supplying pipe Extinguishing agent.

The application of the invention in comparison with the prototype can improve the efficiency of fire fighting, as well as reuse the device.

Method and device for extinguishing fires is illustrated in the drawing, where:

1 - vessel;

2 - the output nozzle of the vessel 1 in the form of a Laval nozzle;

3 - nozzle for introducing hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer;

4 - nozzle for introducing sodium permanganate;

5 - inlet hoses;

6 - capacity with sodium permanganate;

7 - a container with hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer;

8 - initiator of the start of work;

9 - container with compressed nitrogen;

10 - a container with an extinguishing agent, liquid or gaseous (for example, a solution of carbon dioxide);

11 - pipe for supply due to the ejection effect of the extinguishing agent.

The method of extinguishing fires is as follows. Hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate in a ratio of 10: 1 to 3: 1 are cyclically fed into vessel 1. Due to the ejection effect, liquid or gaseous extinguishing agent is additionally introduced into the saturated water vapor obtained. Due to their mixing, saturated water vapor is supplied, supplied with the extinguishing agent to the ignition site and interacting with the carbon of the burning substance.

A device for extinguishing fires includes a vessel 1 with an output nozzle 2 in the form of a Laval nozzle. In the vessel 1, a nozzle 3 is fixed for supplying hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and a nozzle 4 for introducing sodium permanganate. The nozzles 3 and 4 are connected by supply hoses 5, respectively, with a capacity of 6 with sodium permanganate and a capacity of 7 with hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer. Tanks 6 and 7 through the initiator 8 of the beginning of work are connected with the tank 9 with compressed nitrogen. A nozzle 11 is fixed to the output nozzle 2 for supply due to the ejection effect of the extinguishing agent from the tank 10 with the extinguishing agent.

A device for extinguishing fires is as follows. Compressed nitrogen is pumped in portions 6 and 7 from the container 9 through the initiator 8 of the start of operation. Compressed nitrogen is used to force the vessel 1 through nozzles 3 and 4, respectively, of hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate. Compressed nitrogen is used due to its inertness with respect to hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate. Hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate, displaced from the respective containers 7 or 6, enter the vessel 1 through the nozzles 5 through nozzles 3 and 4, and they interact in the vessel 1, resulting in a large amount of saturated water vapor that does not support combustion ejected from the vessel 1 through the outlet nozzle 2 in the form of a Laval nozzle. Saturated water vapor (vapor-gas mixture), having a high temperature, creates a cloud of steam, which causes intense fire fighting. The nozzle 2 is made in the form of a Laval nozzle to ensure the largest emission range of saturated water vapor and increase the fire extinguishing zone. Due to the fact that a nozzle 11 is fixed to the outlet nozzle 2 for supplying due to the effect of ejection of the extinguishing agent from the container 10 with the extinguishing agent, an extinguishing agent is introduced into saturated water vapor, which increases the efficiency of the method and device. As a stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide, you can use starch or laundry soap to ensure the absence of reaction when applying hydrogen peroxide through the supply hoses 5 and to increase the safety of the device.

The amount of interacting hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate can be taken in a ratio of 10: 1 to 3: 1. The supply of hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate into the vessel is regulated by the initiator 8 of the beginning of work. The lower limit of the ratio (in temperature) of hydrogen peroxide to sodium permanganate (10: 1) is adopted from the condition of the minimum effective temperature of saturated water vapor for effective fire fighting, and the upper limit (3: 1) is taken from the condition of temperature resistance of the material of the housing 1 and its nozzle 2 in the form of a Laval nozzle. The data on the temperatures of saturated water vapor are given in the table.

Hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer, wt.% eleven 10 6 four 3 2 Sodium permanganate, wt.% one one one one one one The temperature of saturated water vapor (vapor-gas mixture), ° C 220 250 450 780 990 1090

The application of the method and device for extinguishing fires provides the following advantages:

- increasing the efficiency of fire fighting;

- the possibility of reusable use of the device;

- reduction of extinguishing agent consumption.

Claims (4)

1. A method of extinguishing fires, including the formation of saturated water vapor in a vessel, its supply and interaction with carbon of a burning substance, characterized in that saturated water vapor is obtained by cyclic feeding of hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate with compressed nitrogen in a ratio of 10: 1 to 3: 1, moreover, a liquid or gaseous extinguishing agent is additionally introduced into the resulting saturated water vapor due to the ejection effect. 2. The method of extinguishing fires according to claim 1, characterized in that starch is used as a stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide. 3. The method of extinguishing fires according to claim 1, characterized in that laundry soap is used as a stabilizer of hydrogen peroxide. 4. A device for extinguishing fires, containing a vessel, the initiator of the start of work, characterized in that it is equipped with containers for extinguishing agent, compressed nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate, and the vessel is equipped with an outlet nozzle, nozzles for introducing hydrogen peroxide with a stabilizer and sodium permanganate, connected by supply hoses to the corresponding containers and through the initiator to start work with a container with compressed nitrogen, and the output nozzle is made in the form of a Laval nozzle with fixed on its output part a pipe for supplying a fire extinguishing agent.