RU2630452C1 - Method for pre-treatment of sugar beet chips when obtaining diffusion juice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: sugar beet chips are fed to the 1st section of the three-section scalder, before being extracted, where they are subsequently treated first with a reagent solution at the temperature of 75°C, then with heating steam. The treatment with the reagent solution is carried out at the time of feeding the chips to the 1st section of the scalder, where immediately after treatment with NaH₂PO₄ they are treated with heating steam in each section of the scalder. The heat treatment is carried out in such a way that the temperature of the sugar beet chips before feeding them into the diffusion apparatus does not exceed 72°C.

EFFECT: increasing the feed value of pulp due to enriching it with phosphates, increasing the diffusion juice purity by preventing the transition of non-sugars from sugar beet chips into the diffusion juice, reducing the corrosion and wear of technological equipment.

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Description

The invention relates to the sugar industry, in particular to methods for producing diffusion juice.

A known method of producing diffusion juice, in which beet chips before sequentially are treated first with a 0.1% solution of Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ , then with heating steam [RF Patent No. 2553234. The method of producing diffusion juice, published on 06/10/2015, bull. No. 16]. Beet chips are fed into a three-section scalder, where they are sequentially treated first with a solution of Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) _{3 with a} mass fraction of 0.03-0.05% taken in an amount of 5% by weight of chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then with heating steam in each section scalder. Thus prepared beet chips are sent to a diffusion apparatus. The steam supply in each section provides uniform heating of the chips in the entire volume until the required temperature of 68-72 ° C is reached.

The disadvantages of this method are the high corrosion of equipment, the transition of sulfates to diffusion juice during the extraction process and the formation in the process of subsequent defecosaturation treatment of highly dispersed calcium sulfate, which clogs the filter cloth and causes its premature wear. In addition, the high feed value of the pulp is not provided.

The technical task of the invention is to increase the feed value of the pulp by enriching it with phosphates, increasing the purity of diffusion juice by preventing the transition of non-sugars from beet chips to diffusion juice, as well as reducing corrosion and wear of process equipment.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, a method for pre-processing beet chips in the production of diffusion juice is proposed, characterized in that the beet chips are fed into a three-section scalder, where they are first treated with NaH ₂ PO ₄ solution in a mass fraction of 0.03-0.05%, taken in an amount of 5 % to the mass of chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then with heating steam, moreover, treatment with NaH ₂ PO ₄ solution is carried out at the moment of supply of chips to the scalp section 1, where it is treated with heating steam immediately after treatment with NaH ₂ PO ₄ reagent in each section of the scalder, while the heat treatment is carried out in such a way that the temperature of the beet chips before feeding it into the diffusion apparatus does not exceed 72 ° C, and the processing time is 20-30 s, the beet chips prepared in this way are sent to the diffusion apparatus to obtain diffusion juice.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the feed value of the pulp by enriching it with phosphates, increasing the purity of diffusion juice by preventing the transition of non-sugars from chips to diffusion juice, as well as reducing corrosion and wear of process equipment.

 A method of obtaining diffusion juice is as follows.

Freed from impurities and washed beets are sent to beet slicers, in which they are cut into beet chips. The resulting chips are fed into the 1st section of a three-section scalder, where they are treated first with a solution of NaH ₂ PO _{4 with a} mass fraction of 0.03-0.05%, taken in an amount of 5% by weight of the chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then with heating steam, processing with a solution of NaH ₂ PO _{4 is} carried out at the time of supply of the chips in the 1st section of the scalder. When this occurs, the chips are wetted with a solution of the proposed reagent before heat treatment and its preliminary heating.

Immediately after treatment with reagent (NaH solution₂PO_four) Beet chips are sequentially treated with heating steam in each section of the scalder with stirring, which ensures uniform heating of the chips in its entire volume until the required temperature reaches 72 ° C and penetration of the reagent solution into deeper layers of the chips.

Heat treatment of the chips in the scalder sections with heating steam leads to the heating of beet chips and protein denaturation, which increases the mass transfer coefficient of beet tissue, increasing its permeability. The solution of NaH ₂ PO ₄ washing the surface of beet chips, reduces the solubility of protein and pectin substances, preventing their transition to diffusion juice. Thus, the transition of non-sugars from beet chips to diffusion juice during the extraction of sucrose is reduced.

 The combination of heat and chemical processing allows the beet chips to be heated to the optimum temperature of the diffusion process 72 ° C before entering the diffusion apparatus and to block the transition of high molecular weight non-sugars from the chips to diffusion juice, increasing the forage value of the pulp.

The duration of the chip processing with steam is 20-30 s. The temperature of the chips after processing is 72 ° C.

Then scalded beet chips enter the diffusion apparatus.

The method is illustrated by the following examples.

Example No. 1 (prototype). Beets are cleaned of impurities and sent to beet slicers, in which they cut into beet chips. The obtained beet chips are sent to the 1st section of a three-section scalder, where they are treated first with a solution of Al ₂ (SO ₄ ) ₃ with a mass fraction of 0.10% in the amount of 10% by weight of the chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then treated with heating steam. Next, the heated beet chips are sequentially sent to the second and third sections of the scalder, in which they are mixed and treated with heating steam, which ensures uniform heating of the chips in its entire volume until the required temperature reaches 72 ° C, processing time 40 s.

Scalded beet chips are sent to a diffusion apparatus to obtain diffusion juice.

The results of the analysis of the obtained diffusion juice: purity 84.8%, mass fraction of proteins 0.48%.

The resulting juice is subjected to defecaturation purification. The purity of the purified juice is 92.1%, color 16.4 srvc

Example No. 2. Beets are cleaned of impurities and sent to beet slicers, in which they cut into beet chips. The resulting beet chips are sent to the 1st section of a three-section scalder, where they are treated first with a solution of NaH ₂ PO ₄ with a mass fraction of 0.03% in an amount of 5% by weight of chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then treated with heating steam. Next, the heated beet chips are sequentially sent to the second and third sections of the scalder, in which they are mixed and treated with heating steam, which ensures uniform heating of the chips in its entire volume until the required temperature reaches 72 ° C, the processing time is 20 s.

Scalded beet chips are sent to a diffusion apparatus to obtain diffusion juice.

The results of the analysis of the obtained diffusion juice: purity 85, 8%, protein mass fraction 0.32%.

The resulting juice is subjected to defecaturation purification. The purity of the purified juice is 93.2%, color 14.2 srvc

Example No. 3. Beets are cleaned of impurities and sent to beet slicers, in which they cut into beet chips. The resulting beet chips are sent to the 1st section of a three-section scalder, where they are treated first with a solution of NaH ₂ PO ₄ with a mass fraction of 0.05% in the amount of 5% by weight of the chips at a temperature of 75 ° C, then treated with heating steam. Next, the heated beet chips are sequentially sent to the second and third sections of the scalder, in which they are mixed and treated with heating steam, which ensures uniform heating of the chips in its entire volume until the required temperature reaches 72 ° C, the processing time is 30 s.

Scalded beet chips are sent to a diffusion apparatus to obtain diffusion juice.

The results of the analysis of the obtained diffusion juice: purity 86.0%, mass fraction of proteins 0.27%.

The resulting juice is subjected to defecaturation purification. The purity of the purified juice is 93.3%, color 13.8 srvc

The proposed method makes it possible to reduce the transition of non-sugars from beet chips to diffusion juice, which in turn contributes to an increase in the purity of diffusion and purified juice, and an increase in sugar yield. Corrosion of technological equipment is reduced due to the replacement of aluminum sulfate with sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and the service life of the filter cloth increases. The fodder value of the beet pulp increases due to the retention of high molecular weight non-sugars in desugared chips (pulp) and enrichment with phosphates. The optimal indicators of NaH ₂ PO ₄ solution for scalding are the mass fraction of 0.03-0.05%, consumption - 5% by weight of the chips, the duration of contact of the chips with the NaH ₂ PO ₄ solution for 20-30 s and a temperature of 75 ° C.

A decrease in the concentration of NaH ₂ PO ₄ less than 0.03% does not bring the desired result, and an increase in concentration above a value of 0.05% is not economically feasible.

The decrease in the amount of reagent less than 5% by weight of beets does not provide uniform wetting of the surface of the chips, and the increase above 5% by weight of beets leads to additional consumption of the reagent and dilution of diffusion juice.

A decrease in the temperature of the proposed reagent below 75 ° C does not allow the chips to be heated to the required temperature, and an increase above 75 ° C leads to its overheating.

The optimal processing time for beet chips is 20-30 s. When the process duration is less than 20 s, it does not provide effective chip preparation for the extraction process, and a duration of more than 30 s leads to unproductive costs of heating steam, impairs chip movement in the scalder due to overheating.

The proposed method for producing diffusion juice allows you to:

- reduce the protein content in diffusion juice by 43.3-43.8%;

- increase the purity of diffusion juice by 1.0-1.2%;

- reduce the color of the purified juice by 13.4-15.9%;

- increase the purity of purified juice by 1.1-1.2%;

- increase the service life of the filter cloth;

- increase the feed value of the pulp;

- increase the yield of sugar by 0.2-0.25%.

Claims (1)

A method of pre-processing beet chips in the production of diffusion juice, characterized in that the beet chips before extraction are fed to the 1st section of a three-section scalder, where they are treated first with a reagent solution at a temperature of 75 ° C, then with heating steam, and the reagent solution is processed at a time supplying chips into the 1st section hydrator where it immediately after treatment reagent NaH ₂ PO ₄ was treated with heating steam in each section hydrator, the thermal GRAIN Ku is performed so that cossettes temperature before it is fed into the diffusion apparatus did not exceed 72 ° C, the treatment is carried out with a solution of NaH ₂ PO ₄ mass fraction of 0.03-0.05%, taken in an amount of 5% by weight of the chips, the processing time is 20-30 s.