RU2633773C1 - Device for discharging cleaned livestock wastes to channel water courses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a pressure pipeline with a head and an ejector. The pressure pipeline is divided by an assembly equipped at the inlet with a flow divider (5) made in the form of a tray (4) of two curved closed troughs of the same length, with the section increasing in the fluid movement direction, hydraulically connected to each other and to the discharging pipeline part with a head made at the inlet, with a stream-guiding element (9), V-shaped, with a point directed towards the flow. The discharge pipe is equipped with an orifice nozzle (10) in the channel watercourse, which is arranged inside with a clearance in a cylindrical housing (12) made in the form of a mixing chamber, where the inlet of the pipe with clean watercourse water has a passive liquid medium tangentially connected by a branch pipe to the body, and the formed mixture of water and waste liquid is discharged by means of a horizontal branch pipe (15) with a diffuser (16).

EFFECT: design simplicity, increasing the device performance and reliability, significantly increasing the efficiency of the process of mixing drainage effluents.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural land reclamation in drainage and humidification systems, in water conservation measures, when introducing wastewater and livestock waste in the sprinkler system from distribution pipelines, and also for the release of treated effluents into channel streams (rivers, streams, etc.).

Wastewater and livestock effluent discharges resulting from after-treatment in the recovery fields, i.e. on agricultural fields of irrigation (ZPO), they are collected after drainage through the soil into open collector channels (in collectors) of a closed type. Then these drainage waters are filled with drainage water ponds using mobile pumping stations.

Outlets are special facilities whose purpose is to ensure the discharge of drainage effluents that have undergone post-treatment at the water treatment plant and the collection of these waters in so-called drainage ponds.

When choosing the type of discharge (discharge) and its location, it is based on the assurance that the drainage wastewater is completely mixed with the water of the river channel (river, stream, etc.). Therefore, releases of all types should be placed in places with increased turbulence, i.e. in rapids, in ducts, constrictions, etc.

Wastewater and livestock effluents are fed to the water treatment plant according to the developed irrigation schedules that have passed the main stage of treatment and disinfection at treatment facilities in livestock complexes.

Efficient irrigation and drainage system irrigation in drained soils, complete purification does not occur completely, and drainage collects water through open drains into open collectors and their subsequent transfer to drainage ponds.

Facilities for the discharge of drainage water (by permission of environmental organizations) from reservoirs are called releases. Hence, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for better mixing of the discharged water with the whole mass into river and other streams flowing nearby, mainly at the beginning of spring flood or rain flood, when the assimilative ability of the stream is greatest.

Thus, the full use of the assimilative ability of the watercourse allows the optimal way to carry out the disposal of accumulated drainage water and thereby ensure the conservation of environmental measures of the natural landscape, i.e. compliance with environmental safety of the environment and wildlife.

Drainage water storage ponds are mainly built in embankments with a large volume of water accumulation in them.

The procedure for implementing the discharge of such drainage water depends on the complex of facilities used for the discharge (discharge) of drainage water into streams, rivers, swamps, etc. In particular, according to the Permission of Rosprirodonadzor, after processing the samples taken for analysis of drainage waters, discharge almost at the time of mass snow melting in the spring period reaches no more than 15 days, i.e. at the beginning of spring flood.

With the accumulation of drainage water storage ponds, livestock runoff is not yet sufficiently purified and a dense liquid mixture is formed in them relative to the specific gravity of pure water.

Thus, in order to preserve the fauna (for example, the reproduction of fish in streams emanating from swamps, the possibility of nesting of various birds, etc.), drainage water is accumulated in storage ponds until special supervisory authorities permit the release (discharge) of such water, mainly in the spring time, when there is an active melting of snow, large water ducts gather, the filling of the waterways and the speed of the water increase, and this means there is the possibility to optimally and not upset the balance of the natural environment.

The outlet unit from such storage ponds for diluting drainage water is a complex of elements interconnected, if you just dump (release) such undiluted water to a lower specific gravity. In addition, the distribution of wastewater in the stream, for example, river water, should be uniform, taking into account the applied structural elements of the structure.

A device for discharging wastewater is known, including a pressure pipe with a head and an ejector mounted therein having an aeration pipe. The pressure pipeline has a bypass line connected to it before and after the ejector (Auth. Certificate. SU No. 431286, E03F 5/00, C 1/00 of 05/05/1974).

The disadvantage of this device is that it is used only for saturation of wastewater with dissolved oxygen and aeration of the reservoir, and it provides low efficiency of mixing the water in the reservoir due to the fact that mixing is carried out only in the places where the water leaves the head by changing the valves. In addition, the process of diluting wastewater with water occurs under conditions only through the lateral surface of the jet, the area of which, ceteris paribus, is limited by the length of the jet, and therefore there is a concentrated torch in the stream, designed to saturate the wastewater with dissolved oxygen, while the design complexity and high cost.

A known method of discharging wastewater into a watercourse by supplying wastewater to a stream of clean water through nozzles, the wastewater is supplied by a pulsating jet (Auth. Certificate. SU No. 1147831, E03F 5/00 from 03/30/1985).

However, this device is not efficient enough in operation due to the fact that although the regulation of the discharge of wastewater is carried out by a discrete jet, the jet velocity is sufficiently large and the reduction in the duration of their discharge is difficult to control, in addition, even such a method of regulating a discrete jet is insufficient to reduce the spread the size of the torch, which is carried away by the flow, since its speed is high, and this, in turn, leads to an extension of the dilution of the waste fluid (in the form of a long loop) along the length of the watercourse and exerts its influence on the pollution of the coastal slopes of watercourses, i.e. the main dilution zone of the stream moves downstream due to the high exit velocity of the discrete stream, which increases the coastal length of the pollution of the watercourse.

It is also known a device for discharging wastewater containing a pressure pipe with a head, it is equipped with a compressed air supply system, an electric power source, and the head is made in the form of a water-air chamber fixed to the pipe, equipped with a valve and a rod installed with the possibility of vertical reciprocating movement, as well as an electromagnet and a membrane installed at the end of the head (Auth. certificate. SU No. 763540, E03F5 / 00 from 09.15.1980).

The known design of the discharge of wastewater allows for the disposal of accumulated wastewater, but with all the positive factors, it has a number of disadvantages, which include the complexity of the device with moving parts and low efficiency limited by the outlet openings. In addition, it is not always possible to increase the discharge of wastewater from the drainage pond due to the fact that the flow rates of the water in the stream (for example, a stream) are not high enough, and this, in turn, affects the main dilution of the wastewater, carried away by the stream. In addition, the known design of the end face of the pipe leads to jamming in the saddle of the hole covered by the valve, which should freely move the guide rod, which is associated with the closure of electrical contacts by means of the rod, this refers to the fact that muddy suspended particles or other floating inclusions; the hole itself is oxidized and inhibits tight valve closure. This, in turn, affects the lowering of the valve with the stem in height, and thereby the water hammer process is violated due to fluid leakage, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the reliability of the structure. Moreover, as a result, the stagnant zone of the water-air chamber in winter also leads to freezing and long thawing time in the spring.

The technical task is to create effective hydraulic conditions in the zone of discharge of wastewater and in the zone of influence of the watercourse, necessary and sufficient to maintain increased productivity in wide ranges, including a short period of use of spring flood to dilute the discharged wastewater, including small fillings in the watercourse and, as a result , stable discharge of wastewater into the watercourse in the entire specified water level difference in the channel watercourse from maximum to minimum, i.e. improving the mixing of wastewater and natural waters with corresponding significant cost savings for such treatment.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a device for discharging purified livestock stocks into channel streams, including a pressure pipe with a head, an ejector, a pressure pipe is divided by a unit in the form of a tray from two closed gutters of equal length with a cross section increasing in the direction of the fluid and equipped with a cross section at the inlet, a flow divider hydraulically connected with each other and with the outlet part of the pipeline made at the inlet to the head with a V-shaped flow-guiding element with the tip directed towards the flow, and the outlet pipe itself is equipped with a nozzle nozzle in the channel, which is placed inside with a gap in a cylindrical body made in the form of a mixing chamber, where the pipe inlet with clean water of the water stream has a passive fluid medium connected tangentially to the body, and the resulting mixture of water and wastewater is removed by means of a horizontal nozzle with a diffuser.

In addition, the outlet end of the pipeline, made in the form of a nozzle with a nozzle, is located parallel to the coastal edge of the channel watercourse.

Signs that distinguish the claimed device from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions in the study of this and related technical field, therefore, provide the claimed solution with the criterion of "significant differences".

The presence, firstly, between the divided sections of the pipeline of the tray in the form of two interconnected curved gutters of the same length, the flow of which has the same energy and speed, causes a certain damping of the energy of the incoming waste fluid from the reservoir, which then goes to the discharge part of the pipeline, causing changes in the hydraulic mode of operation in it, the nozzle allows the nozzle to flow out at a high speed, and the mixing chamber provides the necessary suction of the passive (liquid) medium in the channel of the watercourse. In this case, when the active (liquid) medium is supplied, the ejection coefficient increases, providing an increase in the energy of the water mixture at the outlet of the ejector to the horizontal nozzle with a diffuser, and the throughput of the tip with the active nozzle accordingly increases significantly, since the water flow is constantly in motion, i.e. e. the discharge of wastewater from the reservoir to ensure full use of the assimilating ability of the watercourse during the short flood period is fully used, and thereby ensure optimal discharge of the storage ponds before the summer season, when the discharge of such wastewater is prohibited by Rosprirodnadzor.

A device for discharging treated livestock effluents into channel streams is illustrated by the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows schematically the planned position of the device in a general view; in FIG. 2 shows a section along the length of a gravity discharge pipe and installation of a separation and connection unit for two streams with a discharge part of the pipeline.

The device includes: a storage pond 1 drainage water, gravity discharge pipe, divided into two unequal parts 2 and 3 of the pipeline. Between parts 2 and 3, hydraulically interconnected by a hosted unit in the form of a tray 4, made of two curved, interconnected gutters having an increasing cross section in the direction of fluid movement. Tray 4 at the inlet is equipped with a flow divider 5 along the height of tray 4. In the pressure part 2 of the pipeline, a dividing wall is installed 6. The pressure part 2 of the pipeline is connected to the storage pond 1 and has a valve 7. Valve 7 can be installed in a special well 8. The beginning of part 3 of the pipeline is equipped with a V-shaped flow guide element 9 with a tip directed towards the flow (waste water).

The head of the pipeline 3 includes nozzles 10 with a nozzle located in the channel stream 11 (for example, a stream, etc.). The nozzle 10 is fixed inside with a gap in the housing 12 of a cylindrical shape. The housing 12 is a mixing chamber with an active nozzle 13 for supplying an active (liquid) medium and a passive (liquid) medium to a nozzle 14 (water stream), and the outlet of the housing 12 is equipped with a horizontal nozzle 15 with a diffuser 16.

A device for the release of treated livestock stocks into channel streams works as follows.

Treated and decontaminated wastewater (livestock) at industrial facilities and additionally passed through soil treatment at the sewage treatment plant are collected through open drainage pipes into open closed channels (collectors), then these waters are pumped by a portable pumping station of the SNP type to a storage pond 1 drainage water. At the beginning of the flood, the valve 7 is opened and, by permission of Rosprirodonadzor, the drainage water is discharged into a gravity discharge pipe consisting of two unequal parts 2 and 3 of the pipeline. With the open valve 7, the wastewater from the storage pond 1 along the pressure part 2 of the pipeline and using a flow divider 5, the initial flow is divided into two streams with the same energy and speed. As a result, the energy of the incoming wastewater is almost completely extinguished, which then goes to the outlet part 3 of the pipeline with the outlet end of the pipeline located in the channel of the watercourse 11, without causing a change in the hydraulic mode of operation.

In the channel of the watercourse 11 nozzles 10 is located in the water column in the discharge zone of sewage drainage water. A stream of wastewater flows out of the nozzle 10 at a high speed and mixes due to suction with the incoming passive (liquid) medium from the channel of the watercourse 11, the passive medium is sucked in the mixing chamber of the housing 12. The nozzle 10 is executed in a central sequence and coaxially towards the active nozzle 13 with a horizontal nozzle 14 parallel to the coastal edge of the channel 11, the nozzle 14 of which is connected to the diffuser 16, in which the speed decreases and the pressure of the mixing mass increases. Moreover, as a result of the design feature of the nozzle, the nozzle 10 and the active nozzle 13 of the ejector of the housing 12 for first supplying clean water from the channel stream 11 and then mixing the drainage water of the storage pond 1, the clean water pipe 15, which is connected tangentially with the cylindrical housing 12, after the first mixing stages in a straight section of the pipe 15 in front of the diffuser 16, intensification occurs between them, with the initial conditions for acceleration to high speeds, and when leaving the diffuser 16, the speeds drop and practically compare move with the flow of water along the movement in the channel 11. In this case, the flow rate through the nozzle of the nozzle 10 is distributed by the ratio of the cross sections of the mixing chamber of the housing 12 and the tangential supply of clean water pipe 15, and the organized mixed flow by ejection of the active nozzle 13 of the housing 12 reduces mixing losses in the horizontal pipe 14 in front of the diffuser 16, improving the performance of the device as a whole. Thus, an increase in reliability is achieved for the release of treated wastewater (livestock) into channel streams during a short flood in the spring, and thereby ensures the normal operation of the storage pond until it is again filled in the summer and autumn when the wastewater is supplied and livestock runoff after irrigation at the ZPO according to the developed irrigation schedules.

The present invention, compared with the above analogues when more efficiently diluted with mixed drainage water with natural water, can be widely used in very common devices for the production of such treated effluents, especially with the fishery use of rivers and streams, thereby ensuring the fulfillment of environmental requirements for such places, and also provides a more efficient mixing of wastewater and natural waters, in addition, makes it possible to reduce the degree of pollution along the length of the channel Respectively, to improve the environment in general. The conditions for the discharge of wastewater into channel streams can fulfill the increased environmental requirements of Rosprirodonadzor. In addition, it satisfies the conditions “Sanitary rules and standards for the protection of surface waters from pollution” (SNiP No. 4630-88), approved in 1988. At the same time, the implementation of all the connection nodes of the pressureless gravity pipeline significantly simplifies the design as a whole, at the same time increases the wear resistance of the nodes, and also leads to an increase in the productivity of the device in the short term of operation of the drainage storage pond to ensure the full use of the assimilative ability of the watercourse during the spring flood thereby ensuring normal operation at the ZPO in the subsequent period, until the next filling of the storage pond ator and the next spring tide.

Claims (2)

1. A device for discharging cleaned livestock stocks into channel streams, including a pressure pipe with a head, an ejector, characterized in that the pressure pipe is divided by a unit equipped with a flow divider at the inlet, made in the form of a tray of two closed channels of the same length with increasing length in the direction of fluid movement with a cross section hydraulically connected with each other and with the outlet part of the pipeline, an inlet head with a V-shaped flow guiding element is made at the inlet m, directed towards the flow, and the outlet pipe itself is equipped with a nozzle nozzle in the channel, which is placed inside with a gap in a cylindrical body made in the form of a mixing chamber, where the pipe inlet with clean water of the water stream has a passive fluid medium connected tangentially to the body, and discharge the resulting mixture of water and wastewater through a horizontal pipe with a diffuser. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet end of the pipeline, made in the form of a head with a nozzle, is parallel to the coastal edge of the channel watercourse.

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