RU2379424C1 - Method for erection of foundation slab of framed structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method for erection of foundation slab of framed structure includes foundation preparation, arrangement of curb onto prepared foundation, installation of reinforcing grid, its fixation, concreting. Foundation is prepared by filling of gravel layer and a layer of sand over it and laying of hydraulic insulation, for instance PVC film, afterwards lower part of foundation slab of framed structure is shaped by installation of enclosing curb made of concrete, for instance onto hydraulic insulation, arrangement of reinforcing grid limited by enclosing curb along perimetre, fixation of reinforcing grid, for instance by means of welding, transverse and longitudinal axial marking of reinforcing grid into squares, for instance 2.0×2.0 m, in angles of which, perpendicularly to reinforcing grid, reinforcement is installed and fixed, for instance, by means of welding, with length equal to design thickness of foundation slab of framed structure. Concreting of reinforcing grid down to required thickness, with further installation of multiuse curb blocks onto concreted surface in centre of marked squares in number sufficient to fill three first rows perpendicularly to longitudinal axis of foundation slab of framed structure, concreting is performed in two stages, at the first stage space is concreted between enclosing curb, the first and partially second rows of blocks, afterwards concrete should mature to state, when its surface still is adhesive enough for connection with the following portion of concrete to form monolithic structure. At the second stage remaining part of the second and partially third rows of multiuse curb blocks is concreted, after hardness is achieved that excludes concrete breakage, when multiuse curb blocks are withdrawn. The first row of blocks is withdrawn and installed in the fourth row, concreting is continued till final formation of framed structure area. Cells, which are not filled with concrete, produced by blocks of multiuse curb, are closed with reinforced concrete covers, and upper part of foundation slab of framed structure is arranged by laying of reinforcing grid onto produced surface limited along perimetre by enclosing curb, fixation of reinforcing grid, its connection, by means of welding, with outlets of reinforcement of lower part of foundation slab of framed structure and concreting down to required thickness.

EFFECT: reduced material intensity and labour intensity, improved strength and reliability of design.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and can be used in industrial and civil engineering in the construction of foundations on any homogeneous natural base (including on soft soils, such as clay, peat, clay, etc.).

Closest to the proposed invention is a method of erecting a slab foundation (patent RU No. 2276708 C1, E02D 27/01, publ. 05.20.2006), comprising a device in the ground intersecting slots, reinforcing them with frames and concreting.

The disadvantage of this method is:

- the complexity of the device cracks on weak, sandy soils and soils with a high level of groundwater due to the instability of the design of cracks in the soil;

- the impossibility of waterproofing the foundation mass when laying concrete in the ground, especially on water-saturated soils;

- relatively high consumption of concrete.

The aim of the invention is to develop a method of erecting a foundation plate of a frame structure on a homogeneous base.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 is a sequence of concreting using blocks of reusable formwork; figure 2 shows the base plate of the frame structure in plan and in section; figure 3 - remote element in figure 2

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of erecting a foundation plate of a frame structure, including preparing the base, the device on the prepared formwork base, laying the reinforcing field and strengthening it, concreting, according to the invention, the preparation of the base is carried out, including an embankment of a layer of gravel and a layer of sand on top of it and laying waterproofing, for example, PVC film, and then form the lower part of the base plate of the frame structure by installing enclosing formwork on the waterproofing, for example, from concrete laying the reinforcing field, limited along the perimeter of the enclosing formwork, reinforcing the reinforcing field, for example by welding, transverse and longitudinal axial marking of the reinforcing field into squares, for example 2.0 × 2.0 m, at the corners of which perpendicular to the reinforcing field are installed and fastened, for example by welding, reinforcing bars with a length equal to the design thickness of the base plate of the frame structure, concreting the reinforcing field to the required thickness, followed by installing reusable formwork blocks on the concreted surface in the center of the dimensions enough squares to fill the first three rows perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base plate of the frame structure, concreting in two stages, the first stage is concreting the space between the enclosing formwork, the first and part of the second row of reusable formwork blocks, after which the concrete must be hardened to a state when its surface still has sufficient adhesion to join with the next portion of concrete into a monolith, the second stage is concreted with the remaining part of the second and hour the third row of blocks of reusable formwork, after reaching a hardness that precludes concrete destruction when removing the blocks of reusable formwork, the first row of blocks is removed and installed in the fourth row, concreting is continued until the formation of the frame structure is complete, the cells formed by the blocks of reusable formwork not filled with concrete are closed reinforced concrete covers and on the formed surface arrange the upper part of the base plate of the frame structure by laying the reinforcing field on the formed erhnost bounded by the perimeter of the partition formwork, reinforcing strengthening field and its compounds, e.g., by welding with fittings releases bottom of the foundation slab concrete and the frame structure to the desired thickness.

The implementation of the method of construction of the base plate of the frame structure is carried out in the following sequence and is illustrated by this example.

Any homogeneous base (1) (Fig. 1) is leveled (including on soft soils, such as clay, peat, clay, etc.), a layer of gravel (2) with a minimum thickness of 150 mm is poured onto the base (1), fraction 0-30 mm and on top of it a sand layer (3) with a thickness of 10-30 mm and waterproofing (4), for example, PVC film, is laid on top, and then the lower part of the base plate of the frame structure is formed by installing enclosing formwork on the waterproofing (4) (5) , for example, from concrete, laying of the reinforcing field (6), limited along the perimeter of the enclosing formwork (5), is strengthened e of the reinforcing field (6), for example by welding, of the transverse (7) and longitudinal (8) axial marking of the reinforcing field (6) into squares, for example 2.0 × 2.0 m, at the corners of which are perpendicular to the reinforcing field (6) set and fastened, for example by welding , reinforcement (9) with a length equal to the design thickness of the base plate of the frame structure, concreting the reinforcing field (6) to the required thickness of 100-200 mm in accordance with the calculation of the possible load, withstand the necessary time with subsequent installation of reusable formwork blocks on the concreted surface (10) (11) in the center of the marked squares in an amount sufficient to fill the first three rows perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base plate of the frame structure.

The dimensions of the reusable formwork blocks (11) made of reinforced concrete are selected from the following considerations:

- compliance with the multiplicity of dimensions of the axial grid of the base plate of the frame structure to a single module (M = 6 m) for vertical and horizontal measurements in industrial construction (GOST 23838-89);

- elimination of difficulties associated with the transportation of oversized cargo in accordance with the current "Rules of the road."

Concreting the space between the enclosing formwork (5), the first and part of the second row of reusable formwork blocks (11) is carried out in the first stage, after which the concrete must be hardened to a state where its surface still has sufficient adhesion to join the next portion of concrete into a monolith, the second stage concreting the remaining part of the second row and part of the third row of reusable formwork blocks (11), after reaching hardness, precluding concrete destruction when removing reusable formwork blocks (11), the first p d blocks are removed and placed in the fourth row, concrete is continued until complete formation of the square frame structure. After that, the blocks of reusable formwork (11) are completely removed and can be used repeatedly in the construction of foundation slabs of this design.

Cells not filled with concrete (12) (FIG. 2) formed by reusable formwork blocks (11) (FIG. 1) are closed with pre-prepared reinforced concrete covers (13) (FIG. 3). On the formed surface (14), the upper part of the base plate of the frame structure is arranged by laying on the surface (14) a reinforcing field (15) (Fig. 1), limited along the perimeter by the enclosing formwork (15) (Fig. 3), reinforcing the reinforcing field (15) in order to ensure rigidity and strength of the structure, the reinforcing field (15) is connected, for example by welding, with the outlets of the reinforcement (9) (Fig. 1) of the lower part of the base plate of the frame structure.

The finished reinforcing field (15) (Fig. 3) is concreted in accordance with the calculation of the possible load and can withstand the necessary time. After that, the enclosing formwork (5) (Fig. 1) is removed and the formed base plate of the frame structure is ready for installation of over-base building structures.

Using the proposed method of erecting a foundation plate of a frame structure allows:

- significantly reduce the consumption of concrete and reinforcement during the construction of foundation slabs, while ensuring their high rigidity and strength;

- reduce the time of construction of foundations;

- reduce the complexity of foundation work:

- increase the accuracy of the constructed foundation structure;

- to ensure the monolithic laying of the concrete mass in the foundation plate of the frame structure.

Claims (1)

A method of erecting a base plate of a frame structure, including preparing the base, a device on the prepared base of the formwork, laying the reinforcing field, strengthening it, concreting, characterized in that the preparation of the base is carried out, including an embankment of a layer of gravel and a sand layer on top of it and laying waterproofing, for example, PVC film and then form the lower part of the base plate of the frame structure by installing on the waterproofing enclosing formwork, for example, from concrete, laying a reinforcing field, limited about the perimeter of the enclosing formwork, reinforcing the reinforcing field, for example by welding, transverse and longitudinal axial marking of the reinforcing field into squares, for example 2.0 × 2.0 m, at the corners of which perpendicular to the reinforcing field are installed and fastened, for example, by welding reinforcing bars with a length equal to the design thickness of the base plate of the frame structure, concreting the reinforcing field to the required thickness, followed by installing reusable formwork blocks on the concreted surface in the center of the marked squares in an amount sufficient ohm to fill the first three rows perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the base plate of the frame structure, concreting in two stages, the first step is concreting the space between the enclosing formwork, the first and part of the second row of blocks, after which the concrete must be hardened to a state where its surface still has sufficient adhesion to connect with the next portion of concrete in a monolith, the second stage concreting the remaining part of the second and part of the third row of reusable formwork blocks, after reaching hardness, eliminating the destruction of concrete when removing blocks of reusable formwork, the first row of blocks is removed and installed in the fourth row, concreting is continued until the formation of the area of the frame structure, the concrete cells formed by the blocks of reusable formwork are not filled, closed with reinforced concrete covers and the upper part is arranged on the formed surface foundation slab of frame construction by laying the reinforcing field on the formed surface, limited along the perimeter of the enclosing formwork, Ukrainian reinforcing captive field compound thereof, e.g., welded to the bottom of valve releases foundation slab concrete and the frame structure to the desired thickness.

Images