RU2642103C2 - Device for threshing grain crops on root - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises passive stalk splitters 8, active working elements in the form of rollers 1 with stripping elements 2, as well as an air duct for suctioning threshed grain from the threshing zone and feeding it to a hopper. The rollers 1 are arranged in the horizontal plane in a row along the front of the threshing unit movement and are oriented with the rotation axis 5 in the movement direction. The rollers 1 are grouped in pairs with the formation of a threshing zone in the clearance between the rollers 1 in each pair. When stripping grain crops, the stripping elements 2 of each roller 1 in each pair move from bottom to top. The air duct has an increasing cross-section along the course of the grain-air mixture.

EFFECT: reducing grain losses due to under-threshing and premature shedding.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in machines for harvesting crops.

A device for threshing spikelets on the vine [1], containing passive stalk dividers, active working bodies in the form of conveyor belts placed in the longitudinal vertical plane, equipped with stripping elements (pests), and also containing an air duct for suctioning threshed grain and feeding it into bunker.

The disadvantage of this device is that the stems of the threshed culture when exposed to dividers deviate in the direction of movement of the header, and then are captured by the scourges of the conveyor and bend in the opposite direction. In this case, the stalks are broken and the spikelets are deformed with the possibility of premature shedding of part of the grain before it enters the suction zone. Clipping of stems and spikelets is also possible. In addition, in the threshing zone, pests affect the spike bunches on only one side, which creates the prerequisites for a partial loss of grain mass due to under-threshing. The reliability of the device is also low due to the large number of belt conveyors. All this reduces the effectiveness of its functioning.

The objective of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of the device for threshing grain on the vine.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the device for threshing grain crops in the vine, containing passive stalk dividers, active working bodies equipped with stripping elements, as well as an air duct for aspirating threshed grain from the threshing zone and feeding it to the hopper, active working bodies are made in the form of rollers located in a horizontal plane in a row along the front of the threshing machine, oriented by the axis of rotation in the direction of movement, and the rollers are grouped in pairs, in each second pair of rollers in the gap formed between the threshing zone, the stripping elements wherein each roller are moving upwards and the duct has an increasing cross section downstream movement zernovozdushnoy mixture.

The essence of the alleged invention is illustrated by the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a front view; FIG. 2 - left view; FIG. 3 is a plan view and FIG. 4 is a view along AA.

The inventive device contains active working bodies in the form of rollers 1, on the lateral surface of which there are stripping elements 2, for which, with a particular embodiment of the device, brushes, combs or pests can be used. The rollers are located in a horizontal plane in a row along the front of the threshing machine, oriented by the axis of rotation in the direction of motion of the latter. The rollers are mounted on bearings 3 (sliding or rolling) mounted in the side wall of the hollow carrier box 4. Asterisks 6 of the chain transmission of rotation are fixed on the axes of the 5 rollers. In order for the adjacent rollers to rotate in opposite directions, chain 7 covers the sprockets, as shown in view AA, alternately from above and from below. In a particular embodiment of the device for the rotation of the rollers, a belt or gear transmission can be used, as well as an individual electric drive of each roller or group of rollers.

Passive dividers 8 are installed opposite those pairs of rollers, the movement of the stripping elements between which is carried out from top to bottom. An air duct 9 of increasing cross section along the threshing products has intake windows 10 near the working spaces between the pairs of rollers, the movement of the stripping elements in which are carried out from the bottom up and which form the threshing zone.

The device operates as follows.

When the threshing unit moves, the stalks with dividers 8 are slightly deflected forward in the direction of movement of the unit and are directed to the working intervals, where they are captured by the stripping elements of the rollers and end up in the gap between the rollers (threshing zone). The threshed grain along with the floor is carried away by the fan through the intake windows 10 and the air duct 9 into the hopper. The increasing cross-section of the air duct as it approaches the fan provides the same air flow through the intake windows located at different distances from the fan. At the same time, the same air velocity along the length of the air duct is ensured, which is necessary for reliable transportation of threshed grain. The fan and hopper are not shown in the drawing.

When threshing in the inventive device, there is a longitudinal broaching of the stem and spike through the threshing zone without kinks and, as a result, without possible breaks, either one or the other. This helps to reduce grain loss due to under-threshing and premature shedding. In addition, in the inventive device, the two-sided effect of the stripping devices on the ears is carried out, which also helps to increase the efficiency of threshing. The inventive device compared with the device adopted for the prototype, more compact, has fewer parts and, therefore, greater reliability.

Information sources

1. RF patent No. 2476059, publ. 02/27/2013.

Claims (1)

A device for threshing grain crops in the vine, containing passive stalk dividers, active working bodies equipped with stripping elements, as well as an air duct for sucking threshed grain from the threshing zone and feeding it into the hopper, characterized in that the active working bodies are made in the form of rollers located in a horizontal plane in a row along the front of the threshing machine, oriented by the axis of rotation in the direction of movement, the rollers are grouped in pairs, in each pair in the interval between the rollers s threshing zone is formed, each roller stripper elements which move from the bottom upwards, and the duct has an increasing cross section downstream movement zernovozdushnoy mixture.

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