RU2632779C1 - Portable unmanned multi-purpose aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: portable unmanned multipurpose aircraft includes a bearing frame, screw propellers, a battery pack, a route calculating device, suspensions for fastening the payload. The bearing frame of device is made of two plates arranged one above the other, which are connected by means of axes on which latch bars for fixing the barbells in the working position are placed between the plates, two symmetrical hinge bearings of the folding chassis and four hinges located between the hinge bearings in which the barbells ends are fixed. On the opposite sides of barbells screw propellers are fixed with folding blades. To the lower plate of the frame, two parallel bearing guides are fixed through the dampers. Semi-rigid connectors are interconnected by means of beadings to form a polygonal spatial bracing boom connected by means of barbells to the bearing frame.

EFFECT: weight reduction, reduction in assembly time, increased reliability.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of aviation technology, namely to unmanned aerial vehicles and complexes in the field of military and special equipment intended for remote operation and monitoring of the situation in dangerous zones of chemical and radiation contamination in peacetime, and can be used to solve reconnaissance tasks in military time, used in real time for photo and video, chemical and radiation reconnaissance, as well as during emergency rescue operations in emergency situations and manmade.

Known portable unmanned aerial vehicle multi-purpose, which contains an unmanned aerial vehicle and a mobile control panel. An unmanned aerial vehicle includes a supporting frame on which at least six electric motors with propellers with a controlled speed are rigidly fixed at the vertices of an imaginary polygon. Diametrically located electric motors have a counter direction of rotation. The electric motors are connected with a storage battery and with a trip computing device, which is connected with an inertial measuring device, a mobile control and control panel, a video surveillance system and a data receiving and processing unit of a satellite navigation system (RU No. 2518440, 2014).

The disadvantages of the known unmanned aerial vehicle multi-purpose are:

- the bulkiness and inseparability of the design of an unmanned aerial vehicle, which in turn does not allow it to be conveniently transported and operated;

- low reliability and structural rigidity, since rods with propulsors are attached directly to the carrier plate of the frame;

- the lack of a uniform distribution of the load on the supporting frame and the insecurity of the suspension equipment and propeller propellers from mechanical stress in the event of an unsuccessful landing, tipping of the apparatus or its collision with an obstacle;

- a large mass of unmanned aerial vehicle and, as a result, a decrease in flight duration.

The basis of the invention is the task of improving the design of a portable unmanned aerial vehicle for multipurpose applications to reduce bulkiness, ensure the dismountability of the design of an unmanned aerial vehicle, ease of transportation, increase reliability and rigidity of the structure, ensure uniform load distribution on the supporting frame and protect the suspension equipment and propeller propellers from mechanical stress in case of unsuccessful landing, capsizing of the device or its collisions Nia with an obstacle, reducing the weight of unmanned aircraft and increasing flight duration.

The problem is solved in that in a portable multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle, including a supporting frame with screw propellers mounted on it, a battery, a trip computing device with an inertial measuring device, suspensions for attaching a payload and having the ability to control from a mobile remote control, the carrying frame the apparatus is made of two plates located one above the other, which are connected by means of axes on which between the plates are installed Christmas trees for fixing the rods in the working position, two symmetrical hinged supports of the folding chassis and four hinges located between the hinge supports, in which the ends of the rods are fixed, on the opposite sides of which are screw propellers with folding blades, two supporting carriers are attached to the bottom plate of the frame guides parallel to each other, the ends of which are equipped with semi-rigid silicone connectors in the form of bushings with two side branches, with one branch located at right angles ohm to the adjacent guide, and the other at an acute angle in the direction of the rods, on which semi-rigid silicone connectors are fixed in front of the propellers, all semi-rigid connectors are interconnected by stiffeners with the formation of a polygonal spatial stiffness belt, connected by means of rods to the supporting frame, in each semi-rigid silicone rod connector is additionally installed with one end and fixed on the propulsion housing with clips of two curved protective beams, each end of which It is bent with respect to the other end at an angle of 135 °, and between themselves the free ends of each pair of protective beams are located at right angles and the free ends of the beams are made not less than the length of the blade.

Since the carrier frame of the apparatus is made of two plates located one above the other, which are connected by axes on which latches are mounted between the plates to fix the rods in the working position, two symmetrical hinged supports of the folding chassis and four hinges located between the hinge supports, in which the ends are fixed rods, on the opposite sides of which screw propellers with folding blades are fixed, while two supporting parallel drums are attached to the bottom plate of the frame through dampers other guides, the ends of which are equipped with semi-rigid silicone connectors in the form of bushings with two side branches, with one branch located at right angles to the adjacent guide, and the other at an acute angle in the direction of the rods, on which semi-rigid silicone connectors are fixed in front of the movers, while all are semi-rigid the connectors are interconnected by means of stiffeners with the formation of a polygonal spatial stiffness belt, connected by means of rods with a supporting frame, in each semi-rigid the silicone rod connector is additionally installed with one end and fixed on the mover case with clamps of two curved protective beams, each end of which is bent with respect to the other end at an angle of 135 °, and between each other the free ends of each pair of protective beams are located at right angles and the free ends of the beams made not less than the length of the blade, reduced bulkiness, collapsible design of an unmanned aerial vehicle, ease of transportation, increased reliability and rigidity of the con design and provides uniform load distribution on the support frame and hanging the protection apparatus and propulsion propellers against mechanical impact in case of unsuccessful landing, tilting apparatus or a collision with an obstacle, reducing the mass of the drone and increase flight duration.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of a portable multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle (in transport state - top view); in FIG. 2 is a diagram of a transfer from a transport to an operational state of a multi-purpose portable unmanned aerial vehicle with an arrangement of structural elements (top view); in FIG. 3 is a diagram of a unit for fixing paired protective beams; in FIG. 4 is a diagram of a portable multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle in working condition - front view; in FIG. 5 is a diagram of a portable multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle in operational condition - a side view of FIG. four; in FIG. 6 is a diagram of a portable multipurpose unmanned aerial vehicle in operational condition - top view of FIG. four; in FIG. 7 - layout of a satchel for carrying with a multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle in a transport state.

Structurally, an unmanned aerial vehicle (Fig. 1) consists of a supporting frame made of two plates - upper 1 and lower 2, located one above the other, which are interconnected by axes (not shown conditionally), on which latches 3 are mounted for fixing rods 4 in the working position, two symmetrical hinged supports 5 of the folding chassis 6 and four hinges 7, in which the ends of the rods 4 are fixed, on the opposite sides of which are screw propellers 8 with folding blades 9 are fixed, while to the lower layer In other words, two load-bearing rails 11 are fastened through the damper 10, the ends of which are equipped with semi-rigid silicone connectors 12 in the form of bushings (Fig. 2) with two lateral outlets, with one outlet located at right angles to the adjacent (parallel to the guide), and the other at an acute angle in the direction of the rods, on which similar semi-rigid silicone connectors 13 are fixed in front of the movers, in the outlets of which stiffeners 14, 15, 16 are inserted (two ribs 14 between the guides 11, four ribs 15 between the rods 4 and the guides 11, two ribs 16 between the rods 4), forming a polygonal spatial stiffening belt, firmly connected through the rods 4 with the supporting frame. In each semi-rigid silicone connector 13 of the rods 4, two curved protective beams 17 are additionally installed and fixed on the mover body 18 by clamps 19, each end of which is curved with respect to the other end at an angle of 135 °, and between each other the free ends of each pair of protective beams 17 are located at right angles and the free ends of the beams 17 are made not less than the length of the blade 9.

To bring the unmanned aerial vehicle from the assembled transport state (Fig. 1) to the operational state (Fig. 2), the aircraft 21 (Fig. 7) is removed from the lodgement of the satchel with an already (Fig. 5) suspended battery 29, photo and video - (infrared) equipment 26 on a gyro-stabilized platform 27, a removable target load unit 28. The control panel 22 with the monitor 23 is removed (Fig. 7). The power is turned on (Fig. 7) on the aircraft 21, the control panel 22 and the monitor 23. Rods (Fig. 2) 4 are divorced to the sides and fixed in 3, folding the chassis 6 from a parallel state relative to the plates 1 and 2 by means of the control panel 22 and symmetrical hinged supports 5 are transferred to the working position 90 ° in relation to the plates, the blades 9 (Fig. 3) are simply straightened, additional stiffeners 14 are installed, 15, 16 in semi-rigid silicone connectors 12, 13, which are fixed on the bearing rails 11 and on the rods 4, then in the semi-rigid silicone connectors of the rods 13 additionally mounted downward paired protective beams 17 made of steel rods and are fixed on the housing of the propulsion device 18 relative to each other at right angles. This ensures that the impact energy is extinguished during a rollover or an unsuccessful landing, and also partially protect the blades in the event of an unmanned aerial vehicle collision with obstacles. A pre-flight inspection of an unmanned aerial vehicle is carried out.

The portability of the device is achieved by a collapsible design, bringing it to the transport position (Fig. 1), for the convenience of transportation in the "stowed position" in the assembled state, the option is (Fig. 7). In the knapsack 20 are securely fixed in the lodgement: the aircraft 21, the control panel 22 with a monitor 23, spare batteries 24, the charger 25. The dimensions of the unmanned aerial vehicle: length, width, disassembled height 0.7 × 0.5 × 0.2 m

This design also allows you to quickly deploy it and prepare an unmanned aerial vehicle for flight in minimal time.

The rods 4 and the guides 11 are made of carbon fiber tubes of different diameters, having a small weight and sufficient strength.

On the bearing rails 11 (Fig. 4), it becomes possible to simultaneously place on them both photo and video (infrared) equipment 26 on a gyro-stabilized platform (Fig. 5) 27, and a removable target load unit 28 for conducting chemical and radiation reconnaissance, battery 29.

Air blades 9 in size for this design are optimal - 15.5 inches for less power consumption, as they allow you to create more traction at low speeds, without creating overheating of the propulsors. Parts are mounted in such a way as to ensure flight stability and a fixed position in the “hovering” mode in the air, with the mass of the apparatus concentrated in the center (in particular, the battery 29 is located in the center).

Trip computing device with an inertial measuring device 30 are located in the center and protected by a protective cover 31.

To keep the screw propellers 8 in one plane, to eliminate vibration on the frame, the following solution is implemented (Fig. 2) - additional stiffening ribs 14, 15, 16 are installed in semi-rigid silicone connectors 12, 13, which are fixed on the bearing rails 11 and on the rods 4, their connection forms a polygonal spatial stiffness belt, which will improve the reliability of the structure and evenly distribute the impact energy in the event of a fall, save the rods 4 with propulsors 8 and the central part with control equipment.

The overall dimensions of the unmanned aerial vehicle: length, width, height, taking into account rotating planes in working condition, will approximately be 0.8 × 0.8 × 0.3 m.

The unmanned aerial vehicle is controlled using the control panel as a radio-controlled model. The range of sustainable manual control is up to 1-1.5 km. The control range of an unmanned aerial vehicle can be increased by transmitting a video signal from it in real time, and if there is global positioning, it is possible to hardly follow the device. An unmanned aerial vehicle is capable of independent flight to a given point by the shortest route.

The carrying capacity of an unmanned aerial vehicle is up to 1 kg, which in turn allows you to install various multi-purpose units on it (for chemical and radiation reconnaissance). Measurement information is transmitted by the operator over the air in real time and stored in a storage device.

With a battery capacity of 10 Ah, the flight time is 30 minutes. By varying the height of the lift, it is possible to solve the problems of aerial photo-video shooting when climbing to several hundred meters, when solving the problems of using gas detectors for chemical reconnaissance, the flight height of an unmanned aerial vehicle should be as low as possible, which again is provided only by a helicopter-type unmanned aerial vehicle, " hovering at a certain point is also extremely important when conducting radiation, chemical reconnaissance. In case of loss of communication with the mobile control and control panel, the unmanned aerial vehicle enters automatic mode and is able to execute predefined commands, and then fly to its destination, guided by the data of the global positioning system.

The proposed technical solution uses a wide range of target loads for reconnaissance purposes, including for identifying and evaluating the parameters of radiation and chemical conditions in a given area with reference to the terrain.

Thus, the proposed portable multi-purpose unmanned aerial vehicle, compared with the prototype and other technical solutions of a similar purpose, will increase the reliability of the structure, achieve the efficiency effect by reducing the deployment time of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and expand the capabilities of monitoring the situation and actions in the infected area and perform tasks on aerial photographic, television, thermal imaging control (in daytime and classroom conditions), complex simultaneously using radiation and chemical reconnaissance target loads.

This design solution based on the foregoing provides the following advantages:

- weight reduction due to the use of carbon fiber frame parts;

- convenience of transportation due to collapsible design;

- the effect of efficiency is achieved by reducing the assembly time of the unmanned aerial vehicle and readiness for work;

- increased durability by strengthening the folding booms;

- creation of a polygonal spatial stiffness belt with fixation in the working position, which allows to increase the reliability of the structure and evenly distribute the impact energy in the event of a fall, while maintaining the rods and the central part with control equipment;

- paired protective beams installed in semi-rigid silicone boom connectors protect the hinged equipment and provide primary damping of impact energy during rollover or unsuccessful landing of an unmanned aerial vehicle, also protect the blades from collisions with obstacles;

- due to the elongated bearing rails, it became possible to simultaneously place on them both photo and video (infrared) equipment, and replaceable target load units, depending on the tasks performed.

Claims (1)

Multipurpose portable unmanned aerial vehicle, including a supporting frame with screw propellers mounted on it, a battery, a trip computer with an inertial measuring device, suspensions for attaching a payload and having the ability to control from a mobile remote control, characterized in that the carrier frame of the device is made of two plates located one above the other, which are connected by means of axes on which latches for fixing are installed between the plates the tang in the working position, two symmetrical hinged supports of the folding chassis and four hinges located between the hinge supports, in which the ends of the rods are fixed, on the opposite sides of which are screw propellers with folding blades, while two supporting parallel to each other are attached to the bottom plate of the frame guides, the ends of which are equipped with semi-rigid silicone connectors in the form of bushings with two side branches, with one branch located at right angles to the adjacent side and at an acute angle in the direction of the rods, on which semi-rigid silicone connectors are attached in front of the movers, while all semi-rigid connectors are interconnected by stiffeners with the formation of a polygonal spatial stiffness belt, connected by rods to the supporting frame, into each semi-rigid silicone connector the rods are additionally installed with one end and fixed on the mover housing with clamps of two curved protective beams, each end of which is bent relative to contact to the other end at an angle of 135 °, and between themselves the free ends of each pair of protective beams are located at right angles and the free ends of the beams are made not less than the length of the blade.

Images