RU2652778C1 - Executive body of the device for tunneling works - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mining industry and can be used for mechanized excavations and cleaning excavation in mines and ore mines in small abrasive rock massifs. Executive body of the aggregate for tunneling works includes a body, a cutting element and a hydrotrap. Cutting element is made in the form of a flat cutting bar mounted on a movable carriage which is provided with a feeder and spacer cylinders for cutting slots in a mountain massif. Inside the body of the executive body cylindrical hydrotrapers are installed in an amount not less than five, made with the possibility of two-sided action on the lateral surfaces of the slots in the mountain massif.

EFFECT: increased device capacity with a decrease in specific energy consumption of the destruction process of a massif and a decrease in the amount of pulverized fractions in breaking products, as well as increased functionality of the device.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used for mechanized tunneling and mining in mines and mines in arrays of low abrasive rocks with a strength of up to f = 6 on the MM scale Protodyakonova.

A device for developing soils is known, including chain bars mounted on rails with sprockets and a mill. Four guide columns of the frame are used to raise and lower the cutting organs - chain bars. For horizontal cutting, a horizontal milling cutter consisting of a shaft of multifaceted section, with cutters fixed on each face, is mounted in the lower part of the processed array between the driven sprockets of the vertical bars. When the machine moves in the ground, two vertically parallel slots and one horizontal slot are cut through. To cut a gap at the rear wall of the block being cut, the translational movement of the working body of the machine stops, the bars are lifted along the vertical guide columns and, when the cutting chains of the bars of the bars are idle, the cutter performs vertical cut [a.s. No. 205761, publ. 12/02/1967].

The disadvantages of the known device include the fact that in contact with the treated surface at the same time there are a large number of cutters, which entails the need to create significant pressure forces. The separation of rock from the massif is carried out exclusively by cutting, which leads to significant specific energy consumption and low productivity of the process of destruction of the massif.

A device is known for destroying rocks by cutting cracks parallel to the face with the subsequent separation of the formed over-slot pillars. The device is an executive body of a mining combine, which consists of an arrow with a body and a drive shaft, at the end of which a milling disk is fixed.

In the groove of the disk there is a plate of a tear-off with a spring-loaded hub having ribs and connected by a screw connection to the drive shaft. A ring is placed between the spring and the hub of the tear, which, when the notched pillars are torn off, moves into the groove. After the pillar is torn off, the spring presses the hub, and the tear plate moves to its original position [a.s. No. 1411461, publ. July 23, 1988].

The disadvantages of the known device include the fact that at the time of separation of the cut rear pillar, the tear plate does not contact the array with its entire area, as a result of which a bending moment acts on the boom of the actuator, worsening the efficiency of the device.

The separation of the volume of rock from the massif is carried out when the stopper of the hub of the tear is cut off as a whole. Turning a smooth hub violates the algorithm of the tear drive, which will reduce the efficiency of separation of the rock from the array by separation. This design significantly limits the volume of rock mass separated from the massif by a separation, which leads to a decrease in productivity and an increase in the specific energy consumption of the process of rock mass destruction, since a significant part of the massif is destroyed by cutting.

Closest to the proposed device is an executive body of a roadheader, including an arrow, a cutting disc and a hydraulic breaker, the working cylinder of which is connected to the housing of the boom through a shock-absorbing element in order to reduce the load on the cutting disk. An electric motor, rigidly mounted on the boom housing, transmits torque to the cutting disc through the clutch and shaft mounted in the boom housing. When cutting a gap in an array, together with a cutting disk, a plate of a hydraulic breaker connected to a piston of a hydraulic cylinder penetrates into the slot. In this case, a static-pulsed load directed towards the free space is applied to the tear pillar. Impulses of loading are provided by automatic inclusion of a pulsator [and.with. No. 352011, publ. 09/21/1972].

However, when the executive body of a known design is operating at the moment of cutting off the cut pillar, the plate of the hydraulic breaker does not contact the latter over the entire area, as a result of which bending moments act on the boom of the executive body and on the plate of the breaker, thereby significantly limiting the volume of rock mass separated from the rock mass by separation . Since a significant part of the array is destroyed by cutting, the work of the executive body of the roadheader is low-productivity and is accompanied by significant specific energy consumption.

In addition, the use of the known design leads to the formation of a significant number of small dusty classes in the products of breaking as a result of the destruction of the face mainly by cutting.

A disadvantage of the known design is also the limited ability to pass the mine workings of a complex configuration, due to the kinematics of the boom of the executive body and the need to carry out cutting strictly along the face.

The technical task is to create the executive body of the tunneling and treatment unit, which allows to increase the productivity of the specified unit and to provide small specific energy consumption of the destruction of the rock mass.

The technical result consists in increasing the performance of the unit for tunneling and cleaning operations with a decrease in the specific energy consumption of the process of destruction of the array and a decrease in the number of dusty fractions in the products of breaking, as well as increasing the functionality of the specified unit.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the executive body of the unit for tunneling, including a housing, a cutting element and a hydraulic breaker, according to paragraph 1. of the invention, the cutting element is made in the form of a flat cutting bar mounted on a movable carriage, which equipped with a feeder and expansion cylinders for cutting slots in the rock mass, and inside the body of the executive body in an amount of at least five installed cylindrical hydraulic breakers made with the possibility of two-way Procedure slits on side surfaces in the rock mass.

In order to increase the functionality of this unit, the carriage is mounted on a universal power manipulator, which allows you to go through mine workings with sections of various areas and configurations.

The implementation of the cutting element in the form of a flat cutting bar mounted on a movable carriage, allows the destruction of the rock mass by cutting into it the end of the cutting bar to its entire useful length.

The use of a carriage with a feeder and expansion cylinders for cutting slots in the array allows you to provide the necessary pressure on the face when cutting the end of the bar into the rock mass.

The installation in the body of the executive body of cylindrical hydraulic breakers, made with the possibility of two-sided impact on the side surfaces of the slots in the array, in an amount of at least five, allows after deepening the bar into the array to affect both side surfaces of each of the slots cut by the bar.

The surface from the side of the massif is the reference (base) for cylindrical hydraulic breakers, the surface of the cut pillar is destroyed, thereby separating significant volumes of rock from the massif by separation. Therefore, most of the massif is destroyed in the least energy-intensive way, providing high performance, and the separation of the trimmed pillar is carried out with minimal specific energy consumption.

The absence of excessive crushing of the rock when separating it from the array can significantly reduce the number of small dust-like classes in the products of breaking.

In addition, the use of a universal power manipulator ensures the movement of the actuator with the carriage along the face plane, reliable fixation of the carriage in a stationary state when the end part of the bar is deepened into the array, which allows mining of various cross sections in area, section and configuration.

The proposed device is illustrated as follows.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the executive body of the unit for tunneling works.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through cylindrical hydraulic breakers.

In FIG. 3 - a general view of the unit for tunneling and cleaning operations (side view).

In FIG. 4 - schemes of cuts implemented by the claimed executive body.

The executive body of the unit for tunneling works (Fig. 1) consists of a flat cutting bar 1 with cutters 2 mounted on the cutting chain 3. The cutting bar 1 is mounted on the carriage 4 of the universal power manipulator 5. The feeder 6 of the carriage 4 provides the introduction of the cutting bar 1 with its end part into the array and cutting through the array slots of size B × L × H. The torque to the drive sprocket of bar 1 is transmitted from the drive 7. The executive body of the tunneling and cleaning unit is fixed relative to the face plane by means of the power manipulator 5 and expansion cylinders 8, the peaks 9 of which are introduced into the array when the bar 1 is cut and removed from contact with the face during implementation separation of the pillar. Inside the housing 10 of the executive body, a number of cylindrical hydraulic breakers 11 are installed, in an amount of at least five.

Cylindrical hydraulic breakers 11 (Fig. 2) are designed to act on both side surfaces of each slit cut by bar 1, with the goal of separating from the array of cut rock pillar of rock by separation.

The hydraulic breaker 11 includes a housing 12 with channels 13, a piston cavity 14, pistons 15, the movement of which is limited by stops 16. Springs 17 provide pistons to return to their original position when connecting channels 13 to drain pipelines (not shown).

The carriage 4 and the universal power manipulator 5 are mounted on the chassis 18 of the unit (Fig. 3). The undercarriage 18 of the unit, depending on the operating conditions, can be performed on a wheel-rail, pneumowheel or caterpillar track. Universal power manipulator 5 provides orientation, i.e. movement in the vertical and horizontal plane, rotation around the axis of symmetry by 360 °, as well as rigid fixation of the device over the entire cross section of the tunneling or working face 19.

The operation of the device is as follows.

After installing and fixing the undercarriage 18 before the face or tunnel face 19 with the help of a universal power manipulator 5, the actuator is brought to the bottom surface and with the help of expansion cylinders 8 with peaks 9 are fixed relative to the bottom face. After that, the drive 7 of the flat cutting bar 1 is turned on. With the help of the feeder 6, the cutting part 1 is fed into the rock mass by the end part, cutting a slot in it with dimensions H × B × L, which are determined by the design parameters of the device.

In order to form free surfaces inside the array, the slots are cut according to various schemes (Fig. 4). By cleaving rock volumes between adjacent slits, so-called initial cuts 20 are formed. The distance between the side surfaces of the initial cuts 20 is at least 2H. After cutting the initial cuts 20 according to a given pattern, the rest of the massif is destroyed by successive operations of cutting the slit with bar 1 and further detaching a large volume of rock of the trimmed pillar from the massif using cylindrical hydraulic breakers 11.

Since rocks have the smallest tensile strengths when they are separated from the massif, the proposed device provides high productivity of tunneling and cleaning operations at low specific energy consumption of the process of mass destruction and a small amount of small dust-like classes in the products of breaking. In addition, the presence of a universal power manipulator provides the ability to go through the mine workings of various sections in area and configuration.

Claims (2)

1. The executive body of the unit for tunneling, including a housing, a cutting element and a hydraulic breaker, characterized in that the cutting element is made in the form of a flat cutting bar mounted on a movable carriage, which is equipped with a feeder and expansion cylinders for cutting cracks in the rock mass and inside the body of the executive body, in an amount of not less than five, cylindrical hydraulic breakers are installed, made with the possibility of two-sided impact on the side surfaces of the cracks in the rock mass ve. 2. The executive body according to claim 1, characterized in that the carriage is mounted on a universal power manipulator.

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