RU2635388C1 - Complex of navy means of digital communication - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: two spaced antennas of HF and VHF bands are additionally used, procedures of signal extraction from the signal and interference mixture are applied in the computing devices of HF and VHF bands, pattern null is formed in the direction of the interference source.

EFFECT: increased noise immunity and increased capacity of the complex in the absence of interference.

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Description

The invention relates to airborne data exchange radio systems and can be used for information exchange, for example, between airborne equipment (Aircraft) and ground-based systems (TC) in VHF and HF radio communication channels with interference.

Currently, a wide range of on-board digital communications equipment (CSCC) is widely used for exchanging messages between aircraft avionics (aircraft) and ground services (ACARS) [1]. The system provides a call for voice communication and data transfer between aircraft and ground services. The on-board control unit in this system is a computer. The channels of current information exchange are the VHF and HF bands. The exchange of information between ground services and airborne systems is carried out by the ground-based complex. He interviews the aircraft located in his service area and collects the necessary information from them. The on-board system in this case operates in the address polling mode. In order for the on-board system to be able to work in the address polling mode, it needs to enter service in the ground system in direct access mode [2].

The disadvantages of the presented messaging system between aircraft avionics and ground services include the lack of the ability to organize work in data lines with interference.

Known BCCSS radio communication system with moving objects (ON) [3]. To prevent collisions during simultaneous transmission of messages by several aircraft, the carrier of the aircraft radio signals is monitored while it is impacting on-board receivers. The state when the radio channel is free is determined. For the separation in time of the moments of contacting several aircraft, a calculator has been introduced into the BCSC, which implements the functions of a carrier frequency analyzer and a pseudo-random delay generator, which provide a corresponding delay in the transmission of messages from the aircraft. In order to make an optimal decision, the ground services and onboard information about the relative location of the airport and aircraft is taken from one of the airborne and ground sensors - receivers of the signals of the global navigation satellite system. Information exchange of NKs with aircraft is carried out via air-ground channels in the VHF band. VHF radio signals propagate within line of sight. Antennas on the aircraft and NK are omnidirectional - for the convenience of providing communications during the movement of aircraft. In this system, during movement, aircraft within the radio horizon exchange data with the ground complex. Messages received by a ground-based radio station from the air-to-ground channel through data transmission equipment are sent to a computer-based workstation computer (AWP), where, in accordance with the exchange protocol adopted in the system, the address received in the message is identified with the aircraft addresses stored in memory their airborne computers. If the aircraft address coincides with the address stored in the list, information about the location, aircraft motion parameters and the state of its sensors is displayed on the monitor screen of the ground AWP. In the PC based PC workstation, the task of ensuring constant radio communication with all N aircraft is solved. When at least one of the aircraft leaves the radio horizon or approaches the border of a stable radio communication zone, one of the aircraft is determined programmatically, which is assigned by the message relay. Based on the results of the analysis of the location and motion parameters of the remaining aircraft, the optimal paths for message delivery to the selected aircraft remote from the satellite for the radio horizon are determined. Communication from the SC through a serial chain consisting of the (N-1) -th aircraft can be delivered to the N-th aircraft. To do this, on the NK in the shaper of the type of relayed messages, the number of the aircraft designated by the relay and the addresses of the aircraft that provide the specified message traffic are laid down in a predetermined category (header) of the transmitted codegram. Messages received on the aircraft in the analysis unit of the type of messages are analyzed. After analysis, the issue of sending data via a bi-directional bus to the aircraft control system or relaying them to a neighboring aircraft is resolved. In the usual mode, when signal relaying is not required, the aircraft is targeted by addressing the aircraft by forming a message for transmission to the radio channel in accordance with the exchange protocol. The message typed by the operator (dispatcher) is displayed on the AWP monitor. On the aircraft after passing through the onboard antenna, radio station, data transmission equipment, the signal enters the onboard computer, where the identification of the address received in the message with the aircraft’s own address takes place. Next, the message is transmitted to the analysis unit of the type of the relayed message, where the decryption of the received header (service part) of the message takes place, and it is determined in what mode the aircraft equipment should work. The information part of the message is recorded in the memory of the on-board computer and, if necessary, is displayed on the screen of the data recording unit. Messages from the outputs of the signal receivers of global navigation satellite systems are recorded in the memory of ground and airborne computers with reference to global time and are used to calculate the navigation characteristics and motion parameters of each aircraft. The navigation messages received from the ground system from all aircraft are processed in the computer and displayed on the AWP monitor screen.

The disadvantages of the presented BCCS should include the impossibility of working in radio channels with interference.

Known BCCC modern configuration [4, Fig. 5.10, p. 175]. The complex works as follows. During the movement, aircraft located within the radio horizon exchange data on the location, motion parameters of the aircraft and the state of its sensors with the ground complex in the VHF band, and outside it in the HF band. In the control unit, the following tasks are solved: reception, transmission and processing of signals from the ground-based complex. Each of the aircraft communicates at several operating frequencies of the HF and VHF bands, known to all participants in the movement. In this case, the control unit performs operations to assess the reliability of the data received on the aircraft through the HF and VHF channels. The VHF range transceivers are controlled from the control unit, and the HF range transceivers from the remote control panel.

The distribution of signals between transceivers operating in the Speech and Data modes is carried out in the interface switching unit using signals transmitted from the control unit via the control bus.

The prototype control unit provides control of signal switching through the interface switching unit and setting the operating modes of the VHF transceivers and exchange of flight-navigation, operational-technical, meteorological and commercial information on the board-to-board channel. Through the control unit, the “Speech-Data” and “Receive-Transmit” operating modes are switched over for the corresponding VHF transceiver. In response to a reliably received message, a corresponding symbol is formed in the control unit in the position of technical acknowledgment / non-acknowledgment of receipt of the message. In the control unit for the ACARS mode, operations are performed: modulation and demodulation, encoding and decoding of discrete messages, and others.

In normal mode with noise-free environment, the aircraft is targeted at the aircraft by forming a message for transmission to the radio channel in accordance with the exchange protocol. To the aircraft, radio signals through antennas, transceivers, and an interface switching unit are sent to the control unit, where the address received in the message is identified with its own address. Further, the service part of the message is decrypted to determine the operation mode of the complex equipment. After verifying its reliability, the information part of the message is used in the aircraft navigation computing system (BCC).

Depending on the number of aircraft and the number of message retransmissions in the radio channel, the complex uses dynamic messaging algorithms. In order to avoid collisions in the radio communication channel during simultaneous transmission by several aircraft, the control unit monitors the carrier when the transceivers are subjected to a preamble or header (message service part). A prepared message from the aircraft is transmitted only if the radio channel is free. In order to spread in time the moments when the aircraft got in touch at the time when they found that the radio channel was busy, a pseudo-random delay in transmitting messages from the aircraft is formed in the control unit — each aircraft has its own.

If the aircraft formed a message for transmission and found that the radio channel is free, then they inform the rest of the aircraft in the VHF band about the beginning of the data transmission cycle and randomly distribute the transmitted messages. In each control unit, the level of the received carrier frequency signal in the radio channel is estimated. Then the aircraft starts transmitting its own data packet. Depending on the selected time interval for the issuance of messages to the aircraft on the aircraft location in the control unit at a specified time, a corresponding message is generated with reference to the global time for measuring the coordinates of the aircraft.

The closest in purpose and most of the essential features is BCCC [5], which is taken as a prototype. It consists of an interface switching unit connected by two-way communications to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the control unit, the first and second VHF transceivers, the first and second high-frequency transceivers, the control unit control bus is connected to the input of the interface switching unit, the modulator-demodulator (modem) is connected two-way communications with the corresponding inputs / outputs of the control unit and the interface switching unit. The RF frequency isolator is connected by two-way communications to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the first and second RF transceivers and the RF antenna. The VHF frequency separation device is connected by two-way communications to the respective inputs / outputs of the first and second VHF transceivers and the VHF antenna. The first control output of the interface switching unit is connected to the modem, the second control output of the switching unit is with the input of the first VHF range transceiver, the third output of the switching unit control is with the input of the VHF range frequency separator, the fourth control output of the switching unit is with the input of the second VHF range transceiver , the fifth control output of the switching unit - with the input of the first RF transceiver, the sixth control output of the switching unit - with the input frequency-split nogo unit rf range, the seventh switching unit control output - to an input of the second transceiver HF. The input / output of the control and display panel is connected to the corresponding input / output of the control unit. The low-frequency input / output of the control unit is the first input / output of the complex. The low-frequency input / output of the interface switching unit is the second input / output of the complex.

However, the prototype has the following disadvantages:

- the impossibility of the complex in the presence of interference on the air;

- in the event of a failure of the RF-VHF or VHF frequency separation device, one of the antennas of the HF or VHF range, the complex becomes inoperative, not fulfilling the functions assigned to it;

- frequency separation devices of the HF or VHF bands, built on L, C elements, are structurally bulky and massive, which in some cases limits the installation to individual objects.

Thus, the main technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is aimed at increasing the noise immunity by using an additional two spaced antennas of the HF and VHF bands, application in the HF and VHF computing devices of the procedures for extracting a signal from a signal and noise mixture, and forming a zero radiation pattern in the direction of the interference source and increasing the throughput of the complex in the absence of interference.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the complex of on-board digital communications, comprising an interface switching unit connected by two-way communications to the respective inputs / outputs of the control unit, the first and second VHF transceivers, the first and second HF transceivers, the control bus of the control unit connected to the input of the interface switching unit, a modulator-demodulator (modem) connected by two-way communications with the corresponding inputs / outputs of the control unit and the unit interface switching, HF antenna, VHF antenna, the first control output of the interface switching unit is connected to the modem, the second control output of the interface switching unit is with the input of the first VHF range transceiver, the third output of the interface switching unit is with the input of the second VHF range transceiver, fourth the control output of the interface switching unit - with the input of the first RF transceiver, the fifth control output of the interface switching unit - with the WTO input RF transceiver of the high-frequency range, the input / output of the control and display panel is connected to the corresponding input / output of the control unit, the low-frequency input / output of the control unit is the first input / output of the complex, the low-frequency input / output of the interface switching unit is the second input / output of the complex, additionally introduced the second antenna of the high-frequency range, the second antenna of the VHF-range, a computing device of the high-frequency range, connected by two-way communications to the corresponding input / output of the interfer UES, a VHF band computing device connected by two-way connections to the corresponding input / output of the interface switching unit, while the first and second HF range antennas are connected to the corresponding high-frequency inputs / outputs of the first and second HF range transceivers, respectively, and the first and second VHF antennas are connected to the corresponding high-frequency inputs / outputs of the first and second VHF transceivers, respectively.

The drawing shows a set of on-board digital communications, where indicated:

1 - control unit;

2 - block switching interfaces;

3 and 4 - the first and second RF transceivers;

5 and 6 - the first and second VHF transceivers;

7 - control bus of the control unit;

8 - the first RF antenna;

9 - the second antenna of the high frequency range;

10 - the first antenna of the VHF range;

11 - the second antenna of the VHF range;

12 - modulator-demodulator (modem);

13 - low-frequency input / output of the control unit;

14 - low-frequency input / output of the interface switching unit;

15 - remote control and display (PUI);

16 - computing device of the high frequency range;

17 - computing device VHF range.

Auxiliary elements of power supply, control, recording and storage of information and others that do not affect the fulfillment of the purpose of the invention are not included in the structural diagram of the complex.

The complex works as follows. During movement, moving objects (ON), for example aircraft located within the radio horizon, exchange data on the location, motion parameters and the state of their sensors with the ground complex in the HF and VHF bands. In control unit 1, together with computing devices 16 and 17, the tasks of receiving and transmitting and processing signals from one (for the VHF band) or several (for the HF band) ground complexes are solved, respectively. The received data is processed in the control unit 1. If the message is intended for this moving object, then after analysis, the question of sending data via a bi-directional bus 13 to the computer system of the object, not shown in the drawing, is solved. When receiving by known methods [5, 6, 7] in devices 16 and 17 measure the reliability of information transfer. The resulting estimate is transmitted in the opposite direction to the NK. This data with reference to a single time and coordinates (location) of the software is stored in the control unit 1 for further use in the communication process.

When priority messages are transmitted from the software to the NK in accordance with the accepted categories of urgency, in the control unit 1, a message blocking code is generated for the prohibition of transmitting other messages for the time allotted for broadcasting data from the NK to the selected software, taking into account the time of its reaction to the received message and the delay time in the processing paths of discrete signals in devices 16 and 17. The remaining less priority messages in accordance with the exchange protocol are in the queue of the corresponding category of urgency. In the control unit 1, the time for information “aging” is determined, and if the message has not been transmitted to the communication channel for a certain period of time, then it is “erased” and a request is sent to retransmit the message.

In normal mode, in a noise-free environment with the NDT, an address polling of the software is carried out by forming a message for transmission to the radio channel in accordance with the exchange protocol. To the software, the radio signals through antennas 8 and 9 or 10 and 11, transceivers 3 or 4 and 5 or 6, the interface switching unit 2 are sent to the corresponding devices 16 or 17, where the address received in the message is identified with its own software address, the signal / noise in the radio channels, the best one at a given time is selected (which allows for the highest information transfer rate), which is reported on the NK and from the next communication session, messages are exchanged at the optimal frequency. Further, the service part of the message is decrypted to determine the operating mode of the complex equipment and software. The information part of the message after checking its reliability through the input / output 13 is fed to the ISP 15 and via bus 13 to the computing system of the object.

Depending on the number of software and the number of message retries on the radio channel, the complex uses dynamic messaging algorithms. When changing the jamming environment, the relative position of the NK and the software and other parameters in the control unit 1, a warning signal is automatically generated about a possible “disconnection” of communication. In this case, when reducing the reliability of data transmission in one of the VHF channels using the control unit 1, an automatic transition to the allowed standby frequency or to another operating mode is performed. If these procedures do not restore the performance of the complex, then the complex goes into operation mode in the presence of interference.

If there is interference that can be detected using devices 16 and 17, for example, in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, they process two radio signals received simultaneously by two antennas 8 and 9 or 10 and 11, which are processed by two digital receivers of transceivers 3 and 4 or 5 and 6, which may include, for example, two preselectors and two ADCs that transform the received signal-noise mixtures, for example, using the programmable radio - SDR technology, into a data stream for implementing the spatial-bp algorithm mennoy signal processing via respective computing devices 16 or 17, respectively, made, for example, at the signal type TMS320C6678 processor [8 Radel 2, Fig. 2.22, 2.23]. In computing devices 16 and 17, the filtering separation of the signals and the shift of the quadrature to the zero frequency of each of them is performed. The pairs of signal quadrature are summed so that the oscillations of the useful signal are added, and the interference oscillations are subtracted due to the formation of zeros of the radiation pattern in the direction of arrival angles of the interfering radio waves while preserving the final gain of the radiation pattern in the direction of arrival of the useful signal, namely, weight coefficients are calculated, taking into account which are formed by antenna oscillations, according to input processes (partial oscillations), and the spatial correlations embedded in them are realized Relational differences in signal and interference, time delays are introduced (if necessary) into each spatial diversity channel, and weighted summation is carried out taking into account the amplitude and phase of the delayed signals, after summing, an output signal is obtained, which is then demodulated in block 12, decoded in devices 16 and 17, and through blocks 2 and 1 it enters the bus 13 and in the ISP 15. In devices 16 and 17, the signals are additionally processed using appropriate programs that provide, for example, the allocation of clock synchronization. The devices 16 and 17 also solve the problem of evaluating the reliability of the received information, the quality of the communication channel and sending a request to repeat the transmission of an invalid message. Switching frequencies and operating modes of transceivers 3 and 4, 5 and 6 is carried out by unit 1, controlled through unit 2 by corresponding devices 16 or 17.

The initial frequencies and operating modes known to all subscribers are set from input-output 13 through series-connected blocks 1 and 2 or via bus 14 through block 2.

The transmitted messages through blocks 1 and 2 or via bus 14 and through block 2 arrive at devices 16 or 17, depending on the location of the LC, in the zone of direct (optical) visibility or beyond the radio horizon. In devices 16 or 17, messages are divided into blocks (frames). Each frame, for example, is encoded to correct errors; at the beginning of the frame, header messages are generated that synchronize information exchange procedures. Then the messages in accordance with the quality of the channel selected for communication are digitally encoded and then modulated in node 12 and after passing through block 2 are filtered in the transmitting part of the corresponding transceiver 3, or 4, or 5, or 6 to reduce the level of side lobes in spectrum of the transmitted radio signal and after amplification, the radio signal is fed to one of the antennas 8, or 9, or 10, or 11 for radiation into space. Depending on the number of transmitted signals and other requirements, the complex can simultaneously radiate simultaneously at four frequencies.

In the absence of information about the angles of arrival of interference in computing devices 16 and 17, an operation is performed to evaluate the weight coefficients, taking into account which the antenna oscillations according to the input processes are added, and realize the spatial correlation differences of the signal and interference inherent in them using spatio-temporal signal processing, which includes not only the addition of signals from different antennas, but also the introduction (if necessary) of delay lines into each receiving part of the spatial diversity, constructed Emer, on transversal filters, and further delayed signals are weighted summation.

Adaptive operation of the device in the presence of interference consists in the joint processing of a combination of two radio signals that have passed the corresponding antennas 8 and 9, 10 and 11, the receiving parts of nodes 3 and 4, 5 and 6, respectively, and devices 16 and 17, with which information about the physical fields in real time, automatic compensation of unwanted signals (interference) is carried out, adaptive adjustment of the resulting radiation pattern to improve the efficiency of receiving a useful signal, the choice of weighting coefficients ntov in beamforming scheme. The signal is separated from its mixture with interference due to the different phase shift of signal oscillations and interference in spaced antennas or (and) bias in relation to signal amplitudes and interference (manifestation of the spatial separation of their sources), and the correlation properties of signal oscillations and noise received at different antennas. The main task of nodes 16, 17 is to adjust the weighting coefficients at which the selected performance criterion is implemented, for example, the minimum root mean square error criterion. The optimal algorithms implemented in nodes 16 and 17 provide not only interference compensation, but also coherent signal addition from spaced antennas, multiplication by complex weighting coefficients (taking into account the amplitude and phase) and summing, forming a digital output signal transmitted through nodes 2 and 1 on the ISP 15 and bus 13. For example, for antenna systems with identical pie patterns of antenna elements, this procedure increases the signal-to-noise ratio by 3 dB for a two-element antenna system. Optimal spatial venous spacing between elements is one-half wavelength (λ / 2), reduction of separation to a value less than λ / 8 leads to a drastic decrease in the interference suppression coefficient.

By the level and characteristics of the interference using blocks 16 and 17, one can judge the presence of jammers in the HF and VHF bands, their number and provide direction finding of radiation sources and display them on ISP 15, which allows moving objects to navigate in difficult interference conditions.

In addition, the control unit 1 provides:

- data exchange when working in a digital communication network of a mobile unit together with block 2 and transceivers, for example, for aviation subscribers [4, 9, 10, 11] of the VHF band - in accordance with the requirements of ARINC 618, 620, 622, 631 and HF subscribers range - in accordance with the requirements of ARINC 635;

- Exchange of air-to-air-air channel of flight-navigation, operational-technical, meteo and commercial information;

- interaction on buses 13 and 14 through the on-board computer system of the facility with on-board electronic equipment;

- the implementation of procedures provided for at the facility, for example, automatic dependent surveillance (AZN) under a contract, upon request, by event and “ATC Applications: Communication pilot-dispatcher over a data line (CPDLC)” and the display of relevant information on ISP 15;

- automatic receipt, display on ISP 15, storage of messages from the facility’s computing tools about the time of events, for example, “take-off-landing-departure-arrival”;

- automatic input and storage of identification data of a moving object;

- monitoring the state of the equipment of the complex in flight and on the ground, accurate to a structurally removable unit;

- the issuance through computing means of the object of digital information for storage in the on-board recorder;

- switching through the block 2 of the “Transmission-Transmission” operating modes of the HF and VHF transceivers, for example, by applying a discrete signal “One-time command” to the “Tangenta” control line - the presence of a signal switches the transceiver to work in the “Transmission” mode, and the absence of a signal - to work in the "Reception" mode;

- the formation of the corresponding symbol in the position of technical confirmation / non-acknowledgment of receipt of the message.

When you go beyond the horizon from the serving NK, estimated, for example, using the signals from the output of the receiver of the signals of global navigation satellite systems [12] in the control unit 1, a transition to the transmission (reception) of data from transceivers 5 or 6 of the VHF band to transceivers 3 or 4 high-frequency ranges. In this case, operations are provided for rigidly securing to each of the moving objects a set of several working frequencies at which it is allowed to work, adaptive selection of the working frequency from the list of allowed, multi-station access to the communication channel with time division in the mode of random and redundant access, data exchange with geographically dispersed ground-based complexes, combined using a ground-based data network into a single system.

To increase the range of stable communication with a moving object located outside the line of sight with the NK, using the transceivers 3 and 4 of the high frequency range, the complex uses the following well-known technologies [4, 11, 13]:

- standardization of packet data exchange at all levels of the open systems interaction model;

- adaptation of the airborne nodes of the radio link to changing the propagation conditions of radio waves in frequency and spatial diversity;

- automation of procedures for compiling and breaking a communication line with a moving object;

- dynamic frequency control when receiving a more powerful of several radio signals;

- correcting codes and decision feedback methods for receiving messages with compensation for delay, multipath, concentrated on the interference spectrum, Doppler frequency shifts;

- Linking all system subscribers to a single global time;

- adaptation of the complex equipment in terms of data transfer speed, type of modulation and coding.

When the complex operates in the HF band simultaneously with several NKs on a moving object, a ground-based complex is determined, the radio signal parameters of which are received most stably, and data exchange begins through it. Block 1 of the control stores pre-laid tables with lists of ground-based complexes and sets of frequencies assigned to them, as well as the coordinates of all NK. Each NK periodically emits control / synchronization / communication signals at all frequencies assigned to it. To establish a communication line with the NK in the control unit 1, the received control / synchronization / communication signals from all ground-based complexes at all frequencies are automatically analyzed and the best frequencies (for example, signal-to-noise ratio or the received signal power value) and ground-based complexes implementing known adaptation methods in frequency and space. According to the measured signal-to-noise ratio in the control unit 1, the data transmission rate is selected, as well as the type of modulation and coding. The signal-to-noise ratio is evaluated each time a data message or control / synchronization / communication signal is received. This value is reported to the opposite side as a recommended data rate. In control unit 1, when operating through block 2 of switching interfaces to a transceiver of 3 or 4 RF bands, known algorithms can be used, for example, high-speed adaptive modems designed to operate in multipath channels [13]. To increase the reliability of information reception, an error-correcting code, for example, a cyclic one, can be used.

Thus, each of the moving objects can communicate at several operating frequencies, known to all participants in the movement. Depending on the importance of the object, their number can vary from 2-3 to 6-8. The lists of allocated frequencies change depending on the time of the year, taking into account seasonal ionospheric changes. When moving, the object contacts, choosing that NK for communication, the conditions for the propagation of radio waves for communication with which at a given moment in time are optimal. Moreover, it is not necessary that the selected NK be the closest.

As a result of analyzing the state and loading of the HF and VHF radio communication channels in the control unit 1 and choosing the best one, the number of collisions of messages in the communication channels is determined, and when this number exceeds the maximum allowable, the system goes into address polling mode to streamline the operation of the data transmission channel Air-to-ground. In order to avoid collisions in the VHF radio communication channel during simultaneous transmission by several objects, in the control unit 1, for example, carrier monitoring can be performed when a preamble or a header (message service part) is affected by transceivers. A prepared message from an object is transmitted only when the radio channel is free. In order to spread in time the contact times of moving objects at a time when they found that the radio channel is busy, for example, a pseudo-random delay in the transmission of messages from moving objects can be generated in the control unit 1 — each object has its own. When the complex is operating in the HF communication network, the HF band message is transmitted in the allotted time interval.

If movable objects were formed to transmit a message and found that the radio channel is free, then they inform the rest of the objects in the VHF band about the beginning of the data transmission cycle, including their location, and randomly or in the time slots allocated to them (when working in the HF band ) distribute the transmitted messages. In each control unit 1, according to the data of devices 16 and 17, the level of the received signal of the carrier frequency in the radio channel and the synchronization pulses for selecting transmission intervals are estimated. If the calculated transmission interval coincides with the established sequence, the object starts transmitting its own data packet. Depending on the selected time interval for issuing messages on the location of the moving object to the NK in the control unit 1, a corresponding message is generated at the specified time with reference to the global time of measuring the coordinates of the object.

In modem 12, well-known operations of modulation and demodulation, discrete messages and others are performed, and the encoding and decoding procedures are performed in devices 16 and 17 [4, 7, 11].

The interface switching unit 2 functions as an on-board router of an automatic data exchange network. Nodes 1, 2 of the complex to increase the reliability of communication can be reserved. Then each block 1 controls the operation of the corresponding block 2 switching interfaces. When the main pair of blocks 1 and 2 fails, the corresponding reserve blocks 1 and 2 are connected to work.

Wired communications in a complex to increase noise immunity and fulfill the requirements for electromagnetic compatibility on board can be replaced by a high-speed information bus, for example, ensuring compliance with the requirements of information exchange protocols according to ARINC 664 or ARINC 429 [14, 15].

Transceivers 3 and 4, 5 and 6 of the complex, when built using the "programmable radio" technology, are similar in purpose, structure and differ only in software, respectively.

At the time of application, algorithms and software of the claimed complex have been developed. Nodes 1-12 and bus 13 are the same as the prototype. Equipment that implements the functions of nodes 8-12, is produced in the form of prototypes and in series. Transceivers 3 and 4 can be performed, for example, on a Bars-MA product, transceivers 5 and 6 on a Bars-MV product, control unit 1 on a Brik product, modem 12 on a signal processor, antennas 8 , 9 and 10, 11 - on products AKShV-324 and ASV-MV2, respectively. The nodes of the complex can be performed on other serial devices [8, 9, 11]. The interface switching unit 2 can be performed, for example, on managed switches structurally located in the control unit 1 or in transceivers 3 and 4, 5 and 6, devices 16 and 17 - on serial computers or signal processors.

The proposed complex allows you to provide:

- adaptive lowering of the technical speed using devices 16 and 17 depending on the signal-jamming situation in the conditions of intense interference with the transition to an increased power of the transmitted radio signal and a more complex signal-code design with error correction;

- adaptive redistribution of the cross-talk flow through the use in devices 16 and 17 of the procedures specific to data transmission systems with crucial feedback;

- detection and indication on ISP 15 of the use of electronic countermeasures.

Thus, in the absence of interference, the present invention provides adaptive radio communication at frequencies that allow information to be transmitted at the current maximum transmission speed at a minimum signal level, and in the event of interference, determines their presence, connects the anti-jamming procedure. As a result of this, with the help of computing devices 16 and 17, a signal is extracted from its mixture with interference due to different phase shifts of signal oscillations and interference in spaced antennas or (and) skew in relation to signal amplitudes and interference (due to the manifestation of the spatial separation of their sources ), and the correlation properties of signal oscillations and interference received at spaced antennas, the formation of zeros in the direction of arrival angles of interfering radio waves, which are fixed on ISP 15, while preserving the final gain a desired signal arrival direction, namely, the computation of weighting coefficients, which are formed with the antenna oscillation of the input process (partial oscillations) and the realization of their inherent differences in spatial correlation-signal and the interference. The introduction (if necessary) of time delays in each spatial diversity chain and the weighted summation, taking into account the amplitude and phase of the delayed signals, make it possible to obtain an output signal with the maximum transmission rate possible at a given time with the existing interference level.

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Claims (1)

A set of on-board digital communications equipment, comprising an interface switching unit, connected by two-way communications to the corresponding inputs / outputs of the control unit, the first and second VHF transceivers, the first and second high-frequency transceivers, the control unit control bus connected to the input of the interface switching unit, the modulator a demodulator (modem) connected by two-way communications with the corresponding inputs / outputs of the control unit and the interface switching unit, the RF antenna, antenna in the VHF range, the first control output of the interface switching unit is connected to the modem, the second control output of the interface switching unit is with the input of the first VHF range transceiver, the third control output of the interface switching unit is with the input of the second VHF range transceiver, the fourth control output of the interface switching unit is the input of the first HF transceiver, the fifth control output of the interface switching unit - with the input of the second HF transceiver, remote control input / output control and indication is connected with the corresponding input / output of the control unit, the low-frequency input / output of the control unit is the first input / output of the complex, the low-frequency input / output of the interface switching unit is the second input / output of the complex, characterized in that a second RF antenna is additionally introduced, VHF second antenna, HF computing device connected by two-way communications to the corresponding input / output of the interface switching unit, computing device VHF range connected by two-way connections to the corresponding input / output of the interface switching unit, while the first and second RF antennas are connected to the corresponding high-frequency inputs / outputs of the first and second RF transceivers, respectively, and the first and second VHF antennas are connected to the corresponding high-frequency inputs / outputs of the first and second VHF transceivers, respectively.

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