RU2649352C1 - Pile-plate foundation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and can be used in erecting pile-plate foundations that take up horizontal force. Pile-plate foundation comprises piles installed from the bottom of the pit, combined with a grill plate. It is assemblable to take up horizontal force, and the foundation contains piles, made with a square section with longitudinal rectangular grooves on the faces in the upper part of the piles above the foundation of the pit. Upper parts of the piles, located in the pit, further combined by diaphragms installed in said grooves, and forming a closed structure in the form of a cell or a grid of cells. Grill plate is formed by assemblable plates, laid on the piles and diaphragms to combine them by welding the reinforcement and concreting.

EFFECT: technical result is simplified technology of erection and reduced duration of the process by performing a assemblable structure with increased rigidity of the above-ground part and taking up horizontal force.

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Description

The invention relates to construction and can be used in the construction of pile-slab foundations, perceiving horizontal forces.

A solid slab foundation is known, reinforced with stiffeners, containing closed vertical walls formed in trenches open from the bottom of the pit, directed downward, combined on top of the slab and forming cells of different sizes and depths in the soil base that impede the movement of the soil when it is compressed (RF Patent No. 2225483 C1 , priority date 10/02/2006, publication date 05/27/2008, authors: Shadunts K.Sh. et al., RU).

The disadvantages of the known analogue are the high labor costs during the construction, due to the need to complete closed trenches in the soil base, as well as the monolithic construction technology - time-consuming.

Known monolithic erected pile-slab foundation containing a plate reinforced along the contour with piles in a checkerboard pattern for the perception of horizontal efforts (RF Patent No. 2390609 C1, priority date 03.03.2009, publication date 05.27.2010, author Shadunts K.Sh., RU) .

The disadvantages of this analogue are the labor costs associated with the technology of erecting a monolithic structure, as well as insufficient resistance to horizontal movement of soil in connection with intermittent reinforcement of the contour of the slab with piles.

As a prototype, a pile-slab foundation was adopted, including bored piles combined by an upper grill and a lower plate formed in a horizontal cavity made by inkjet geotechnology (RF Patent No. 221703 C1, priority date July 24, 2006, publication date April 10, 2008, Authors: Shadunts K.Sh. and Marinichev MB, RU, prototype).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the high labor costs in the construction of the spatial structure of the pile-slab foundation, due to the complex of lengthy technological techniques in the process of building the foundation.

The technical problem is the creation of a quick-erect pile-slab foundation with a simplified technology for the construction of a prefabricated structure with sufficient rigidity of the aerial part and absorbing horizontal forces.

To solve a technical problem, a pile-slab foundation was proposed, including piles installed from the bottom of the pit, united by a grillage plate. According to the invention, the pile-slab foundation is made prefabricated with the ability to absorb horizontal forces, while the foundation contains piles made of square cross-section with longitudinal rectangular grooves on the faces in the upper part of the piles above the foundation pit, and the upper parts of the piles located in the pit are further combined installed in said grooves by diaphragms forming a closed structure in the form of a cell or a grid of cells, and the grillage plate is formed by prefabricated plates laid on piles and diaphragm us with the possibility of combining by welding reinforcement and concrete casting.

According to the invention, the pile-slab foundation contains corner piles provided with grooves on adjacent faces.

According to the invention, the pile-slab foundation contains corner piles and intermediate piles with grooves on three faces.

According to the invention, the pile-slab foundation contains corner piles and intermediate piles with grooves on three and four faces.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a pile-slab foundation with corner piles, top view; in FIG. 2 - pile-slab foundation with corner and intermediate piles, top view; in FIG. 3 shows a section AA in FIG. 2; in FIG. 4 shows in a perspective view angular and intermediate piles forming a grid of piles and cells.

The inventive pile-slab foundation is made prefabricated and contains driven piles 2 installed from the bottom of the pit 1, joined by diaphragms 3 located between the piles, and a grillage plate consisting of separate plates 4. At the same time, the driven piles 2 are made of square section, for example 400 × 400 mm with longitudinal rectangular grooves 5 (110 × 110 mm) on the faces in the upper part of the piles, the length of which is limited by the depth of the pit 1, for example 1.5 m. The driven piles 2 are installed with a mesh, for example, with a step of 6 m. The upper parts of the piles equipped with grooves 5 located in cat ovane 1 above its base and are interconnected by reinforced concrete diaphragms 3 with a length of 5.8 m, a height corresponding to the height of the grooves, and a thickness of 0.1 m, the ends of which are installed in the longitudinal grooves 5. Depending on the form of execution of the pile-slab foundation and dimensions in its composition, according to FIG. 1, corner piles may be included (FIG. 4a), and also, according to FIG. 2, in addition to angular, intermediate piles may be included in the composition (Fig. 4b, Fig. 4c). On top of piles 2 and diaphragms 3, slabs 4 are laid 6 meters long and 1.5 meters wide, combining them by welding outlets of reinforcement and concreting joints.

The construction of a prefabricated pile-slab foundation is as follows. A foundation pit 1 with a depth of 1.5 m is pre-opened in the ground. Square piles 2, arranged with a 6 m grid, are poured into the ground from the bottom of the pit using a vibrating jack, leaving the upper part of the piles equipped with longitudinal grooves 5, in which diaphragms 3 are installed using lifting equipment , combining the upper parts of piles located within the pit. Next, plates 4 are laid on top of piles 2 and diaphragms 3, the outlets of the reinforcement are connected by welding and the joints are concreted. The foundation pit is covered with soil and compacted along the foundation contour, and the cells formed by the diaphragms 3 are used, if necessary, as technical rooms or filled with soil before laying the plates 4. At the same time, combining piles with diaphragms 3 increases the rigidity of the upper above-ground part of the foundation, which helps to prevent horizontal movements above the foundation parts of the building.

The possibility of realizing the construction of a prefabricated pile-slab foundation indicates a simplification of the construction technology and a reduction in the duration of the process due to the prefabricated structure of piles, diaphragms and prefabricated plates, while at the same time having sufficient rigidity of the aerial part and absorbing horizontal forces.

Claims (4)

1. The pile-slab foundation, including piles installed from the bottom of the pit, joined by a grillage slab, characterized in that it is prefabricated with the ability to absorb horizontal forces, while the foundation contains piles made of square cross-section with longitudinal rectangular grooves on the faces in the upper part of the piles above the base of the pit, and the upper parts of the piles located in the pit are additionally combined by the diaphragms installed in the said grooves, forming a closed structure in the form of a cell or set ki cells, and the grillage plate is formed by prefabricated plates laid on piles and diaphragms with the possibility of combining them by welding fittings and concreting. 2. The pile-slab foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains corner piles provided with grooves on adjacent faces. 3. The pile-slab foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains corner piles and intermediate piles with grooves on three faces. 4. The pile-slab foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains corner piles and intermediate piles with grooves on three and four faces.

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