RU2649106C2 - Towing bearing assembly for railway wheels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: axle bearing unit of railway wheels contains a two-row block of roller bearings, which perceives the radial and axial load when the vehicle is moving. Bearing with cylindrical rollers is installed from the outside of the axle box. Bearing with conical rollers, perceiving both radial and axial load, is located on the inside of the axle box. Tension in the roller bearing is provided by the installation of a deformable annular seal under the bearing and cover flange. With this scheme, the dynamic component of the axial force is transmitted to the bearing with conical rollers through the structural mass of the load-bearing elements of the car, which ensures its dispersion and reduces the dynamic component of the load on the bearings.

EFFECT: with this scheme, the dynamic component of the axial force is transmitted to the bearing with conical rollers through the structural mass of the load-bearing elements of the car, which ensures its dispersion and reduces the dynamic component of the load on the bearings.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used in the construction of axle boxes containing roller bearings installed in three-element carts of freight cars, carts with a rigid welded frame, with independent spring suspension of freight and passenger cars, to increase their resource characteristics.

A number of technical solutions are known for the construction of axlebox supports. So, in patents RU 2094274 and RU 2309865, unloading devices are proposed that reduce the pressure of the end surfaces of the rollers to the side of the bearing rings and, thereby, reduce the friction moment and the dynamic component of the contact load.

In RF patent RU 2094274, an increase in the service life of axleboxes with roller bearings is achieved by installing washers in the axle box with a support between the outer ring of the bearing and the pressure cap in the axle box neck of a stepped hole in which the support and spring-loaded stop are placed along the outer diameter, and between the washer support and the support axle box mounted bodies of revolution, for example balls in contact with the support of the washer and the end surface of the stop.

In RF patent RU 2309865, the task of increasing the service life of axleboxes with cylindrical roller bearings and an axial ball bearing is solved by placing additional rotation bodies (balls) between the axial bearing and the ball (thrust bearing), while the rotation bodies (balls) installed in the separator are in contact with conical surfaces of the axial support and the surface of the ball (thrust bearing), and the separator is equipped with stops, the end surfaces of which interact with the end surface of the axial support and the surface of the ball (thrust bearing).

The disadvantage of the solutions proposed in the above patents is the high complexity of their implementation, as well as the insufficient level of intrinsic reliability of unloading devices.

For the claimed development, the design of the support is adopted, comprising a double-row angular contact bearing - according to the patent of the Russian Federation RU 2372534, where an increase in bearing life is achieved by using a double-row arrangement of angular contact bearings containing a common outer ring, as well as inner rings and conical bodies placed between them rolling held by the separator. The adjustment of the internal axial and radial clearance in the design is carried out by an annular spacer.

Since the axial load in the prototype is perceived as a single, two-row outer ring, the rigidity of the wheel system is significantly increased. Increased rigidity leads to high contact stresses in the contact of the twin ring and rollers. It is difficult to ensure the necessary interference in this tapered bearing, as individual adjustment of the size of the intermediate ring between the two inner rings is required.

In the claimed technical solution, increasing the efficiency of the axle box unit is ensured by reducing the dynamic component of axial stresses due to the proposed scheme for installing bearings on the axle box. The first is a bearing with tapered rollers, and the second is a bearing with cylindrical rollers.

The axle box bearing unit is fixed on the axle box - 1 (Fig. 1), on which are based - labyrinth seal - 2, housing - 3, bearing with tapered roller rollers - 4 (with inner - 5 and outer - 6 rings) and a bearing with cylindrical rolling rollers - 7 (with internal - 8 and external - 9 rings). Both bearings with inner rings - 5 and 8 are installed without clearance on the axle box neck - 1 through a spacer ring spacer - 10 (of constant size) and pulled together with a labyrinth seal - 2 through an annular steel spacer - 11 with a stopper cover - 12. Upper rings - 6 and 9 bearings are installed with the necessary interference (specified by the technical specifications for the bearing - 6 with conical rollers - 4). When tightening the bearing mounting flange and the cover - 13 (to which the axle box cover - 14 is attached), use an annular sealing gasket - 15 (deformable under tension). Thus, the necessary interference in a tapered roller bearing is provided without selecting the thickness of the spacer - 10.

When the wheelset is working, the radial load is perceived by the bearing - 7 with cylindrical rollers and the bearing - 4 with conical rollers. The axial load from tangential movements is perceived only by bearings - 4 with tapered rollers on the right and left axle boxes, which ensures increased durability and service life of the axle box suspension, since the dynamic component of the axial tangential load transmitted to the bearing is largely dissipated in the power elements of the carriage and chassis design parts.

The technical result is achieved in that the axle box bearing assembly of the wheels of the railway transport, comprising a two-row block of roller bearings, perceiving a radial and axial load when the vehicle is moving, comprises a bearing with cylindrical rollers mounted on the outside of the axle box; a bearing with tapered rollers, which accepts both radial and axial loads, is located on the inside of the axle box, and the interference in the roller bearing is ensured by the installation of an easily accessible ring dimension gasket under the bearing mounting flange and cover.

When the wheel system is moving, the proposed installation of tapered bearings does not close, as in the prototype, the tangential force on the outer ring of the bearing, but transfers the axial load through the car body. In this case, the dynamic component of the axial force is partially dispersed in the structural mass elements of the car and reduces the total magnitude of the tangential force.

List of literary sources

1. Borodin A.V., Lisovsky A.S., Kovaleva N.V. Axle boxes with roller bearings. Description of the invention to patent RU 2094274, IPC B61F 15/12.

2. Borodin A.V. Axle box with cylindrical roller bearings. Description of the invention to patent RU 2309865, IPC B61F 15/12.

3. Smolyaninov VV, Romashin S.F. Double row angular contact bearing for railway axle box. Description of the invention to patent RU 2372534, IPC F16C19 / 22 (2006.01), F16C 19/34 (2006.01), F16C 33/36 (2006.01), F16C 33/56 (2006.01), F16C 33/62 (2006.01), B61F 15 / 12 (2006.01).

Claims (1)

The axle box bearing assembly of railway wheels, comprising a two-row block of roller bearings, perceiving radial and axial loads when the vehicle is moving, characterized in that the bearing with cylindrical rollers is installed on the outside, and the bearing with tapered rollers, perceiving both radial and axial the load is placed on the inside of the axle box, while the interference in the roller bearing is ensured by the installation of a deformable annular sealing seal ki under the mounting flange bearing and cover.

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