RU2633697C1 - Lubricant composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: composition based on mineral motor oil with the addition of alkyl (C₆-C₁₂) of lactic acid ether (alkyl lactate), pentaerythritol ether and fatty (C₆-C₁₀) of acids (ether-2) additionally contains cobalt naphthenate. At the same time, the additive components are taken in the following ratio, wt %: cobalt naphthenate 0.5-5; alkyl lactate 10-70; ether-2 20-85. The amount of additive in the composition is 0.5-10%.

EFFECT: increasing the antifriction and load characteristics of lubricant compositions based on mineral, synthetic, or semi-synthetic motor oils.

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Description

The invention relates to lubricating compositions and can be used in the field of mechanical engineering for the lubrication of friction units of machines and mechanisms, in particular internal combustion engines.

Known lubricating compositions on an oil or synthetic basis with the addition of active concentrates, including compounds of organic origin and a compound of (transition) metal (RF Patent No. 2223302, 2004, C10M 141/08; RF patent No. 2277578, 2006, C10M 141/06; RF patent No. 2277579, 2006, C10M 141/06; RF patent No. 2447136, 2012, C10M 141/12, C10M 159/18; RF patent No. 2456334, 2012, C10M 159/18; RF application No. 2015151014 of 11/27/2015, S10M 141/06).

Their tribometric characteristics in some cases remain not high enough.

The closest in composition is a lubricating composition based on petroleum or synthetic oil and 3-10 wt. % of an additive comprising a complex of dioximolybdenum (VI) with benzoylhydrazone 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde (molybdenum complex), alkyl (C ₆ -C ₁₂ ) lactic acid ester (alkyl lactate) and pentaerythritol and fatty (C ₆ -C ₁₀ ) esters (ether-2) in the following ratio of the components of the additive, wt. %:

Molybdenum Complex 2-5 Alkyl lactate 15-98 Ether-2 no more than 80

The composition has good anti-friction, anti-wear and load characteristics, however, at elevated temperatures, its tribometric properties remain insufficiently high (RF patent No. 2238302, С10М 141/06, 2004).

The objective of the invention is a composition with high lubricating properties, based on motor oils.

The technical result is to increase the antifriction and load characteristics of lubricating compositions based on mineral motor oils at elevated temperatures.

The technical result is achieved in that the composition based on mineral motor oil with the addition of alkyl (C ₆ -C ₁₂ ) lactic acid ester / alkyl lactate /, pentaerythritol ester and fatty (C ₆ -C ₁₀ ) acids / ester-2 / and a metal complex with organic compounds, as a complex contains cobalt naphthenate of the general formula:

The components of the additive are taken in the ratio, wt. %:

cobalt naphthenate  0.5-5 alkyl lactate  10-75 ether-2  20-85

The amount of additive in the composition is 0.5-10%.

The composition has an inventive step, since it also contains cobalt naphthenate, previously unused as an additive in lubricating compositions, as an additive.

To prepare the composition in the embodiments of the invention used the components of the additive:

- alkyl ester (C ₆ -C ₁₂ ) of lactic acid obtained by the interaction of 80% lactic acid / TU 6-09-09-135-88 / and a mixture of alcohols CH ₃ (CH ₂ ) _n OH, where n = 6- 12 / TU 6-09-14-1895-81 / in the presence of sulfuric acid (d-1.84) when heated to 110-140 ° C in vacuum; the product yield is 70-80 weight. %; the product is identified by UV and IR spectroscopy;

- cobalt naphthenate / TU 6-09-1024-76 /;

- ester of pentaerythritol and fatty (C ₆ -C ₁₀ ) acids (ether-2) / TU 38-101272-72 /. The additive is obtained by mixing the components under heating (60-90 ° C).

The composition is prepared by mixing the components (oils and additives).

For the preparation of the composition in the embodiments of the invention, mineral motor oils SAE10W40 ROSNEFT optimum SG / SD (TU 0253-389-05742746-2003), M-10G2k (GOST 8581-78 with amendment 1-11) and M-10DM (STO 79345251 were used) -001-2007 as amended by 1-2).

Lubrication characteristics were studied on a mechanical friction machine at a temperature of 100 ° C. Moving finger samples with a diameter of 6 mm and fixed dies were made of steel-45. The volume of the oil bath is 35-40 cm ³ , the average sliding speed is 0.5 m / s, the loading is stepwise. The test duration is 5 hours. The maximum load (P _max ) is _fixed , to which a stable friction mode and friction coefficient (f _tp ) are _realized ;

For tribometric tests, a concentrate additive composition was prepared,% of the mass:

Concentrate 1

cobalt naphthenate 0.5 alkyl lactate 69.5 ether-2 thirty

Concentrate 2

cobalt naphthenate 3 alkyl lactate 27 ether-2 70

Concentrate 3

cobalt naphthenate 2 alkyl lactate 48 ether-2 fifty

Concentrate 4

cobalt naphthenate 5 alkyl lactate 10 ether-2 85

Concentrate 5

cobalt naphthenate 5 alkyl lactate 75 ether-2 twenty

Concentrate 6

cobalt naphthenate 0.2 alkyl lactate 29.8 ether-2 70

Concentrate 7

cobalt naphthenate 5 alkyl lactate 7 ether-2 88

Concentrate 8

cobalt naphthenate 5 alkyl lactate 85 ether-2 10

Concentrate 9 (prototype)

molybdenum complex 3 alkyl lactate 27 ether-2 70

Cobalt naphthenate at a concentration above 5% is insoluble in the lubricating composition.

The data of tribometric tests of compositions based on motor oils with the addition of the above concentrates are shown in the table (examples 1-8). The results of tests of the composition according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2238302 (Example 9) are also given there for comparison.

These tables indicate an improvement in the lubricating characteristics of the proposed composition in comparison with the known. So, load characteristics increase 1.1-1.3 times, and the coefficient of friction decreases 1.1-2.0 times.

Claims (2)

Lubricating composition characterized in that it comprises mineral engine oil, and 0.5-10 wt.% Of an additive consisting of cobalt naphthenate, alkyl (C ₆ -C ₁₂₎ ester of lactic acid / alkyl lactate / ether and pentaerythritol fatty (C ₆ -C ₁₀ ) acids / ether-2 / in the following ratio of the components of the additive, wt.%: cobalt naphthenate 0.5-5 alkyl lactate 10-75 ether-2 20-85