RU2628944C1 - Portable rail boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: machine includes clamping levers, which the first and second end abut against the side of the rail from one thereof side, and the templates for fixing in the lateral longitudinal depression on the other side of the rail. The bearing frame has a lower part, on which the templates are arranged, an upper part hingedly connected to the first end of the levers and an intermediate portion located above the rail head. The pin with its first end is pivotally connected to the middle part of the bearing frame, and its second end has a screw-on element connected to the levers so that when it is screwed, the second ends of the levers are pressed against the rail. The reducing gear is connected to the engine with one shaft and to the cutting tool with the other one. The guides are arranged to enable linear movement of said reducing gear along the boring axis in and out of the rail. The travel lever is made to move the reducer gear along the guides.

EFFECT: simplified design of the machine, reduced its material consumption, increased processability of the machine treatment method.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a traveling mechanized tool and is intended for work in the field, namely for drilling holes for butt bolts and plugs of rail connectors in volume-hardened, alloyed and conventional rails.

BACKGROUND

From the material posted on the Internet at http://www.kalugatransmash.ru/isver.htm#str3drs, the rail-boring machine STRZ-RS is known, which includes an internal combustion engine, gearbox, rail clip with a pair of internal ones, on the spindle side , stops with a removable template on each stop, lever grip with rollers, block rotation and movement of the spindle. The screw clamp is placed on the outside of the clamp opposite the spindle and is made with a pushing screw, both eyes of which are rigidly fixed. Thus, the machine is deprived of a quick-detachable clamp connection, which significantly increases the preparation time for a working operation. Linear movement is realized by rack and pinion transmission, which negatively affects the smoothness of the linear spindle stroke. The machine has no handles for transporting the machine by the operator, despite the fact that the declared weight of the machine is 27 kilograms. These shortcomings suggest severe operating conditions and reduce the efficiency of use.

From the material on the Internet, available at http://www.zaogdt.ru/catalog.php?iID=35, the rail-boring machine MCP1N is known, which also lacks a quick-detachable clamp connection, since the machine is mounted on a rail exclusively with a screw pushing leverage. The feed is carried out by a rack and pinion mechanism. The stroke is limited to 50 millimeters. The weight of the machine exceeds 21 kilograms, which negatively affects mobility and complicates operation. As a result, transportation and preparation for work takes considerable time.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a rail drilling machine from US Pat. No. 5,632,577, which includes an engine (electric or ICE), a gearbox, a rail clamp with an internal stop-template, a lever grip, a spindle rotating in a slider that provides linear movement by means of a gear gearing with the feed lever. The screw clamp is located on the inside of the clamp and is made with a pushing screw. The quick-detachable connection is ensured by a loose fit of the tightening stud in the abutment of the bearing (fixed) wall, and pushing the lever by means of a nut in the rail gripping lever. It should be noted that the use of the pushing stud does not provide reliable fixation, due to the fact that the stud experiences compressive stress during operation and, under sufficient load, can change its shape from straightforward, and thereby weaken the tightening force of the rail. In addition, the quick-release mechanism is non-ergonomic and requires some skill from the operator to quickly return the stud to the support of the bearing wall. The coolant supply system consists of a fitting, a conductive channel and a hollow tube fixedly fixed in the gear housing. The latter is connected to the spindle housing of the machine. 2 rubber seals are used to seal the joint. If the seal cannot fulfill the function of separating internal volumes due to wear or damage, the coolant will enter the gearbox chamber filled with oil, which is considered unacceptable. Rack feed reduces spindle smoothness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the present invention is to overcome the above disadvantages, to increase the efficiency of the machine, its ergonomics, to improve operational characteristics.

The technical result provided by using the invention consists in simplifying the design of the machine, in reducing its material consumption, increasing the manufacturability of the method carried out using the machine. This is manifested, in particular, in reducing the time for carrying out work operations, in reducing the weight and dimensions of equipment carried by the operator, in increasing the reliability of installation with a reduced preparation time.

The above problem is solved due to the fact that the portable rail-boring machine contains:

clamping levers (7) having a first end and a second end for abutting against the side of the rail on one side thereof,

templates (6) having a shape providing fixation in a lateral longitudinal depression on the other side of said rail,

a supporting frame (12) having a lower part, on the inside of which said patterns are located, an upper part pivotally connected to the first end of said levers (7), and a middle part located between said lower and upper parts above the head of said rail,

the pin (9) with its first end is pivotally connected to the said middle part of the supporting frame (12), while its second end is provided with a screw element made with the possibility of acting on the said levers (7) so that when the said element is screwed on, the second ends of the levers ( 7) are pressed against said rail,

engine (5),

a gearbox, one shaft of which is connected to the aforementioned engine (5), and the other serves to transmit torque to the cutting tool,

guides (14, 15), configured to provide linear movement of said gear along the drilling axis in and out of the rail,

a travel lever (18) adapted to move said gear along said guides.

Hereinafter, it should be understood that although the device is described with reference to its specific location in space and / or to a specific location in space of its individual elements and parts (using terms such as “top”, “bottom”, “forward”, "Back", "in", "out", "along", "upper part", "lower part", "middle part" and the like) and / or with reference to the workpiece, a rail that is not part of the machine, this is done for brevity and clarity only, and these instructions should not it shall be regarded as restricting the subject of legal protection and / or excluding from protection those cases of using the machine in which it is located in a space other than described in this text, and / or is separated from the workpiece, and / or is located in disassembled state in the form of a set of parts for the manufacture of the machine.

At least one of the aforementioned rails with one of its ends can be connected to the aforementioned frame (12), and the other with the aforementioned gearbox, and the other with at least one of its ends connected to the housing

The aforementioned engine (5) may be a gasoline engine.

The above patterns (6) can be made replaceable.

The above patterns (6) can be installed in pairs consisting of an upper pattern, the outer surface of which follows the shape of the upper part of the longitudinal recess of the aforementioned rail, and a lower template, the outer surface of which repeats the shape of the lower part of the longitudinal recess of the aforementioned rail.

The aforementioned first end of the stud (9) can be connected to the middle part of the aforementioned carcass (12) by means of a rod, the ends of which are pivotally mounted in an eye (11) made in the aforementioned carcass (12), while the screw element mounted on the second end of the stud ( 9), acts on the levers (7) through the crossbar (10), the ends of which are made with the possibility of movement on the outer surface of the aforementioned levers (7).

The aforementioned levers (7) can be connected to the aforementioned frame (12) by means of springs (13) so that when moving the aforementioned screw element from the rail (up), the second ends of the aforementioned levers (7) are removed from the aforementioned side surface of the rail.

The aforementioned travel lever (18) may be a two-arm lever pivotally connected to the aforementioned frame (12) by a first hinge and to the aforementioned gearbox by a second hinge so that when the free shoulder of the said lever is rotated relative to the first hinge, the other end of the lever through the second the hinge provides the aforementioned gear with translational motion along the drilling axis.

The above-mentioned guides (14, 15) can be cylindrical guides, or roller guides, or ball guides, or rail guides, or profile X-shaped guides, or profile O-shaped guides, or rack guides.

The above linear guides may include linear bearings made in the form of bushings or carriages.

The machine may contain a lubricant-coolant supply chamber (3).

The aforementioned chamber may be integrated in the aforementioned gearbox and configured to supply coolant to the machine spindle; wherein said chamber is separated from the cavity of the gearbox, filled with gear oil, by means of two independent reinforced cuffs made of rubber.

You must understand that in the present text the machine is characterized only by such signs that are sufficient to solve the task, implement the purpose and achieve the selected technical result; special mention of all the features and utilitarian characteristics of the machine without exception is not required if specialists should be aware that machines of the same kind possess such features and utilitarian characteristics and without them the main purpose cannot be realized; all the more, it is not necessary to limit the generalized features to any specific options, if such should be known to specialists and (or) can be selected according to known rules.

The design and use of the machine is clearly illustrated by figures 1-4 on the example of private and specific embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In FIG. 1 shows a machine gearbox.

In FIG. 2 shows the proposed machine tool with a rail.

In FIG. 3 shows a side view of a machine tool with a rail.

In FIG. 4 shows the proposed machine without rail.

In FIG. 5 shows a machine with an open clamping device before it is fixed on a rail.

In FIG. 6 shows the travel lever.

In FIG. 7 shows the stages of the drilling process (A, B and C).

In FIG. Figure 8 shows the transformation of plane-parallel movement of the lever into the rectilinear movement of the gearbox through the guide rails of the levers.

In figures 1-8, the following notation:

1 - driven coupling half,

2 - output shaft,

3 - chamber supplying cutting fluid (coolant),

4 - two independent rubber reinforced cuffs,

5 - gasoline engine,

6 - templates,

7 - clamping levers,

8 - rollers,

9 - threaded rod,

10 - crossbar,

11 - eye

12 - supporting frame

13 - spring

14 - centering guide,

15 - linear, cylindrical guides,

16 - linear bearings, ball

17 - linear sliding bearing

18 - chassis lever,

19 - the axis of the levers,

20 - guide rails,

21 - additional handle for manual transportation of the machine by the operator, in the folded position,

22 - locking fingers,

23 - drum

24 - traction

25 - spring

26 - drum shaft,

27 - petal lever.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

As shown in FIG. 1-4, the rail boring machine comprises a gasoline two-stroke engine (5) with a centrifugal clutch. The gearbox, which receives the moment from the engine (5) by means of the driven coupling half (1), has an output shaft (2), which is the holder of the cutting tool. A lubricant-coolant supply chamber (3) (coolant) is integrated directly into the gearbox directly into the machine spindle. This chamber is separated from the cavity of the gearbox, filled with gear oil, two independent rubber reinforced cuffs (4). Thus, in case of coolant leakage from the chamber, the possibility of its getting into the gearbox is excluded. The machine also contains a supporting frame connecting the engine, gearbox and device for fixing the machine to the rail. The proposed machine has the ability to quickly install and remove by means of interchangeable templates (6) installed on the spindle side, and a pair of clamping levers (7) with rollers (8) located on the opposite side. The levers are tightened by means of a threaded rod (9) through the crossbar (10) connecting the levers. The crossbar in the free state moves along the guide groove on the levers. The pin is screwed into the eye (11), which rotates freely in the walls of the frame (12). The levers (7) under the action of the springs (13) rise from the rail, releasing it. Cylindrical linear guides (15) are mounted in the frame, along which a gear motor with a spindle and a cutting tool is fed. To do this, use linear ball bearings (16) installed in the gear housing. One guide (14), which is the centering, is installed in the gearbox and moves in the linear sliding bearing (17). Tool feed up to 60 mm allows drilling crane rails up to and including KR120. The tool travels through the lever (18). The pivot points are connected through the axis of the levers (19) in the gear housing. Points of application of forces are the guide rails (20) in the walls of the frame, which move along the grooves of the lever. Consequently, the lever performs plane-parallel, and the spindle translational motion relative to the supporting frame. Such a lever system gives a smooth stroke of the tool with an increase in effort to 30% of the initial, proportional to the movement, and also allows you to drill holes without intercepting the handle. A locking mechanism is implemented in the lever housing, which stops the stroke in two extreme positions, in order to prevent arbitrary movement of the gear motor relative to the frame during transportation and installation on the rail. The locking fingers (22) are pulled into the lever housing by the drum (23) by means of rods (24), and are pushed out under the action of the springs (25). The rotation of the drum is carried out by the petal lever (27) on the lever handle through the shaft of the drum (26). Also on the lever is an additional handle (21), which is used for manual transportation of the machine by the operator in the folded position.

The prototype made according to the present invention has a mass of 14 kg, overall dimensions 0.71 × 0.5 × 0.25 m, driven by a 1250 W gasoline engine, with a nominal spindle speed of 380 rpm. Tests of the prototype of the machine showed its performance. The time of drilling a hole in a P65 rail with a core drill with a diameter of 36 mm is not more than 40 s.

The proposed machine operates as follows. The ejector pin is installed through the hole in the shank of the core drill. The ejector pin is used to center the drill and to remove the core upon completion of drilling. It has a flat side, along which coolant enters the center of the drill. The drill in the spindle is fixed with locking screws so that the slots are opposite them. The connection of the coolant reservoir and the spindle receiving nozzle is carried out by means of a connector. Thrust patterns corresponding to the type of rail are installed. Having unscrewed the clamping screw, it is necessary to put it in the upper position. To fix the machine on a rail, it is necessary to press it with templates to the rail neck and lower the screw. If the levers already touch the rail and prevent the screw from taking the working position, loosen the screw. Then it is necessary to tighten the screw so that the machine is securely fastened. Then starts the gasoline engine. The speed is regulated by the throttle stick. Upon completion of the preparation, the hole is drilled by moving the travel lever. Previously, the lever is released by removing the locking fingers from the grooves in the walls of the frame using the tab lever on the handle of the travel lever. Dismantling occurs in the reverse order. To remove the machine from the rail, 4-5 turns of the screw for opening the levers are enough.

Claims (19)

1. A portable rail drilling machine comprising a motor (5) and a spindle with a cutting tool, characterized in that it is equipped clamping levers (7), the first end and the second end of which is made with the possibility of abutment in the side of the rail on one side, templates (6) made to ensure fixation in the lateral longitudinal depression on the other side of the rail being processed, a supporting frame (12) having a lower part, on the inside of which said patterns are located, an upper part pivotally connected to the first end of said clamping levers (7), and a middle part located between said lower and upper parts for its placement above the rail head , a pin (9), its first end pivotally connected to the said middle part of the supporting frame (12), while its second end is made with a screw element connected to the said levers (7) in such a way that when the said element is screwed on, the second ends of the levers (7) ) are pressed to the processed rail, a gearbox, one shaft of which is connected to the aforementioned engine (5), and the other is designed to transmit torque to the cutting tool, guides (14, 15) configured to provide linear movement of said gear along the drilling axis in and out of the rail, and a travel lever (18) configured to move said gear along said guides. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the said rails is connected at one end to the supporting frame (12), and at the other - to said gear, and the other - at least one of its ends connected to the gear housing . 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a gasoline engine is used as the engine (5). 4. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the said patterns (6) are replaceable. 5. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the said patterns (6) are installed in pairs consisting of an upper template, the outer surface repeats the shape of the upper part of the longitudinal recess of the processed rail, and the lower template, the external surface of which repeats the shape of the lower part of the longitudinal recess of the rail . 6. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stud (9) is connected with its first end to the middle part of the supporting frame (12) by means of a rod whose ends are pivotally mounted in an eye (11) made in the said frame (12), when this screw element at the second end of the stud (9) acts on the levers (7) through the crossbar (10), the ends of which are made with the possibility of movement on the outer surface of the said levers (7). 7. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the said levers (7) are connected to the supporting frame (12) by means of springs (13) so that when the screw element is moved upward from the rail, the second ends of the levers (7) are removed from side surface of the rail. 8. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that said travel lever (18) is made in the form of a two-shouldered lever pivotally connected to a supporting frame (12) by means of a first hinge and to said gearbox by a second hinge in such a way that when turning the free shoulder said lever relative to said first hinge, the other end of the lever through said second hinge tells the gearbox translational movement along the drilling axis. 9. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the said guides (14, 15) are made in the form of cylindrical, roller, ball, rail, profile X-shaped, profile O-shaped or rack guides. 10. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guides are provided with linear bearings in the form of bushings or carriages. 11. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a lubricant-coolant supply chamber (3). 12. The machine according to claim 11, characterized in that said chamber is configured to be embedded in said gearbox and supply coolant to the machine spindle and is separated from the gearbox cavity filled with gear oil with two independent reinforced rubber cuffs.

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