RU2677213C1 - Resources saving journal-box - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the railway transport rolling stock running gears, namely, to the resource-saving journal-boxes. Journal-box housing is installed on the single-row radial bearings outer flangeless rings. Bearings are fixed to the wheelset axis neck between the end washer and the rear thrust ring, and closed by the front and rear covers. On the covers outer surfaces and on the journal-box housing shaped grooves are made, which provide the covers quick detachable connection to the journal-box housing. For the journal-box assembly, the covers are inserted into the housing and turned. In the assembled state, the covers are fixed with retaining rings.

EFFECT: enabling the diagnostic and repair operations execution simplification.

3 cl, 7 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to running gears of railway rolling stock, in particular to a box assembly, the design of which eliminates the possibility of axial loads on radial bearings with cylindrical rollers installed in the housing leading to the formation of sliding friction forces, causing large moments of resistance to rotation of the wheelset and requiring large energy resources rolling stock to overcome them with twisting motion, when moving through turnouts and in curved sections of the tee.

State of the art

The most famous is the design of the axlebox with rolling bearings (see. Instructions for the operation and repair of carriage axle boxes with roller bearings No. 3-CVRK. - Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, Introduced 01.04.2001 - 71 pp., Fig. 4, c 12., / Л1 /), containing two single-row radial bearings with short cylindrical rollers fixed by inner rings on the neck of the axle of the car wheel pair, while their outer rings are fixed inside the axle box with a bolt joint with a fastening cover. In the longitudinal plane of the wheel pair, the inner rings of cylindrical bearings are mounted on the axis neck between the abutment surfaces of the labyrinth ring and the end plate using bolts to secure the end plate on the end surface of the axis neck. The outer rings of cylindrical bearings are fixed in the axle box body by a bolt connection between the supporting surfaces of the fastening cover and the detachable labyrinth having a flange for connection with an annular groove on the inner surface of the axle box body. In detachable joints of the axle box, to ensure the tightness of the housing, a gasket, an o-ring are installed and the zigzag surfaces of the labyrinth ring and the detachable labyrinth are interfaced with a gap.

A disadvantage of the known rolling axle box of a freight car equipped with radial bearings with short cylindrical rollers is the technical limitations that are possible to prevent axial loads from generating axial load moments of rotation of wheel pairs due to sliding friction forces resulting from the interaction of the end surfaces of cylindrical rollers with the sides of the outer and of the inner rings of the bearings during the meandering movement of the car, when following the car through the turnouts and when moving the carriage in the curved sections of track, which results in increased wear of bearings, a wedging rollers, heating and destruction of the journal box, and is a consequence of unnecessary costs for energy consumption of the rolling stock at overcoming the movement resistance force produced in the bearing boxes. Another drawback of the axlebox considered is the design complexity for manufacturing and limiting the technical capabilities for disassembling and assembling the axlebox housing when performing technical control, diagnostics, and lubricant replacement during the intermediate revision of axlebox bearings.

The axle box construction is known mainly for railway rolling stock (see USSR author's certificate No. 266806, IPC B61f, 1970, / L-2 /), comprising a housing having a zigzag surface for sealing on the rear end surface with the possibility of interfacing with a zigzag gap the surface of the labyrinth ring, two radial bearings with cylindrical rollers, between which there is a single row radial ball bearing with a detachable outer ring, fixed by inner rings on the journal a pair with an end nut (or a disk washer with bolts) and a persistent surface of the labyrinth ring, and the outer rings of the bearings are fixed in the axle box with a fastening cover with bolts.

A disadvantage of the known axle box design is a decrease in the effective use of the support length of the axle neck of the standard wheel pair of the car by reducing the length of the rollers and, accordingly, the width of the radial cylindrical bearings in proportion to the width of the radial ball bearing, which only accepts axial load, which leads to the need to reduce the dynamic carrying capacity of the axle box and the car, exceeding which leads to the formation of plastic deformation and damage to the rolling surfaces of the bearings Cove and to reduce the durability of axle boxes. Another disadvantage is the low manufacturability of the axle box housing design for disassembly, assembly in order to provide access to bearings to improve the quality and automation of the inspection, diagnostics and lubricant change during intermediate axle box inspection, and the use of a radial ball bearing, which has axial load limitations depending on from the value of the permissible radial load and under the action of only axial load, lead to intensive wear of the rolling surfaces of the bearing and jam balls, which is the result of the formation of moments of resistance to rotation of the wheelset of the car and to unjustified energy costs for moving the rolling stock.

The axle box construction is known mainly for railway rolling stock (see USSR patent No. 583727, M. Cl. ² B61F 15/14, 1977, / L-3 /), adopted as the closest analogue and containing a housing with front and rear fasteners lids mounted on the outer rings of radial bearings with cylindrical rollers, between which there is a ball angular contact ball bearing with a solid outer ring and two inner rings, fixed as the inner rings of radial bearings with cylindrical rollers on the journal Olesno pair of bolts by means of the end plate and the rear spacer ring. The inner rings of the radial bearing with cylindrical rollers are made without beads, which eliminates the possibility of axial load on the rolling elements and the formation of forces in accordance with the purpose of the bearing design. The axial load alternating in direction from the body or from the rear axle cover of the axle box is transmitted through the outer rings of the radial bearing with cylindrical rollers and the outer ring of the ball angular contact bearing, the rolling bodies of which when the vehicle moves, transform the axial load due to their rolling resistance. The technical capabilities of the redistribution of radial and axial loads on the corresponding rolling bearings contribute to increasing the durability and reliability of the operation of the axle box of railway rolling stock.

A disadvantage of the known axle box design is the technical need to increase the overall dimensions of the neck of the axle of the pair of wheels for fixing on its neck two single row radial bearings with cylindrical rollers and two inline angular contact ball bearings with a solid outer ring and two inner rings, which leads to an increase in mass and overall dimensions of the axle box. Another drawback of the axle box is the use of bolts and studs for attaching the front and rear covers to the axle box body, which reduces the manufacturability of the axle box assembly and disassembly in order to carry out control and diagnostic and repair operations of a large number of operated bearings.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of a reliable, durable and technologically advanced for the manufacture of assembly, disassembly, repair and hermetic construction of the axle box of the rolling stock of railway transport, characterized by its simplicity of design and expanding the technological capabilities for disassembling the housing and access to rolling bearings installed on the neck of the axle to perform control and diagnostic and repair operations during the intermediate and complete audit of the axle box and excluding damage waiting for radial rolling bearings with cylindrical rollers from the action of axial loads.

To achieve the above technical result, a resource-saving axle box is proposed, comprising two radial bearings with cylindrical rollers, fixed by inner rings on the axles of the wheel pair and two thrust bearings mounted respectively on the specially shaped seating surfaces of the end washer, bolted to the end of the axle neck and on the thrust a ring mounted on the pre-approach part of the axis of the wheelset, while the outer without side rings of single row radial bearings with cylindrical rollers and thrust bearings are fixed in the axle box with front and rear mounting caps.

To ensure tightness and expand the technological capabilities of multiple disassembly and assembly of a resource-saving axle box from the end sides, annular grooves and grooves are made on the inner surface of the housing with the possibility of a quick-release profile method of attaching the front and rear fastening covers with the flange part of their surface and fixing with spacer rings.

As a result of the invention, the technical capabilities are expanded to exclude the formation of sliding friction forces during the interaction of the ends of the cylindrical rollers and the sides of the rings of the radial bearings from the action of the axial load, which leads to the formation of moments of resistance to rotation of the wheel pair, which require large expenditures of energy resources of the rolling stock to overcome them with tortuous movement when moving through turnouts and in curved sections of the track, and the use of a quick-release profile method joining the front and rear covers sure the fixing to the body will reduce the material costs for the disassembly and reassembly during repair of the journal box and replace rolling bearings large number operated on a railway truck axlebox.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which represent:

Figure 1 - design of resource-saving axle boxes;

Figure 2 - the location of the elements of the resource-saving axle boxes when dismantling the case from the neck of the axis of the wheelset;

Figure 3 - the location of the elements of resource-saving axle boxes when dismantling the axle box body from the neck of the axle of the wheelset and its disassembly by elements;

Fig. 4 is a view A in Fig. 3 of a back fixing cover;

FIG. 5 is a view B of FIG. 3 circlip;

6 is a view In figure 3 casing boxes;

Fig.7 is a view of G in Fig.3 cover front fastening.

The implementation of the invention

The resource-saving axle box extends the technical capabilities to increase traffic safety, the probability of failure-free operation and the durability of the types of rolling bearings installed in the design in accordance with the specifics of the operation of the axle box of the rolling stock of the railway transport, where, additionally, for landing axial load on specially made surfaces of the end plate 11 and the rear stop ring 5 places using the front rear mounting 12 and 3 fixed thrust bearings 13.

To increase the manufacturability of disassembling and assembling the axle box housing in accordance with the requirements of a complete survey and intermediate audit in a resource-saving axle box, the housing 10 in the radial plane is supported by the outboard outer rings 6 of two radial bearings having cylindrical rollers 7 installed in the cells of the separators 9 and in the axial the plane is fixed by means of a profile connection with fastening caps 3 and 12 through the thrust bearings 13 to the end washer 11 and the rear thrust ring 5, between which oltami 14 on the neck axis 1 a typical wheelset rigidly fixed inner rings of the radial bearings 8.

When disassembling the housing of the resource-saving axle box in order to perform an intermediate audit, the retaining ring 4 is removed from the grooves of the housing 10 from the side of the rear mounting cover 3 and, when the rear mounting cover 3 is rotated in the annular groove of the housing 10 at an established angle, they are disassembled with the possibility of dismounting them with the possibility of dismantling from the neck axis 1 of the wheelset in the assembled form of the housing 10, the front mounting cover 12, the retaining ring 4 and without onboard outer rings 6 of radial bearings. The technical design of the profile connection of the front mounting cover 12 and the rear mounting cover 3 with the housing 10 and their fastening with retaining rings 4 expands the technological capabilities of disassembling the housing of the resource-saving axlebox by elements and, if necessary, extruding from the housing 10 without the outer outer rings 6.

The thrust surfaces of the housing 10, the retaining rings 4, the front mounting cover 12 and the rear mounting cover 3, mating with the surfaces of ball thrust bearings and radial bearings with cylindrical rollers, determine the reliable tightness of the internal sealing system of the stationary elements of the resource-saving axle box and the external seal 2 installed between the rotating surface of the rear thrust ring 5 and the hole surface of the rear mounting cover 3.

The design of the resource-saving axle box according to technical capabilities is adapted to the loads that form during operation of the rolling stock of railway transport, where the radial loads Fr are transferred to the neck of the axle 1 of the wheel pair from the housing 10 through two radial bearings having cylindrical rollers 7 installed in the cells of the separators 9, and alternating axial loads Fa are transmitted from the housing 10 through the profile connection to the front mounting cover 12, the thrust bearing 13, the end plate 11, internal to radial bearings 8, the rear thrust ring 5 on the end surface of the pre-approaching part 15 of the wheel axle axis and when the direction is changed, the axial load Fa is transmitted from the housing 10 through the profile connection to the rear retaining cover 3, the thrust bearing 13, the rear thrust ring 5, the inner rings 8 radial bearings, end washer 11 on the bolts 14.

Information sources

1. Instructions for the operation and repair of carriage axle boxes with roller bearings No. 3-CVRK. - Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, Effective April 1, 2001 - 71 s / L-1 /.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 266806, 1970 / L-2 /.

3. USSR patent No. 583727, 1977 / L-3 /.

Claims (3)

1. Resource-saving axle box, comprising a housing mounted on the outer ring-free rings of single row radial bearings with cylindrical rollers, mounted on the neck of the axle of the pair of wheels with inner rings using bolts between the abutment surfaces of the end washer and the rear abutment ring, characterized in that on the outer surface of the end washer and the rear stop ring made seats for fixing perpendicular to the neck of the axis of the wheel pair of thrust bearings with the possibility of fixing the front and back fastening covers with quick-release profile connection to end surfaces of axle box body. 2. Resource-saving axle box according to claim 1, characterized in that from the end faces of the inner surface of the axle box body, grooves are made, mated with annular grooves for the possibility of profile attachment of the front and rear fastening covers having cutouts on the flange surface, the number, shape and dimensions of which correspond the number, shape and size of the grooves of the axle box body, and the thickness of the flange of the mounting covers corresponds to the width of the annular grooves made on the inner surface of the axle box with the possibility of vlyat therein sure the fixing caps rotation through an angle equal to the angle of arrangement of the cutouts on the flange surface and grooves on the ends of the axlebox housing. 3. Resource-saving axle box according to claim 1, characterized in that for fixing the profile connection of the front and rear mounting covers after they are rotated in the annular grooves of the axle box, locking rings are provided having slots on the end face, the number, shape and geometric dimensions of which correspond to the number, shape and the geometric dimensions of the mating surfaces of the grooves of the axle box body and cutouts on the flange surface of the rear and front mounting covers.

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