RU2640824C2 - Method of carrying out field agricultural works - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: method includes moving tillage tools and harvested cultivated crops across the field. Wherein, in order to improve productivity and to reduce labour and energy costs, the tillage tools are moved across the field, being hitched to a flexible endless rope (chain) stretched by two transport devices - self-propelled platforms located at the opposite edges of a plot of a field to be tilled and can move along them. To automate work and to coordinate mutual actions, manual or automated control panels with a set of programmes providing a list of necessary types of work and modes of their implementation are mounted on the platforms.EFFECT: method allows to increase the productivity of agricultural works with more complete mechanization and automation.2 cl

Description

The present invention relates to the field of agricultural field work, including the movement of soil cultivation tools (plows, harrows, cultivators, etc.) and tools for processing crops from cultivated crops (seeders, reapers, combines, etc.).

Currently, when performing field agricultural work, the movement of soil and crop implements on the field is carried out by vehicles such as a tractor, self-propelled combine harvester, etc., which move along the field with the processing implement.

The main disadvantage of this method of performing work is that most of the energy and labor costs are related to moving around the field of the vehicle itself, which is always much more massive than the processing tools. This drawback is especially significant when driving on loose soil, for example on arable land, in adverse weather, relief and other conditions. In this case, significant destruction of the soil structure and the creation of conditions for its erosion can occur.

The disadvantage of this method is also low productivity, limited opportunities for mechanization and automation of work.

A known method of remote movement of processing tools using a rope wound on a winch drum, which is used when growing crops on flooded rice and other checks when the processing tool is afloat.

Also known is the cable way of moving goods and passengers through water and other obstacles when the movable objects are in a suspended state. However, both of these methods are inefficient and can be implemented only in specific specific conditions when equipping sufficiently complex stationary devices.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of existing methods, the proposal of a more economical and more productive way to perform field agricultural work with a sufficiently complete mechanization and automation.

An automated cableway method for performing field agricultural (agrotechnical) work (AKDAPR) is proposed, based on the movement of soil cultivation tools and crops across the field using a flexible endless rope (chain, perforated tape, etc.), which is stretched by two vehicles - self-propelled platforms located on opposite edges of the cultivated field and able to (as needed) move along these edges.

The continuous pulling of the rope and the cyclic movement of the processing tools attached to it from one edge of the field to the other and vice versa, their free turn around the platforms can be achieved, for example, by pulling the rope (chain) on the pulleys (gears) of wheels of a sufficiently large diameter. These wheels, driven in rotation by the platform engines, can be located in the center of the platforms, with the calculation of the stroke of the processing tools around the platform or on consoles remote from the platforms towards the field to be processed, with the calculation of the passage of processing tools in front of the platform.

For reliable passage of platforms along the field and vehicles delivering goods to and from the field in various weather conditions, temporary or stationary roads (tracks) with a coating (possibly even light rail) can be laid along the edges of the field and at the entrance to it; without him.

In order to automate labor and coordinate mutual actions on platforms (for example, in cabins for an operator-observer), manual or automated (possibly computerized) control panels are installed with a set of programs providing types of work and modes of their execution.

For example, 3-4 modes of rope pulling and platform movement speeds can be envisaged in the general range from 3 to 60 km per hour (50-1000 meters per minute). With the width of the gun and the processing strip of 2 meters, the productivity will be 0.6-12 hectares per hour. The ability to work at high speeds allows it to be carried out (if necessary) with a fairly good performance even with a small width of the tool and the processing strip.

The width of the field to be treated is determined by the length of the applied rope (chain). However, taking into account the possible significant mass of the processing tool and the transported load, it obviously should not significantly exceed 100-200 meters.

For a more complete mechanization of work on the platforms, additional simple robots such as a mechanical arm can be installed to move goods between the processing tool and the platform or transport, delivering them to and from the field, storage tanks, etc. devices.

Claims (2)

1. A method of performing field agricultural work, including moving around the field of cultivating implements and harvesting crops, characterized in that, to increase labor productivity, reduce labor and energy costs, cultivating implements are moved around the field, attached to a flexible endless rope (chain) stretched two transport devices - self-propelled platforms, which are located on opposite edges of the cultivated field and can move along them. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that for automation of labor and coordination of mutual actions on the platforms, remote controls for manual or automated control are installed with a set of programs providing a list of necessary types of work and modes of their implementation.