RU2653202C1 - Method of wooden i-beam restoring and restored wooden i-beam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: proposed group of inventions relates to construction, namely, to a wooden I-beam, which can be used as a supporting beam of formwork for concreting monolithic ceilings, walls, columns or as the main permanent bearing element in a building, structure, or other construction design. Method for reconstructing a wooden I-beam includes dividing the unfit for later use of wooden I-beams into three parts, comprising respectively shelves and a wall, joining together the obtained lengths of the respective walls and shelves to a predetermined length, forming new grooves in the received shelves over the old finger joint of the new grooves for connection to the wall, formation of spines in the walls to connect to the shelves, the connection of the shelves to the wall to form a wooden I-beam.

EFFECT: decrease in consumption of forest resources for I-beams manufacture, while maintaining their operational properties.

9 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The proposed group of inventions relates to the field of construction, namely, to a wooden I-beam, which can be used as a support beam of formwork for concrete cast-in-place ceilings, walls, columns or as the main permanent supporting element in a building, structure, or other building structure.

Many designs of I-beam wooden beams are known.

Known wooden I-beam, containing two shelves and connecting the wall, while the shelves are made with at least one longitudinal groove for gluing with a wall having a spike mating with the specified groove, the wall having two outer plates and at least , one metal core extending at least in part along its length and entering the wall spike [utility model patent RU 82242, IPC E04C 3/12, publ. 04/20/1999].

Known beam formwork I-section, containing shelves and a rack, and the shelves are made of timber and provided with longitudinal grooves of rectangular section to accommodate the rack, made of sheet connected to the shelves in the "thorn" [utility model patent RU 19072, IPC E04G 11/50 publ. 02.02.2001].

Known wooden I-beam glued beam containing two shelves and a wall connecting them, in which, in order to improve the physicomechanical and cost characteristics, the beam shelves are made in the form of a set of boards from spruce wood processing waste that does not contain knot formations, the wall is made of a set of parallel two standard sheets of birch plywood, along the shelves, along their entire length, two parallel grooves are cut into which spikes parallel to each other are inserted, which are the end of the assembly of plywood sheets constituting the wall, while assembling the boards into the shelves, gluing the plywood sheets into the wall and filling the grooves is carried out with formaldehyde resin adhesive, and all exposed surfaces of the beam are protected from external influences by a phenolic film coating [patent application RU 2005141814, IPC E04C 3/12 publ. 07/10/2007].

Also known are methods of manufacturing an I-beam wooden beam.

For example, there is a known method of manufacturing a double-T-section glued-plywood beam, including gluing the wall of the beam with belts, while before gluing the belts with the wall, a blank for each belt glued to the planks of the boards or made of a solid bar is sawn along its diagonal rectangular cross section [patent for the invention RU 2052043, IPC E04C 3/12, publ. 01/10/1996].

There is another method for manufacturing an additional gear connection of wooden parts by means of a cutting tool with rotation around its axis, such as, for example, the cursor, while changing the height of the finger is also carried out by the direction of the cutting tool in the direction of the cut, as well as against this direction, i.e. perpendicularly in the direction of its axis [patent for invention RU 2387535, IPC B27F 1/16, Е04С 3/12, publ. 04/27/2010].

It is worth noting that a huge amount of coniferous and birch wood is harvested for the manufacture of new beams. However, methods for recovering used or damaged beams during operation are not known. At the same time, a huge amount of I-beams, unsuitable for further use, is being accumulated at construction sites, which they are forced to dispose of: saw, burn, and dump in landfills. There is environmental pollution. Thus, the processing of beam substandard solves both economic and environmental problems.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to reduce the consumption of forest resources for the manufacture of I-beam wooden beams while maintaining their operational properties.

The claimed technical result in terms of the method is achieved due to the fact that the method of restoring an I-beam wooden beam includes dividing the I-beam wooden beams unsuitable for further use, including, respectively, shelves and a wall, interconnecting the obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a given length education in the resulting shelves on top of the old stud joint new grooves for connection with the wall, the formation in the walls of the studs for connection with the shelves, connect ix shelves with the wall to form an I wooden beams.

There are options in which:

- to connect to the shelves use the wall obtained at the stage of separation of I-beams, unsuitable for further use, of wooden beams;

- to connect to the shelves use a new wall;

- before separating the I-beams that are unsuitable for further use, they are checked for metal inclusions in them;

- before dividing the I-beams of wooden beams unsuitable for further use, they clear them of concrete residues;

- before connecting to each other the obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a given length, defects, cracks or places with the presence of foreign inclusions are cut off from them;

- the connection between the obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a given length is carried out by means of their splicing;

- before the formation in the resulting shelves on top of the old stud joint of new grooves for connecting to the wall, the surface of the shelves is processed, for example, by planing.

The claimed technical result in part of the device is achieved due to the fact that the reconstructed I-beam wooden beam obtained in this way contains two shelves and a wall connecting them, while new grooves are formed in the shelves over the already used stud joint, into which the wall is inserted using previously formed spikes in it and fixed in them using adhesive bonding.

Thus, the claimed group of inventions can significantly reduce the consumption of forest resources for the manufacture of I-beam wooden beams while maintaining their operational properties.

The Figure shows a restored I-beam wooden beam.

To restore an I-beam wooden beam (Fig.), I-beam wooden beams, or fragments of any length (preferably from 0.5 m) and any manufacturers, unsuitable for further use, are assembled. The height of the beam profile is usually 160 and 200 mm, but it is possible to use beams of any height.

If necessary, a special device checks the presence of metal inclusions, for example nails, screws, staples, etc. And also, if necessary, clean them of the remains of concrete and concrete milk using a mechanical tool, such as a brush, etc.

Next, on a formatted machine or other saws, I-beams, unsuitable for further use, are divided into three parts, the first of which includes wall 1, and the other two parts include shelves 2.

If necessary, they are trimmed from the resulting scraps of shelves and walls of defects, cracks or places with the presence of extraneous inclusions.

Then, the obtained segments of the corresponding walls 1 and the shelves 2 are connected to each other to a predetermined length (usually 2.5 m, but not limited to this value), for example, by means of splicing on the splice line. A variant is possible in which the layers of material are glued in a checkerboard pattern in the press (to exclude direct and through joints) to achieve maximum strength and reliability along the entire length.

If necessary, surface treatment of the shelves 2 is carried out, for example, by means of their planing. When planing, it is possible to underestimate the previous sizes of shelves 2 to acceptable values without losing their quality and bearing capacity.

In the obtained shelves 2, over the old stud connection 3 (the remains of the glued wall studs) remaining from the previous beam from which the shelf 2 was obtained, form new grooves 4 for connection with the wall 1.

In the walls 1 form spikes 5 for connection with the shelves 2 and connect the shelves 2 with the wall 1 with the formation of an I-beam wooden beam. In this case, depending on the required beam height, for connection with the shelves 2, they can use the wall 1 obtained at the stage of separation of I-beams, unsuitable for further use, or a new wall. For example, if it is necessary to obtain a beam with a height of 200 mm, a new wall is used, and to obtain a beam with a height of 160 mm, they can use a wall separated from an unsuitable beam for further use with a height of 200 mm.

If necessary, add new unused wood material to the shelves 2 and wall 1. Moreover, if the design of the old wall 1 is weak or unreliable, then to reinforce it, they are glued with the outer layers 6 of thin plywood or veneer.

At the final stage, the beam is covered with paint to give it a presentation.

Using the described method, it is possible to obtain a restored I-beam wooden beam (Fig.), Which contains two shelves 2 and a wall 1 connecting them, while in the shelves 2 over the already used stud connection 3 new grooves 4 are formed, into which the wall 1 is inserted using a preliminary the spikes 5 formed in it and fixed in them using an adhesive joint (not shown). Moreover, the number of spikes 5 and their corresponding grooves 4 can be selected any, including, regardless of how many they were in the spike connection 3 of the previously used beams. Wall 1 can be made of plywood, LVL, a combined array of plywood, plates of GDP, LVL or wood (without loss of stiffness and strength along the entire length). Shelves 2 can be made of wood, LVL, etc.

Thus, it is possible to significantly reduce the cost of wood for the manufacture of I-beam wooden beams due to the restoration of unusable I-beam wooden beams.

Claims (9)

1. A method of restoring an I-beam wooden beam includes dividing the I-beam wooden beams unsuitable for further use, which include, respectively, shelves and a wall, joining together the obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a predetermined length, the formation of new grooves for connection with the wall, the formation in the walls of the spikes for connection with the shelves, the connection of shelves with the wall with the formation of an I-beam wooden beam. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that for connecting to the shelves use the wall obtained at the stage of separation of I-beams unsuitable for further use. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that a new wall is used to connect to the shelves. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before the separation of the I-beams that are unsuitable for further use, they are checked for metal inclusions in them. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before the separation of unsuitable for further use, I-beam wooden beams clean them of concrete residues. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before connecting the obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a predetermined length, the defects, cracks or places with the presence of foreign inclusions are cut off from them. 7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the connection between each other obtained segments of the corresponding walls and shelves to a given length is carried out using their splicing. 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before the formation of the new grooves for connecting to the wall in the resulting shelves over the old stud connection, the surface of the shelves is processed, for example, by planing. 9. The restored I-beam wooden beam obtained by the method according to claim 1, contains two shelves and a wall connecting them, while new grooves are formed in the shelves over the already used stud joint, into which the wall is inserted using the spikes previously formed in it and fixed in them using adhesive bonding.

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