RU2632244C1 - Device for prevention or limitation of fluid spillage from damaged reservoir (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to devices for preventing or limiting the spillage of hazardous and non-hazardous fluids from the damaged reservoir intended for therof storage and/or transportation, and is aimed at decreasing the probability of man-caused accidents occurrence (fire, spillage of chemically hazardous fluid, etc). A device for preventing or limiting the spillage of fluids from the damaged reservoir (1) is in the form of a shell enclosing the reservoir cover (2) in the form of a bag of strong flexible material impermeable to fluid contained in the reservoir. In the first embodiment, the cover (2) encloses the reservoir (1) with at least one gap (X) between the cover (2) and a wall (3) of the reservoir (1), allowing fluid to flow into the gap (X), and provided with folds (4) configured to expand when the reservoir (1) is damaged and the inner volume of the cover is increased. In the second embodiment, the cover (2) encloses the reservoir with the folds (4) designed to expand when the reservoir is damaged and the inner volume of the cover (2) is increased. In a third embodiment, the cover (2) encloses the reservoir with at least one gap (X) between the cover (2) and the wall (3) of the reservoir (1), allowing fluid to flow into the gap (X).

EFFECT: expansion of technical capabilities, increase of reliability, safety.

16 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering, to devices for preventing or limiting the spill of liquids from damaged containers (outside the device), intended for their storage or transportation, as a result of which, depending on the type of liquid contained in the tank, fire may occur: chemical pollution of the environment and other undesirable consequences.

In particular, the invention can be used for fuel tanks of military equipment and other vehicles, for tanks with combustible, explosive, chemically hazardous liquids, as well as for tanks with non-hazardous liquids, spilling of which outside the tank is undesirable (for example, spilling water from a tank and water entering valuable equipment or materials, leading to equipment breakdown, property damage, etc.).

The prevention of fuel spills from fuel tanks during the defeat of military equipment is especially important, because one of the reasons for the ignition of military equipment is the destruction of fuel tanks from hydraulic shock, fuel spraying when tanks are broken [1, p. 111-112].

Known fuel tanks with an outer polymer layer that prevents leakage of fuel from the affected areas, including as a result of water hammer [1, p. 112].

A tested fireproof fuel tank is known (patent of the Russian Federation No. 117861, priority 09.12.2011) [2], which is a tank having an outer shell with the effect of self-tightening holes, which protects the fuel from escaping during mechanical damage to the tank, with a flame retardant applied over the self-tightening shell a coating that protects the tank from exposure to open fire.

A known container for storing or transporting combustible and / or explosive liquid materials (EA patent No. 000356, priority of June 3, 1997) [3], comprising a housing with a filler neck and an external protective coating consisting of 3 layers, the first of which is made of an elastic polymer self-tightening material and is fixed to the container body by means of adhesive bonding, the second is made of heat-insulating material based on glass and basalt fibers, and the third is made of fire-retardant material, the second layer being connected to the first and in layers using mechanical connectors.

The above analogues have a common drawback - they have a complex technology for the manufacture and deposition of a polymer coating.

Known soft fuel tank for an aircraft (RF patent No. 61679, priority 15.12.2006) [4] containing a parallelepiped shell made of an elastically deformable polymer such as rubber. The shell is externally glued with a rubberized nylon fabric, on which a light-resistant coating is applied on the outer surface of the upper and adjacent side walls of the shell, while metal hoops are placed inside the shell to ensure the parallelepiped shape of the shell.

The tank due to the elastically deformable shell has great resistance to water hammer. The disadvantage of this tank is the lack of protection against fuel leakage when the walls break through the damaging elements, as well as the lack of thermal insulation.

A fuel tank is known (RF patent No. 21111869, priority dated December 30, 1993) [5], comprising a pressure-resistant composite panel having an inner fiber reinforced layer, an outer fiber reinforced layer and a reinforcing core located between them and made of material , which is crushed at high pressure, preventing the formation of stresses and thereby limiting impact damage in the outer layer of the composite panel.

The disadvantages of this tank are the lack of protection against fuel leakage when the walls are pierced by damaging elements, the high cost of composite panels, as well as the lack of thermal insulation.

Known armored compartments for fuel [1, p. 111] with fuel separation in the reserved space with a solid armored partition 15 ... 30 mm thick to ensure fire and explosion safety of the tank.

The first disadvantage of this device is that the armored fuel compartments with a thickness of 15 ... 30 mm have a large mass.

The second disadvantage is the reduction in the volume of the fuel tank. When a tank is pierced by damaging elements, not only the tank, but also the fuel compartment is destroyed as a result of water hammer. Therefore, to maintain the tightness of the compartment, either a significant thickness of the walls of the compartment (15 ... 30 mm) is required, which is selected from the condition of providing resistance to water hammer, or unloading of welded joints of the walls of the compartment (i.e., additional complication of the design of the compartment), or it is necessary to provide air gaps between the fuel tank and the walls of the compartment, which is associated with the loss of the usable volume of the fuel compartment. Simplification of the shape of the tank (for its entry into the opening of the compartment during installation) further reduces the volume of the fuel tank.

The third disadvantage is the complication of the assembly of the machine in the presence of armored fuel compartments in connection with the separation of the internal volume of the machine by the walls of the compartments.

Known fuel tank of the vehicle, selected as a prototype (RF patent No. 2243108, priority dated March 21, 2003) [6], located in the passenger compartment on the floor of the body, containing a sealed enclosure equipped with a composite filler pipe with a filler neck mounted on the side surface of the body, and a composite air exhaust pipe, the outlet cut of which is connected to the filler neck, while at least the filling pipe and the air exhaust pipe are covered by a device that provides fuel removal from the passenger car it is under the floor of the vehicle body, which is made in the form of a casing of an elastic tight fire-resistant material not permeable to hydrocarbons, having a closed cross section, and at least part of the casing has the ability to open and close with a zipper, while the casing is equipped with a device for removing fuel and its vapor under the floor of the body; the fuel tank body can be placed in an elastic tight fireproof casing in the form of a bag made of a material impermeable to hydrocarbon fuel, and at least part of the casing can be opened and closed with a zipper, while at least one of the casing mounted drain rails associated with drain holes made in the floor of the body; cavity cavities can communicate with each other.

The first drawback of a fuel tank is its unreliability in an accident (collision of a vehicle with an obstacle), because when the tank is deformed, an elastic (i.e., not having high strength and cut resistance) casing may break against the sharp edges of the crumpled tank or sharp structural elements of the vehicle itself, which can lead to fuel leakage and fire. The presence of a zipper on the elastic casing also reduces the reliability of the device, because the zipper can “diverge”, for example, from a breaking force arising from the deformation of the tank (with an increase in the overall size of the tank in the perpendicular direction with respect to the connector line of the zipper).

The second drawback of the fuel tank is fire hazard, because there is a high probability of fuel leakage from a depressurized fuel tank for a vehicle that stopped after an accident through drain holes made in the body floor, which can cause a vehicle to ignite.

The third disadvantage of the fuel tank is the impossibility of its use for military vehicles, since penetration of the elastic casing and the tank below the fuel level by damaging elements, destruction of the tank from water hammer (usually along the welds that are also in the lower part of the tank) will lead to immediate fuel leakage, after which a fire may occur. In some cases, breaking the tank above the fuel level may cause an explosion of the vapor-air mixture [7], in which the elastic (fragile) casing is destroyed with intense fire development.

The fourth disadvantage of the fuel tank is the lack of thermal insulation of the tank.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged tank (tank, canister, tank, reservoir, etc.), which reduces the likelihood of a man-made accident (fire, spill of a chemically hazardous liquid, etc.).

The technical result of the invention is to expand the technical capabilities, increase the reliability of the device to prevent or limit the spillage of liquid from a damaged tank, increase the safety during operation of containers with dangerous and non-hazardous liquids, the spill of which is accompanied by undesirable consequences (industrial accident, material damage, etc.) .

Hazardous liquids are predominantly understood as flammable, explosive and chemically hazardous liquids.

To achieve a technical result, the device for preventing or limiting the spillage of liquid from a damaged container according to the first embodiment, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag of material impervious to the liquid contained in the container, according to the invention, the casing is made of a durable flexible material, covers a container with at least one gap made between the casing and the wall of the container, with the possibility of fluid flowing into the gap, while the casing covers the container with folds, made with the possibility of their expansion in case of damage to the tank and increase the internal volume of the casing.

A device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to the second embodiment, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag of material impermeable to the liquid contained in the container, according to the invention, the casing is made of a durable flexible material, covers the container with folds, made with the possibility of their expansion in case of damage to the tank and increase the internal volume of the casing.

The device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to the third embodiment, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag of material impervious to the liquid contained in the container, according to the invention, the casing is made of a durable flexible material, it covers a container with at least at least one gap made between the casing and the vessel wall, with the possibility of fluid flowing into the gap.

In addition, at least one anti-shatter panel can be attached to the casing for each option.

In addition, intermediate elements can be installed between the container and the casing according to the first and third options.

In addition, the casing for each option can be made with the possibility of supplying between the casing and the container a substance that neutralizes the hazardous liquid flowing from the tank and / or extinguishing agent.

In addition, the folds of the first and second options can be interconnected by low-strength bonds.

In addition, the casing material for each option can be made in the form of a combination of layers with different properties, for example, from a heat-insulating material, fire-resistant fabric, chemically inert fabric, etc., with at least one layer made of durable fabric.

The claimed technical features are significant, as they affect the technical result achieved.

When studying other technical solutions in this technical field, signs that distinguish the claimed device were not detected.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings:

in FIG. 1 shows a device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to the first embodiment, made with folds and with a gap between the casing and the wall of the container;

in FIG. 2 shows a device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to the second embodiment, made with folds;

in FIG. 3 shows a device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to the third embodiment, made with a gap between the casing and the wall of the container;

in FIG. 4 shows an option for attaching anti-splinter panels to a casing;

in FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the device with securing the casing around the perimeter of the opening for the tank;

in FIG. 6 shows the operation of the device when the capacity is crushed;

in FIG. 7 shows the operation of the device when the capacity is broken.

A device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container according to each of the options (Figs. 1, 2, 3) is made in the form of a cover 2 covering a container 1 in the form of a bag of material impermeable to the liquid contained in the container.

The impermeability of the casing material can be achieved, for example, by applying to the permeable durable material (for example, aramid fabric, etc.) from at least one side of the impermeable coating (paint) or, for example, by using a material containing layers, for example, of rubberized fabrics, polyethylene, rubber, polyurethane, etc.

For chemically aggressive liquids (for example, acids), a layer of acid-resistant fabric 06С22-КВ or acid-alkali-resistant rubber can be used.

The casing 2 is made of durable flexible material. As such a material, an aramid fabric having high strength, cut resistance, while being flexible can be used.

According to the first embodiment (Fig. 1), the casing 2 covers a container 1 with a gap X between the casing 2 and the wall 3 of the container 1 with the possibility of liquid flowing out of the damaged (deformed and depressurized or only depressurized) container 1 into the gap X. The casing 2 covers the container 1 with folds 4, made with the possibility of their expansion in case of damage (deformation and / or depressurization) of the tank 1 and increase the internal volume V of the casing 2 to accommodate the tank 1 and hold the liquid.

According to the second option (Fig. 2), the casing 2 covers the container 1 with folds 4, made with the possibility of their expansion in case of damage (deformation and / or depressurization) of the container 1 and increase the internal volume V of the casing 2 to accommodate the container 1 and hold the liquid.

According to the third option (Fig. 3), the casing 2 covers a container 1 with a gap X between the casing 2 and the wall 3 of the container 1, with the possibility of fluid flowing out of the damaged (deformed and depressurized or only depressurized) container 1 into the gap X.

According to the first and third options, in the presence of several gaps, the gap X can be different in size from each side of the tank 1.

According to the first and third options for containers that can be depressurized (damaged) through penetration of the striking element Z (Fig. 1), the gap X is made at least from the side where penetration of the container is possible. In this case, clearance X is necessary for fluid to flow out. For containers that can be damaged in the form of deformation (collisions in a traffic accident, hereinafter referred to as an accident; bloating of a container from a water hammer with bulging walls), the gap X between the casing and the container is necessary to prevent the casing from breaking due to an increase in the overall size of the deformed container. Additionally, if necessary, the gap serves for thermal insulation and can serve to increase the ballistic protection of the container (when using ballistic, for example, aramid, fabric as one of the layers of the casing). In places where through penetration is unlikely (for example, the bottom wall of the tank) or impossible, as well as impossible to deform and there is no need for thermal insulation, the gap serves to further increase the internal volume V of the casing 2. Moreover, the volume V may be greater than or equal to the volume of the tank 1 that even with the full leakage of liquid from the tank eliminates its leakage from the casing.

According to the first and second options (Figs. 1, 2), the folds 4 can be formed in a certain way and connected by low-strength ties 5 (for example, textile fasteners - “Velcro”) for compactness, as shown on the right in FIG. 1 and 2. The folds 4 can be arranged freely, as shown on the left in FIG. 1 and 2.

The casing 2 can cover the container 1 with a gap X and at the same time have a fold 4, as shown in FIG. 1, - at the left and right walls of the tank or can only be made with a fold 4, as shown in figure 2, or only with a gap X, as shown in figure 3.

On the case 2 for each option (Fig. 4) can be fixed (for example, enclosed in pockets sewn to the case 2) shatterproof panels 6. Panels 6 can be metal, ceramic, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), composite, etc. .

Between the container 1 and the casing 2 according to the first and third options can be installed intermediate elements 7 (Fig. 1, 3).

Elements 7 can be, for example, in the form of metal brackets, plates or rubber gaskets, elastic elements, etc.

Elements 7, when they are penetrated by striking elements, do not prevent fluid from flowing out of the container through the lateral gap X into the inside of the casing.

The casing 2 for each option can be made with the possibility of supplying between the casing 2 and the tank 1 of a substance that neutralizes the hazardous liquid flowing from the tank and / or extinguishing agent.

For example, a substance can be chemically neutralizing when a chemically hazardous substance is in the tank; may be extinguishing - when there is a combustible substance in the tank. As a neutralizing agent, for example, from ethyleneimine, 25% aqueous ammonia solution can be used, and as a fire extinguishing agent, for example, refrigerant can be used. Since chemically hazardous liquids can be flammable, the supply of both a neutralizing and a fire extinguishing substance is not ruled out. Submission of the substance is carried out by the signal of a high-speed fire extinguishing system and / or a system for neutralizing chemically hazardous substances.

The casing material for each option can be made in the form of a combination of layers with different properties, for example, of heat-insulating material, fire-resistant fabric, chemically inert fabric, etc., with at least one layer made of durable fabric.

The combination of layers is selected depending on the liquid contained in the tank, the operating conditions of the tank, the nature of its possible damage (accident, damage by ballistic damaging elements, etc.).

To give the casing heat-insulating properties, a material based on basalt fibers can be used. To impart fire resistance to the casing, a layer of, for example, silica or quartz fabric may be used. To impart resistance to chemically aggressive liquids to the casing, a layer of, for example, acid-resistant 06C22-KB fabric or acid-alkali-resistant rubber can be used. To give the casing strength, a layer of, for example, aramid fabric can be used.

In the general case, the container can be equipped with nozzles, necks, flanges, etc. for entering and exiting fluid. The tightness of the connection of the casing with nozzles, necks, etc. can be carried out by tightly mounting the casing to their side surfaces. The tightness of the connection of the casing with the flanges can be carried out by clamping the edges of the casing between the end surfaces of said flange and the counter flange.

In the specific case of execution (Fig. 5), the casing may not completely cover the container, and be fixed along the perimeter of its opening (for the container) to the element supporting the container, mainly in its upper part.

In the general case of execution, the opening in the casing for the container is sealed. In this case, the casing is made with an opening on one of the sides, for example from above, with the possibility of installing a container and then sealing the casing, for example, by gluing, stitching (Fig. 1, 2, 3) or pressing the joints of the casing material to the structural elements at the installation site (Fig. 5), for example, slats or pressing the container itself.

A variant is possible when full sealing of the internal volume of the casing is not required, for example, for stationary containers that cannot be overturned. In this case, the containers can be open from above.

Pipes (necks) can be equipped with gravity valves or “special elements” that prevent fluid from flowing out of the tank during an accident [8].

A device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container works as follows.

For each option, if the container is damaged, for example, associated with an accident [7], the liquid (for example, fuel) is retained in the casing due to its impermeability.

If the container 1 is damaged in the form of a deformation, for example, crushing in an accident (Fig. 6), or a water hammer from breaking through (Fig. 7), an increase in its size in any direction (the original forms of the casing and the container are shown by a dash-dot line with two points), the gap X (Fig. 1, 3) between the walls 3 of the tank 1 and the casing 2 eliminates the rupture of the casing 2, and the strength of the casing 2 and the possibility of straightening the folds 4 (Fig. 1, 2) from the effects of the wall 3 of the tank 1 with an increase in the internal volume V of the casing 2 , as well as the flexibility of the casing eliminate tearing of the casing 2, while maintaining its integrity, and ensuring vayut fluid retention in violation of capacity tightness 1.

For each option, in military vehicles (combat vehicles, for example, BMPs, armored personnel carriers, tanks), strong fabric of the casing 2, as well as anti-shatter panels 6 protect the body of the tank 1 (fuel tank) from damage (penetration) by damaging elements, reduce the probability of breaking through the tank 1 ( fuel tank).

According to the first and third options, the gap X between the casing 2, made of strong fabric (ballistic), for example aramid, and the casing of the tank 1 provides increased security of the tank 1 from penetration, because allows the fibers of durable tissue to “work” in tension with absorption of the kinetic energy of the damaging element.

If the damaging element Z (Fig. 1) damages the casing 2 and the container 1 in a place located below the liquid level, a water hammer occurs with the walls 3 of the tank 1 bulging out (in Fig. 7, the original, before the water hammer, shape of the tank 1, casing 2 and the location of the intermediate elements 7 are shown by dash-dotted lines with two dots). In this case, the intermediate elements 7 (displaced together with the wall of the tank during deformation) provide (for unhindered leakage of liquid) a gap Y between the casing 2 and the tank 1, close to the initial gap X (Fig. 1, 3), until the walls 3 of the tank 1 are deformed, including in the penetration zone. The liquid flowing from the punctured container 1 into the gap Y will accumulate in the casing 2 until its internal volume V is filled to the hole from the damaging element Z (Fig. 1). In the absence of intermediate elements 7, the gap X is performed taking into account the buckling (deformation) of the walls 3 of the tank 1 with the flow of liquid into it.

The buckling of the walls 3 of the tank 1 causes the creases 4 to straighten out due to the impact on the casing 2 of the walls 3 of the tank 1 or intermediate elements 7. In this case, the folded folds 4 can create such a volume V below the level of the hole from the damaging element Z or tank 1, which can be greater than or equal to the volume of the tank 1, which, even when the liquid completely flows out of the tank 1, will prevent its leakage from the casing 2 and prevent spillage. When the volume V is less than the volume of liquid in the tank, the device will provide a delay in the flow of fluid outside the casing 2 (device) and limit the spill.

According to the first and second options, low-strength bonds 5 (Fig. 1, 2) are easily torn from the loads acting on the casing 2 due to damage to the container, folds 4 are straightened and the volume of the casing V increases.

The expansion of the folds 4 can also be carried out from the explosion of the vapor-air mixture, or from filling the casing with liquid flowing out of the container, or from filling with a fire extinguishing (neutralizing) substance.

According to the second option (without gaps X), a part of the liquid can flow out through the hole from the damaging element Z, however, the total leakage will be less due to the rest of the liquid remaining in the casing, which flows out through the welds open from the hydraulic shock located in the lower part of the tank. Also, part of the liquid will drain along the vertical wall of the tank 1, falling into the casing 2; also, the fluid can completely flow out into the gap formed by the pressurization of the casing 2 when the high-speed system is triggered (described below). In this case, the folded folds 4 can create such a volume V below the level of the hole from the striking element Z or lower than the level of the tank 1, which can be greater than or equal to the volume of the tank 1, which, even when the liquid flows completely from the tank 1 into the casing 2, will prevent the liquid from spilling beyond casing. When the volume V is less than the volume of liquid in the tank, the device will provide a delay in the flow of fluid outside the casing 2 (device) and limit the spill.

According to the first and second options, the consequences of the explosion of the vapor-air mixture (due to the hit of the damaging element in the tank 1 above the fuel level) will be reduced (localized) due to the possibility of increasing the internal volume V of the casing 2 from the expansion of the folds 4, its strength and flexibility.

According to the first and third options, the thermal effect of radiation or an open flame exerted on the tank 1 will affect the tank 1 with a lower intensity, because the gap X between the tank 1 and the casing 2, filled with air or a neutralizing substance, increases the thermal insulation of the tank 1 and the liquid contained in it.

For each option, the supply of a fire extinguishing or neutralizing substance into the space between the tank 1 and the casing 2 starts with a signal from a fast-acting fire extinguishing system or a neutralization system for a chemically hazardous substance, which reacts, for example, to breaking through the casing 2 and tank 1. The extinguishing or neutralizing substance supplied the shortest path (where there is less resistance) is delivered to the place of breaking of the tank 1 due to the appearance of the possibility of a substance exit in this place from a closed volume V (mainly To initially sealed housing). For example, when the casing and the container with flammable liquid are penetrated through, the extinguishing agent will rush to the place of penetration and prevent its possible fire.

The supply of a fire extinguishing substance into the space between the tank 1 and the casing 2 will create a pressurization of the casing 2 (mainly for the initially sealed casing) with an increase in the gap X, which will improve the thermal insulation of the container 1. The increased clearance X from the boost increases the likelihood of liquid entering the inner volume V of the casing 2, than fluid outlet through a hole in the casing.

For each option, a combination of fabric layers with different properties is possible. For example, for transportation of ethyleneimine, along with a strong fabric, fire-resistant and chemically inert fabric is required (here chemically inert fabric is impervious to liquids). The use of aramid fabric provides layer strength and fire resistance. Then the combination of layers in the direction from the tank 1 to the external environment can be: aramid fabric-chemically inert fabric-aramid fabric. When the container 1 collides with a damaging element (in an accident), the aramid fabric retains the mechanical integrity of the chemically inert fabric from damage both externally and internally; Protects outside from open flame. When a container 1 is damaged chemically inert, it retains ethyleneimine in the casing 2, while being supported externally by a strong outer layer of aramid fabric to prevent excessive stretching and tearing.

For each option, the tank containing elements for the inlet and outlet of the liquid, equipped with gravity valves and “special elements”, prevents leakage of fuel from the tank during capsizing or impact [8].

For each option, the force effect on the casing leads to a change in its shape due to its flexibility.

Improving reliability is achieved by making the casing of a durable flexible material resistant to tearing and cuts, with the exception of extended joints that are unsealed and unstable to breaking forces on the side and lower surfaces of the casing - for sealed and non-sealed (with openings on top, open) casings; installing the container mainly through the upper opening in the casing, followed by sealing the opening in the casing (Fig. 1) or with structural elements carrying the container (Fig. 5) for sealed enclosures.

Improving fire safety is achieved by sealing the internal space between the tank and the casing and (in comparison with the prototype) the exception of drain guides associated with drain holes for airtight casings.

Improving fire safety is achieved by eliminating holes in the casing (drain guides, etc.) - for unpressurized (with an aperture on top; open) casings.

The ability to use in military vehicles is achieved by:

- increase the ballistic protection of the container with a casing with anti-shatter panels - for sealed and non-sealed enclosures;

- holding between the container and the casing spilled out of the unpressurized container of the liquid or providing a delay for the fluid to flow out of the casing when the casing and container are penetrated through - for sealed and non-sealed casings;

- reduction of the effects of an explosion in the tank of the vapor-air mixture outside the casing - for sealed and non-sealed casings;

- the possibility of supplying a fire extinguishing agent to the zone of through penetration of the casing and the tank and increasing the gap for the leakage of fluid from the punctured tank - mainly for sealed enclosures.

Improving the safety during storage and transportation of chemically hazardous liquids is ensured by making the casing of material, including from a combination of fabric layers with different special properties - for sealed and non-sealed casings.

Improving the thermal insulation of the tank is ensured by the gap between the tank and the casing - mainly for sealed casing.

Thermal insulation of the container according to the second variant (without gaps) is ensured by making folds in the form of corrugations between the tank and the casing.

The expansion of technical capabilities is ensured through the use of the device not only in civilian and military vehicles, but also in stationary facilities.

The use of the invention will increase the fire safety of vehicles in case of an accident (accident), the fire safety of combat vehicles in case of combat damage, as well as increase the safety of storage and transportation of combustible, explosive and chemically hazardous liquids and non-hazardous liquids, the spill of which is accompanied by significant material damage.

Information sources

1. Protection of tanks. / V.A. Grigoryan, E.G. Yudin, I.I. Terekhin et al. Ed. V.A. Grigoryan. - M.: Publishing House of MSTU. N.E. Bauman, 2007 .-- 327 p .: ill.

2. RF patent No. 1177861, priority dated December 9, 2011.

3. EA patent No. 000356, priority of June 3, 1997.

4. RF patent No. 61679, priority dated December 15, 2006.

5. RF patent No. 2111869, priority dated December 30, 1993.

6. RF patent No. 2243108, priority dated March 21, 2003.

7. Fire and explosion-proof fuel tanks and explosion-proof gas cylinders. URL: http://www.tplants.com/news/1232/ (date of treatment 04/20/2016).

8. Military-technical cooperation, November 2-8, 2015 No. 44 (995), p. 13.

Claims (16)

1. Device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag of material impervious to the liquid contained in the container, characterized in that the casing is made of durable flexible material, covers the container with at least one gap made between the casing and the wall of the container, with the possibility of fluid flowing into the gap, while the casing covers the container with folds, made with the possibility of their expansion when damaged and capacity and increase the internal volume of the casing. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one anti-shatter panel is fixed to the casing. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that intermediate elements are installed between the container and the casing. 4. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the casing is made with the possibility of supplying between the casing and the container a substance that neutralizes the hazardous liquid flowing from the tank and / or extinguishing agent. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the folds are interconnected by low-strength bonds. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing material is made in the form of a combination of layers with different properties, for example, from a heat-insulating material, fire-resistant fabric, chemically inert fabric, etc., with at least one layer made of durable fabric . 7. Device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag made of a material impermeable to the liquid contained in the container, characterized in that the casing is made of durable flexible material, covers the container with folds made with the possibility of their expansion in case of damage to the tank and increase the internal volume of the casing. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one anti-shatter panel is fixed to the casing. 9. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the casing is made with the possibility of supplying between the casing and the container a substance that neutralizes the hazardous liquid flowing from the tank and / or extinguishing agent. 10. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that the casing material is made in the form of a combination of layers with different properties, for example, of a heat-insulating material, flame-retardant fabric, chemically inert fabric, etc., and at least one layer is made of durable tissue. 11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the folds are interconnected by low-strength bonds. 12. Device for preventing or limiting the spill of liquid from a damaged container, made in the form of a casing covering the container, for example, in the form of a bag of material impervious to the liquid contained in the container, characterized in that the casing is made of durable flexible material, covers the container with at least one gap made between the casing and the wall of the tank, with the possibility of fluid flowing into the gap. 13. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that at least one anti-shatter panel is fixed to the casing. 14. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that between the tank and the casing are installed intermediate elements. 15. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the casing is made with the possibility of supplying between the casing and the container a substance that neutralizes the hazardous liquid flowing from the tank and / or extinguishing agent. 16. The device according to p. 12, characterized in that the casing material is made in the form of a combination of layers with different properties, for example, from a heat-insulating material, fire-resistant fabric, chemically inert fabric, etc., with at least one layer made of durable fabric .

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