RU2625135C1 - Method of steam start of anti-aircraft missiles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: method of pairing the anti-aircraft missiles involves launching the first anti-radar missile aimed at the radar of an enemy aircraft or on its signature from an alien radar flying along a preemptive intersecting trajectory, and then with a break following it the launch of a second missile with an infrared homing head aimed at an anti-radar nozzle rocket. The speed of an anti-radar rocket is equal to or greater than that of a missile with infrared homing. The anti-radar missile is equipped with an autopilot, automatically activated when the target is lost. A lithium or copper powder and / or a lithium or copper compound, for example lithium nitrate, lithium borohydride, are added to the fuel of the anti-radar rocket. The anti-radar missile has a radio receiver with a level meter of the received signal, and data on this level before the launch are output to the operator's launcher or to an automatic launch device. The missile with infrared homing has a gyroscope to keep the horizontal, and the homing head of this missile is placed with a slope downward.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to increase the probability of defeat of the target.

6 cl

Description

The invention relates to anti-aircraft missiles, mainly to portable anti-aircraft missile systems (MANPADS).

There is a method of pair launching missiles with passive radar guidance, used on the MIG-25 fighter to increase the likelihood of hitting a target. But in this case, the missiles acted independently, that is, the launch of one, two or three missiles was such that the work of the missiles was not interconnected.

The objective and technical result of this embodiment of the invention is to increase the range and likelihood of aircraft damage.

To do this, the weapon contains two missiles - anti-radar (with passive guidance on the source of radio emission) and infrared guidance (with infrared homing or thermal imager).

The way to use this weapon is that the anti-radar missile is launched first, and then with some interruption, an infrared homing missile is launched, aimed at the nozzle of the anti-radar missile.

Of course, at the same time, the speed of the anti-radar missile should be equal to or slightly higher than that of an infrared homing missile. This condition, when the hulls and engines of the rockets are identical, is fulfilled “automatically” - the radar radar fairing has a better aerodynamic shape than the radar radar with infrared homing.

It is desirable that the sensitivity of the anti-radar missile allows the detection of radio emission reflected from the target when it is irradiated, for example, with a long-range radar detection aircraft. This would make it possible to intercept cruise missiles and aircraft with idle radar. Of course, it would be better if the rocket could aim at the target in active radar mode, but then the size of the rocket will turn out to be too large.

I washed off such a pair start-up in that the detection range of the anti-radar missile was greater than that of the infrared, especially in bad weather conditions: fog, cloudiness, rain, snow, smoke. In this case, an anti-radar missile flies to a working radar of an enemy aircraft, and if sensitivity allows it, to a signal from a certain radar reflected from the target, and this must be done along an intersecting trajectory (this is best organized according to Patent No. 2400590). That is, an anti-radar missile, as it were, brings an infrared-guided missile to such a distance that it can capture the target as an infrared radiation source of the corresponding spectrum.

But the enemy fighter, having detected the approach of missiles, can turn off the radar (at least its active mode). To ensure that the anti-radar missile does not go aside, it is equipped with an autopilot that automatically turns on when the target is lost.

If the anti-radar missile loses its target, the infrared-guided missile should not perceive its nozzle as the main target, so that when an infrared target with the desired spectral range (i.e., an enemy aircraft) appears, it will automatically redirect. For this, the anti-radar missile nozzle is specially assigned a radiation spectrum that is not characteristic of a real aircraft, for example, giving the torch an engine a blue or green hue. To do this, lithium or copper powder or another substance with a blue-green spectrum of thermal radiation is added to the fuel of the anti-radar missile. Or a compound of lithium, copper and the like, for example lithium nitrate, lithium borohydride and the like.

To independently determine the approximate range to the target, the anti-radar missile has a radio receiver with a meter for the level of the received signal, and data about this level is output to the operator’s launch device or automatic launch device before launch. This receiver is not an additional anti-radar missile device, but is its regular receiver. Additional is only a device for outputting a received signal to a starting device.

The weapon works like this: for example, in the conditions of a practical lack of visual visibility (fog, etc.), the MANPADS operator discovered a radio emission source in the right frequency range with the right modulation. Having determined the level of the received signal, the operator can approximately determine the distance to the emitter (in the case of a reflected signal, this is difficult, since the target signature is not known). That is, the operator can determine whether the target is in the affected area or whether it is beyond. It is even more reliable if the operator receives intelligence about this on their launch information tablet.

Then the operator launches an anti-radar missile on the target (for example, on the basis of the Verba MANPADS). After 1-4 seconds, the second operator launches the Willow rocket or the like after it. The “Verba” rocket flies on the torch of an anti-radar missile, since there is no other source of infrared radiation.

Let's say an enemy pilot suspected a threat and turned off the radar. Then, if there is no reflected signal, the anti-radar missile will continue flying along the intersecting trajectory on autopilot. If the pilot does not change the course and altitude sharply (and this does not happen in the case of the capture of a cruise missile), then after a while both missiles, and hence the Verba missile, will be close to the target and will be able to capture an infrared source whose spectrum will be more correspond to the spectrum of the aircraft, that is, an enemy aircraft. And will fall into it.

Given the increased possible target detection range, it is advisable to increase the missile range. To do this, you can add the first step to these missiles. As it can be a regular engine of the same Willow missile. In this case, both engines can be made single-mode (a single-mode engine has a large specific impulse), but of a different mode. In the fuel of the first stage, you can add a combustion accelerator, for example, nitroglycerin. And the fuel of the second stage can be left basic or you can add a combustion retardant to it, for example, replace part of the fuel with hexamethylenetetramine (practice has shown that it burns quite slowly).

But in connection with the two-stage problem arises - will not the second missile fall into the separated stage of the first? To prevent this, the infrared-guided missile should be equipped with a gyroscope to maintain horizontal position, and the homing head of this missile should be placed with a downward inclination of about 0.5-2 degrees. Then the trajectory of the second missile will lie slightly higher than the trajectory of the first missile and the collision of the second missile with the detached stage is excluded.

Claims (6)

1. A method for paired launch of anti-aircraft missiles, characterized in that the first is launched an anti-radar missile, aimed at the radar of an enemy aircraft or at its signature from an extraneous radar, flying along a proactive intersecting path, and then with some interruption, a missile with an infrared homing head is launched, aimed at the nozzle of an anti-radar missile. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the speed of the anti-radar missile is equal to or greater than that of a missile with infrared homing. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the anti-radar missile is equipped with an autopilot that automatically turns on when the target is lost. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that lithium or copper powder and / or a lithium or copper compound, for example lithium nitrate, lithium borohydride, are added to the fuel of the anti-radar missile. 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the anti-radar missile has a radio receiver with a level meter of the received signal, and data about this level before launch is displayed on the operator’s starting device or on the automatic starting device. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the infrared homing missile has a gyroscope to maintain horizontalness, and the homing head of this missile is placed with a downward slope.