RU2651182C1 - Method of managing the enterprise and automation of operations at the enterprise - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: control systems.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to enterprise management. For this purpose, a method is proposed in which a system consisting of a server and a computer is used to manage an enterprise, while a combination of two blocks of computer software is used, namely closed and open systems for editing part of the combination by users of computer software, while the data is stored in a single database, in which all information on the processes of the enterprise is entered in real time, the set of information is a virtual model of the enterprise; in the process of use, procedures of authentication, authorization, registration, delineation of user access, object transformation are applied; software is written in a strongly typed, object-oriented programming language; data processing is performed by both user commands and executing algorithms.

EFFECT: real-time automation of enterprise operation.

4 cl

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to methods of enterprise management, manufacturing and operation of an intelligent enterprise management system and automation of enterprise operations, and can be used to create or build universal enterprise management systems that are equally suitable for managing business processes of any organization focused on achieving a given goal, including profit maximization, regardless of its scope and form of ownership.

State of the art

Currently available on the market, hardware and software solutions for enterprise automation belong to the class of ERP (enterprise resource planning) and provide enterprise resource planning.

The growing volume of controlled processes, the necessary reliability of control actions, the speed of decision making in modern rapidly developing highly competitive industries and markets for goods and services require a transition to new methods and systems of enterprise management in order to gain a competitive advantage compared to existing approaches to the implementation of enterprise management systems and automation of operations performed at the enterprise.

So, the data necessary for making a decision must be coordinated at every moment of time, be complete and sufficient to make an adequate decision, and the decision itself must be made immediately in real time. In addition, the enterprise automation system itself, reflecting all the technological and business processes performed in the enterprise, should be able to change its structure in real time to quickly reflect changes in the external environment with respect to the automated enterprise. This requires highly efficient means for collecting and analyzing data, means of automatic communication with devices, sensors, industrial units or other automation systems via data transmission networks.

A well-known SAP AG resource planning system developed by SAP AG [www.sap.com, www.sap.ru], in which:

- uses the proprietary procedural language ABAP with object extensions. The syntax of the language greatly complicates the understanding and writing of programs. The execution of the program on ABAP is implemented by the interpreter, which dramatically reduces system performance;

- a modular architecture is used in which the primary data is divided between several databases and their control systems with synchronization procedures between them, which leads to frequent errors of data mis-synchronization between systems;

- implemented a primitive data model.

The developer in the SAP system is proposed as a description of the subject area to rely on records in relational tables and be limited to the operations of selecting, deleting, modifying and creating these records. All complex manipulations must be implemented in accordance with the local tasks of the subject area.

SAP R / 3 can work with a wide range of database management systems (DBMS), including those that provide minimal capabilities, for example, MySQL from Oracle. As a result, SAPR / 3 does not use the special features of modern DBMSs and suffers from low reliability and performance.

The SAP R / 3 platform provides an exclusive ABAP interpreter and record manipulation tools. All other functions relate to the field of local development for the subject area. A clear separation of functions is not noted, the basic functionality is mixed with local solutions, greatly complicating the development and reducing system performance.

A well-known Microsoft Dynamics resource planning system, in which:

- uses the proprietary procedural language X ++ with object extensions, the syntax of which greatly complicates the understanding and writing of programs. The execution of the program in X ++ is implemented by the interpreter, which drastically reduces system performance.

- contains a primitive data model. The developer is invited to rely on records in relational tables as a description of the subject area and restrict himself to the operations of selecting, deleting, modifying, and creating these records. All complex manipulations must be implemented in accordance with the local tasks of the subject area.

Microsoft Dynamics works with a single DBMS, but does not use all its capabilities, limited to functions of saving records.

Microsoft Dynamics provides an X ++ language interpreter, record manipulation tools, and minimal tools for developing interactive forms. All other functions relate to the field of local development for the subject area. A clear separation of functions is not noted, the basic functionality is mixed with local solutions, complicating the development and reducing system performance.

A well-known 1C resource planning system, which uses the proprietary procedural language 1C with object extensions. The syntax of the language greatly complicates the understanding and writing of programs. Execution of the program on 1C is implemented by the interpreter, which dramatically reduces system performance. Systems and methods for the automatic generation of reports are protected by patent US 20150169652 A1, publ. 18.06.2015.

The 1C system can work only with a large set of DBMSs, including those that provide minimal features, for example, DBF files. As a result, the special capabilities of modern DBMSs, as well as the relatively low reliability and performance of the system, are not used.

Common shortcomings of these well-known computerized resource planning systems are the consideration of the enterprise as several independent parts, the provision of separate products and data storage for each part of the enterprise, the use of data synchronization procedures between the individual modules of the system with loss of uniform data consistency and significant complication of support for the implemented software product. Also, a disadvantage of known systems is the use of outdated or proprietary programming languages to describe business process scenarios, the use of an interpreter, support for a large set of DBMSs without special optimization for each of them, which leads to a decrease in the overall system performance. There is a known method of providing functions in an industrial automation system and an industrial automation system developed by Siemens Aktsiengesellschaft (DE), according to which, to obtain a technical result, it is flexible and efficient to provide functions distributed across a plurality of control units or computing units in an industrial automation system, the automation system functions are provided in disposal through web applications that are client-side during program execution These are combined into related Web applications and are provided on the client-side user interface. Web applications are provided through a single application programming interface, which includes an application programming interface for initializing and unloading application components, as well as an application programming interface for handling events and providing component functions. Component instances are linked through an application programming interface to establish interactions between application components [RU 2605918 G05B 15/02, publ. 12/27/2016, EP 14153072 01/29/2014].

There is a well-known automation system for catering enterprises, which is based on a cloud computing platform where a web server is implemented to store a database of services and assortment, as well as information received from suppliers of goods, from order executors and from customers ordering dishes through a web server. The system contains a web backup server connected to a web server, a backup database server, a memory buffer server, a search server, a cooking management system [CN 102663265, publ. 09/12/2012].

The presence and necessity of using multiple servers in these systems leads to frequent failures and the inability to use systems during unstable operation or disconnecting Internet connections.

A known automation system of enterprises in the sphere of trade, public catering and services, in which to achieve a technical result, to which a technical solution is directed is to increase the reliability of the automation system of an enterprise in the service sector by increasing the autonomy of all devices forming the system, while maintaining and duplicating the whole information on each of these devices, the hardware-software complex is built on the basis of wireless devices integrated into a local peer-to-peer network, playing the role of an automated workplace of an employee. In this case, information is entered into the system from any of the devices connected to the network, in each of which storage and duplication of all information is performed, and the network is connected to a web server, which ensures, through the system management program, the operation of the entire system from any computer / communication device having an Internet connection, as well as storing and duplicating all the information entered on each of the devices. The web server through the function management program allows you to manage system functions. In addition, the system may contain included in the network one or more wireless peripheral devices, including, for example, fiscal registrar, service printer, barcode scanner, bank terminal [RU 2605674 G06Q 50/12, G06Q 30/00, publ. 12/27/2016].

A known system for automating the selection and statistical analysis of data, containing a subsystem for selecting data and building custom reports, designed to provide access to the required data, organize data conversion; a subsystem of administration and individual settings, designed to store individual user settings, create an individual user workspace, and ensure that the results of individual users are saved; a subsystem of intermodular interaction, designed to organize the export and import of data to ensure subsequent detailed processing, with each of the subsystems associated with a data display and presentation unit. The data selection subsystem includes sequentially connected unit for processing user requests, a unit for constructing reports, a unit for performing arithmetic operations, a unit for storing user reports, a unit for selecting data associated with a unit for displaying and presenting data and with an information storage unit. The administration and individual settings subsystem includes a sequentially linked unit for setting up lists of operational indicators, a unit for creating calculated indicators, and an administration unit for saved reports. The subsystem of intermodular interaction includes sequentially linked block advanced data selection, block modeling and forecasting, block correlation and regression analysis [RU 123557 G06F 17/30, publ. 12/27/2012].

A well-known automated enterprise management system, which to ensure automation of planning management contains a database of planned design tasks, a block of medium-term calendar planning, a database of employees, a database of functional tasks for contractual and internal agreements, a database of time tracking, a payroll block , a unit for assessing the importance of functional tasks, a unit for assessing the time frame for performing functional tasks, a unit for assessing the importance of planned design s dachas, a unit for assessing the time frame for fulfilling planned project tasks, a unit for evaluating the fulfillment of a medium-term plan, and also a series-connected block for random access memory for additional tasks, a unit for assessing the importance of additional tasks, and a unit for evaluating the time frame for completing additional tasks [RU 2599339 G06F 17/00, G06F 17 / 30, G06Q 50/04, publ. 10/10/2016].

A unified information flow control system of an enterprise is known, including a block of modules for collecting and primary processing information from various information systems and transmitting information to a transport subsystem that transmits information through a one-way communication channel to a data transmission and processing unit connected by two-way communication channels to an automated data transfer unit process control systems into a single data warehouse and a unit for making changes to the system database, about characterized by the fact that, in addition, the data transmission and processing unit via the two-way communication channels exchanges information with the normative-reference information conversion unit and the data transmission unit in the information systems, the system database modification unit via the two-way channel is connected to the monitoring and administration unit, the conversion unit reference information on a two-way channel is connected with the system of coordination of reference information, information received and processed b eye transmission data automated process control systems, is transmitted in a single data store, the information from the data block in the information system of the one-way communication channels supplied to various enterprise information systems. The block of modules for collecting and primary processing of information collects information, which can be either a structured data set obtained from corporate information systems operating at the enterprise, or primary indicators from telemetry systems. A single data warehouse containing information in a unified format implements a single data access point with the ability to obtain data for the previous period [RU 123562 G06Q 50/04, G06F 17/40, publ. 12/27/2012].

There is a method of performing online program changes in an automation system, in which, for a technical result, to increase the reliability of an automation system by controlling the CPU overload, an online program change is performed by loading an automation system in the CPU where the current application program is running, new program blocks for preparing a new application program, and in which, to prevent CPU overload, the final switch to a new application program fected only after the first control after the processing of all new application programming cycles is not determined by the CPU overload [RU 2432604 G06F 9/48, G05B 19/418, publ. 10/27/2011 EP 2007/060712 (09/10/2007) WO 2008/049727 (05/02/2008)].

Known developed by Umikore Ag Und Co. (DE) a system and method for automating a system based on an interpretation of a tree sequence of operations. The technical result consists in automating the determination and execution of operations carried out by the machine or during the production process. According to the automation system and method, the interpreter generates and executes executable code based on instructions received in the form of a tree sequence that contains information about parallel operations to determine the appropriate automation procedures. The definition of a tree sequence can be based on a standardized human-readable and machine-readable format, such as, for example, an XML document [RU 2546563 G05B 23/00 G06F 9/455, publ. 04/10/2015, EP 2010/066366 (10/28/2010) WO 2011/067047 (06/09/2011)].

A well-known electronic system developed in the State Unitary Enterprise "Vodokanal of St. Petersburg" for automated accounting and reporting of information on the availability and movement of consumables and components, which relates to systems for automated recording of the movement of goods at a storage location or other place, their selection for delivery, and can be used in systems and methods for automating warehouse accounting and operational delivery, and which consists of a communication channel and a transport subsystem connecting a centralized warehouse containing inventory items with a personal computer located in it, managed by an accounting program that provides calculations related to the generation of information contained in the invoice, invoice and invoice, carried out by the data input-output device, as well as at least two serviced organizations containing a computing device for users of a warehouse with an input / output device, a head office containing a computer managed by an accounting program, and also warehouse branches, with Unity with the centralized warehouse and other warehouses communication system and transport subsystem [RU 88173 G06Q 10/00, publ. 10/27/2009].

There is a method of automated accounting and presentation of information on the availability and movement of goods at the storage location and their selection for implementation and an electronic system for automating warehouse accounting, according to which, to increase the reliability and autonomy of the warehouse, information about commodity operations at the storage location is delivered to an automated accounting system, stored in the network server’s memory, information about the availability of goods at the storage location is obtained by identification by its bar code, and all information about the commodity operation The goods that need to be produced are received at a warehouse from a networked automated accounting and management system using an electronic-paper tandem, which is a combination of an electronic card with an integrated microcircuit (smart document) and a paper medium for information on a commodity transaction, the contents of the smart document are overwritten and supplemented after the commodity operation is completed, and then this information is recorded in the central database and the paper medium of the information on the commodity operation is taken into account. [RU 2308083 G06Q 10/00, publ. 10/10/2007].

The well-known enterprise resource planning system Oracle E-Business Suite (Oracle E-Business Suite, also abbreviated as OEBS) is a replicated integrated application software package manufactured by Oracle that includes functional blocks and is designed to automate the main activities of enterprises, including: finance , production, personnel management, logistics, marketing, sales and sales, customer service, relationships with suppliers and customers, and others. The disadvantage of this solution is the use of a large number of separate functional units and separate databases, which may include conflicting information and require constant periodic synchronization to eliminate the internal contradiction of the data and their verification. Moreover, for the period between synchronizations, the user of one database (or one block) cannot be sure of the accuracy and completeness of these data in comparison with other databases (or blocks).

A well-known method developed by Microsoft Corporation for implementing a parallel execution control method in an enterprise resource planning system, in which, to increase the reliability of data processing in parallel data processing, parallel execution management between multiple data transactions involving the same data includes the steps in which: comparing version identifications that uniquely identify data versions during a read request and a transaction write request and with the data. The exception is thrown if the version identification does not match, and the exception is processed within the data transaction [RU 2417427 G06F17 / 40, publ. 04/27/2011 US 2007/001021 (01/16/2007) PCT: WO 2007/108859 (09/27/2007)].

The closest analogue to the proposed solution is the automated operational management system of the enterprise according to patent RU 2441274, in which the network system contains a server with a server communication module and with a central database connected by two-way communication with external data sources, one client terminal with a client communication module , server and client communication modules are connected by two-way communication through a communication channel. The server is additionally equipped with an individual control point generation module for the current client and an individual data sampling module for the current client and is configured so that the individual control point generation module for the current client is connected to external data sources with one input, connected to the server communication module with the second input, and the output connected to the input of the central database, which is connected to the output of the server communication module.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the need for synchronization between the central database and the local database of each user, which means that no user can be sure of the truth of the data within a few seconds after such synchronization.

Task and technical result

The objective of the present invention is to eliminate the above-described disadvantages of known methods and systems for enterprise automation, and the creation of an intelligent control system and automation of enterprises, providing:

● bringing the reliability, consistency and reliability of the interpreted data on the state of a managed and automated enterprise to full or maximum possible correspondence to the actual state of things in real time,

● reduced risk of inoperability,

● the highest possible reliability,

● the highest possible performance,

● the maximum possible reliability of the developed solutions,

● increase the speed of work on the implementation of an intelligent management system and automation of the enterprise,

● increasing the speed and ease of users getting used to the system as a whole and its new emerging functions in particular,

● the emergence of the ability to most reliably draw conclusions about the state of the enterprise at any time,

● the speed of making changes to the system is sufficient so that the structure of the enterprise’s business processes in the electronic model changes simultaneously and in parallel with how these business processes evolve in reality,

● the ability of the system to perform actions and conclude transactions in the real world in actual time on behalf of the enterprise, aimed at reducing costs and increasing the company's revenue in each transaction.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the invention is:

● creating an intelligent enterprise management system and ways to automate enterprise operations in real time,

● reduction in the number of people involved in the implementation of the enterprise, up to the complete exclusion of people from the execution of routine business processes of the enterprise,

● reduction of materials and goods in the turnover of the enterprise,

● providing better and faster services by maximizing the automation of technological and business processes of the enterprise;

● increase in the availability of automatically provided enterprise services due to round-the-clock operation and a guaranteed level of their quality and reliability;

● Significantly enhancing the competitiveness of an enterprise whose business processes are organized by an intelligent management system, due to a fundamental breakthrough in the manageability, controllability and transparency of business process execution, and ensuring the company's reaction speed to continuous changes in dynamic competitive markets in real time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Way

The method according to the invention consists in the fact that most of the actual operations at the enterprise are carried out by an intelligent control system (or with its substantial help), consisting of at least a server and a user computer, while a set of computer programs having all the following three combined symptoms:

Combined Attribute No. 1 (Two blocks of programs): Interconnected operation of 2 blocks of computer programs, in which: 1st block of computer programs is an unchangeable part that is closed for editing by computer program consumers, called hereinafter for simplicity of description "Platform" , and the 2nd block of computer programs in the form of a part open for viewing and editing by computer program consumers — referred to hereinafter for simplicity of description as “The Space of Logic of Decision Making”.

Combined Attribute No. 2 (Fundamentals of the functioning of the Platform) consists of a combination of 5 principles that underlie the functioning of the Platform: 1st - a high level of data interconnectedness, the existence of data in a single copy and the reliability of the data (integrity), 2nd - the whole information about the processes occurring in the enterprise is received in real time through the platform’s mechanism to the database (isolation), the third is the universal applicability of the platform for managing business processes of any form of organization identity and form of ownership (universality), the fourth is a one-to-one correspondence between a real enterprise and its virtual model, where a virtual model is an enumeration of objects and options for their interaction (symmetry), which develops (evolves) and changes mirror with the enterprise in the mode real time, 5th - mandatory a priori standardization of organizational processes and / or value chains used in the enterprise where the Platform (ordering) is applied.

Combined Attribute No. 3 (Procedure for the functioning of a set of software and hardware solutions) consists of a combination of the following 5 properties of the final software product: 1. A single database of all information and processes occurring in the organization, which should ensure guaranteed atomicity of transactions, link consistency data, transaction isolation and data durability (the so-called ACID requirements) 2. The platform is multifunctional, including tools for making changes to the Pro the place of Logic of Decision Making, authentication, authorization, registration, user access control, and object conversion mechanisms should be applied. Thus, it is possible to program the actions of the Platform that are performed on behalf of the organization. 3. A saturated data model in which objects are specialized by type of use — static information, event data, totals, and their history. 4. To develop scenarios that describe the interaction between objects in the Decision Logic Space, a rigidly typed object-oriented programming language with support for asynchrony, functional programming, and a built-in query language is used. 5. Close integration with the DBMS. The fullest possible use of non-standard DBMS capabilities in conjunction with a single database, including: the ability to process data directly in the database space by introducing executing algorithms into the database, the ability to batch enter and extract data into and out of the database, and the ability to differentiate access data (different access rights) at the DBMS level.

In a particular case, the proposed set of software and hardware solutions is capable, according to a predetermined algorithm, of independently performing actions aimed at interacting with the outside world (with entities outside the enterprise itself), for example, automatically sending emails with instructions or wishes of a business and organizational nature, taking orders from customers , place orders with suppliers of goods and services, enter into electronic contracts with external contractors on their own initiative, accept or reject nyat outside the proposed offer. The proposed set of software and hardware solutions is capable of actions aimed at interacting with the world (with entities) outside the enterprise itself, which are automatic collection of information from external data sources, including websites of other companies and Internet aggregators, interpretation of these data and broadcasting them into a virtual enterprise model with further use in scenario decision logic.

To implement the above method and as a single storage, a computer can be used, which is a single server, that is, one computer located in a single package and consisting of at least a processor, a storage medium such as a hard disk, data input device, data output device, communication devices designed to receive data. In the particular case, the storage has a network communication device designed to receive data through the network. In the particular case, such a network communication device for receiving data through the network is a radio signal receiving device.

The present invention is a modified, revised and fundamentally new methodology for the operation of the enterprise using modern hardware and software.

The application of the above method guarantees the unification of data and ensuring verification and consistency of the data entered by different users, the speed and automation of data processing, simplifying the implementation of the method in enterprises in all industries. At the same time, higher reliability and safety of the entire system is achieved, since entering and processing data, for example, erroneous, do not change the computer program used, and changing or even completely replacing the computer program does not change the data in the database. At the same time, centralized processing of data flows and concealment of the details of the conversion of different communication protocols into a single standard communication interface with differentiation of access to data is performed.

The method, as already indicated, is easily applied in enterprises in all and any industries, while it is possible to enter data for various purposes by sending to files (documents), directories.

The basic principles of the described method

Let us explain the work of the proposed method at the work of a trading enterprise, which consists of an operational office where a warehouse is located, a warehouse (storage location), a trading place (retail space, mobile trading terminal, store, trading floor).

The traditional control method, preceding the proposed one, assumes that in each structural unit there is a separate database into which the data available in this structural unit is almost instantly entered, and parallel verification and verification of these data between themselves is carried out by means of a separate special periodic operation, which to protect against failures, it starts at a time when data is not entered by users (usually, at night or at other non-working hours). At the same time, each of the individual databases does not directly interact with the other database (for example, the warehouse and store database), and the information contained in them is brought together in a separate program, then each individual relevant information is checked and again sent to a separate database.

The method for controlling the execution of operations proposed in this application in an intelligent control system of an enterprise is implemented differently. According to it, data is entered by different authorized users from different computers, while several users can relate to the same structural unit, or to completely different ones. Data in the shortest possible time, tending to the period of passage and processing of a digital and / or electrical signal, enter a single database. The received data immediately becomes available to all other authorized users and, according to the proposed method, they immediately begin to use them for their own operations. So, the storekeeper enters information on the receipt of goods to the warehouse in a single database, which allows the user in the trading floor to immediately offer the goods received for sale, based on the availability of goods in a single database. The program is responsible for the correct receipt of data in the database, but not for the data already in it. A strictly typed and object-oriented programming language with support for asynchrony, the possibility of functional programming, the function of the built-in query language allows you to process data coming from various computers and electronic computing devices, each of which can have a programming language different from the other device, a data transfer protocol and other properties. In this case, the same user can access several different computers and / or electronic computing devices without loss of time and without special instruction, since a standardized, unified, similar graphical interface is used to interact with the database; in other words, in different programs and on different devices the same or similar color, geometric, verbal elements and their arrangement with each other will be present.

The novelty of the proposed solution lies in the fact that the previous control automation methods are traditionally based on directly opposite principles: information is entered in parallel into different databases and are in conflict with each other, archaic or highly specialized programming languages that do not meet modern needs are used to write software processes, systems are created for narrow target use in individual industries that do not allow their use in another industrial or service In this sphere, databases are managed not so much through the program as by personal intervention of users who must personally verify and confirm the correctness of the information.

Claims (12)

1. The method of enterprise management and automation of operations in the enterprise, consisting in the fact that to manage the enterprise and perform operations at the enterprise, a system consisting of at least a server and a user computer is used, while: A) for the operation of this system, a set of computer programs is used, namely, two blocks of computer programs in which the first block is a portion of the population that is closed for editing by consumers of computer programs, and the second block of computer programs is a portion of the population that is open for viewing and editing by computer users, B) the enterprise data is stored in a single database, which is managed through the DBMS, which works in conjunction with the first block of computer programs, which works in conjunction with the second block of computer programs, C) the enterprise data enter the enterprise database in only one copy, all information about the processes occurring in the enterprise is entered into the database, the data enter the database in real time, the set of information in the database is a virtual enterprise model that symmetrically reflects real objects and options for their interaction, developing and mirroring with the enterprise in real time, while the organizational processes of the enterprise are systematized and standard ized, the first unit of software is equally universally functional for any organization and industry, D) data transactions are atomic and isolated, and the data itself is referenced and permanently stored; E) in the operation of the first and second block of computer programs, the following are applied: authentication procedure, authorization procedure, registration procedure, user access control procedure, object conversion procedure; G) there is a data model in which objects are specialized by type of use - static information, event data, totals and their history; H) computer programs are written in a rigidly typed, object-oriented programming language with support for asynchrony, functional programming, and a built-in query language; I) data processing in the database is carried out both directly by user teams and executable algorithms entered into the database, including: the ability to batch enter and retrieve data into and out of the database, the ability to differentiate access to data at the DBMS level. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the proposed set of programs is capable of independently perform actions based on a given algorithm aimed at interacting with the world (with subjects) outside the enterprise itself. 3. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the actions aimed at interacting with the world (with entities) outside the enterprise itself are sending or receiving emails, or receiving orders from customers, or placing orders with suppliers of goods and services, or the conclusion of electronic contracts with external contractors, or the acceptance of offers offered from outside or their rejection. 4. The method according to p. 2, characterized in that the actions aimed at interacting with entities outside the enterprise are automatically collecting information from external data sources, including websites of other companies and Internet aggregators, interpreting these data and broadcasting them into a virtual enterprise model with further use in scenario decision logic.