RU2625098C1 - Device for determining distance and directions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measuring equipment.

SUBSTANCE: rotated narrow-beam antenna is rigidly connected to the broadly directional antenna, has an electromagnetic input connected to the electromagnetic output of the reflector, and has an output connected through a second receiver, an amplitude selector with a first input of the small time interval detection unit having a second input and a group of outputs respectively connected to an output receiver and with a first group of inputs of a calculator having a second group of inputs connected to a group of outputs of the range converter and having a third group of inputs, connected to a group of outputs of the distance sensor between the reflector and the turned narrow-beam antenna, and having a group of outputs connected to a group of indicator inputs.

EFFECT: simplification without reducing the accuracy of the direction determination due to the introduction of a rotated narrow-beam antenna, a reflector, a second receiver, an amplitude selector, a small time interval detection unit, a calculator and a distance sensor between the antenna with the reflector.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of radar and can be used for search and multi-purpose tracking of objects.

A device for determining the range of the direction described in the book of Yu.M. Kazarinov “Radio Engineering Systems”, Moscow: Vysshaya Shkola 1990, p. 195. In it, using a synchronizer, clock pulses are issued as commands for generating pulsed electromagnetic signals to a pulsed generator. From the output, its pulses enter through the antenna switch into the antenna, which can be wide-directional. The signals reflected from objects again enter the antenna and then through the aforementioned antenna switch to the receiver. The antenna switch prevents the transmission pulse from entering the receiver and has a second combined input and output connected to the combined input and output of the antenna. The receiver converts electromagnetic signals from objects into electrical ones, and extracts signals specific to expected goals. From the output of the receiver, the signals enter the range converter, which also receives the clock from the synchronizer. The range converter determines the temporal mismatch between the clock and the signal from the receiver. The device can determine the direction of objects in the process of auto tracking of many targets, which together with the range are displayed on the indicator. However, with multi-purpose tracking, to determine the direction to many objects, an increased number of direction-finding nodes is required, which complicates the device.

A known device for determining the range and direction, presented as radar No. 5236, set forth in the book "Radio-electronic industry in Russia" V. Minaev 2010, Moscow: Publishing House "Military Parade", p. 97, it may include the same nodes as in the aforementioned device. However, to simultaneously determine the direction to many objects, an increased number of direction finding nodes is also required, which complicates the device. Using the invention, the device is simplified without reducing the accuracy of determining directions. This is achieved by introducing a rotated narrowly directed antenna, a reflector, a second receiver, an amplitude selector, a unit for determining a small time interval, a calculator and a distance sensor between the antenna and the reflector, while the rotated narrowly directed antenna is rigidly connected to the wide-directional antenna, has an electromagnetic input connected to the electromagnetic output of the reflector , and has an output connected through a second receiver, an amplitude selector with the first input of the small time interval determination unit, I have its second input and group of outputs respectively connected to the output of the receiver and to the first group of inputs of the calculator having a second group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the range converter and having a third group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the distance sensor between the reflector and the rotated narrowly directed antenna, and having a group of outputs connected to a group of indicator inputs.

In FIG. 1 and the following notation is used in the text:

1. synchronizer

2. pulse transmitter

3. antenna switch

4. wide directional antenna

5. rotated narrow antenna

6. reflector

7, 8. receivers

9. range converter

10. amplitude selector

11. indicator

12. unit for determining a small time interval

13. calculator

14. a distance sensor between the reflector and the rotated narrow antenna, while the rotated narrow antenna 5 is rigidly connected to the wide antenna 4 and has an electromagnetic input connected to the electromagnetic output of the reflector 6. and has an output connected through the receiver 8 through an amplitude selector 10 s the first input of the unit for determining a small time interval 12 having a second input and a group of outputs, respectively connected to the output of the receiver 7 and the first group of inputs of the calculator 13 having a second group at the inputs connected to the group of outputs of the range converter 9, and having a third group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the distance sensor between the reflector and the rotated narrowly directed antenna 14, and having the group of outputs connected to the group of inputs of the indicator 11, and the first input of the range converter 9 is connected to the output of the synchronizer 1, also connected through a pulse transmitter 2 to the first input of the antenna switch 3 having a combined second input and a second output connected to a combined input and output irokonapravlennoy antenna 4, and having a first output connected to the receiver 7 via a second input inverter 9 range.

The device operates as follows. Using a synchronizer 1, clock pulses are issued as commands to generate pulsed electromagnetic signals to the pulse generator 2. From the output, its pulses pass through the antenna switch 3 to the wide-directional antenna 4 and are emitted into space. The signals reflected from objects again enter the antenna 4 and then through the aforementioned antenna switch 3 to the receiver 7. The antenna switch eliminates the transmission of a transmitting pulse to the receiver 7 and has a second combined input and output associated with the combined input and output of the wide-directional antenna 4. In the receiver 7 the conversion of electromagnetic signals from objects to electrical and the selection of signals characteristic of the expected goals. From the output of the receiver 7, the signals go to the range converter 9, where the clock pulses from the synchronizer 1 also go to the other input. The range converter 9 determines the temporal mismatch between the clock pulse 1 and the signal from the receiver 7. The electromagnetic energy reflected from the object is then reflected from the reflector 6 and enters the rotated narrowly directed antenna 5, rigidly connected to the antenna 4 and separated from it, for example, by 200 m. The antenna 5 is rotated in the direction of the reflector 6. As a reflector can be used Call of the corner reflector. An example of its implementation is presented in the aforementioned source on pages 204, 205, where it is noted that it has sufficient reflectivity from any direction. From the output of the narrowly directed antenna 5, the signal enters the receiver 8, where it is converted from electromagnetic to electric, which then goes to the amplitude selector 10, where it is allocated in amplitude relative to other interfering signals. The output of the amplitude selector 10 is connected to the first input of the small time interval determination unit 12, and a signal from the receiver 7 is received at its second input. In block 12, the time interval between the signal from the receiver 7 and the amplitude selector 10 is determined with an accuracy of, for example, up to 1 ns, which characterizes the direction to the target. An example of the performance of the range converter 4 and the unit for determining a small time interval is presented in the author’s patent No. 2195686, bull. 36, 2002, as well as in the book “Reference Book - A Guide to Radar”, M., 1977, Vasin V.V., Staganov B.M., p. 214, fig. 9.7. Due to the presence of reflection from the reflector 6, the sign of the interval does not change. An embodiment is possible when the antenna 4 is rotated in the process of multi-purpose auto tracking and the search for many targets. However, in this case, the rotated narrowly directed antenna 5 and the reflector 6 remain stationary, since the reflector continues to reflect electromagnetic energy when the direction of its arrival changes. Information from the group of outputs of the unit for determining a small time interval is supplied to the first group of inputs of the calculator 13, and the second group of inputs of the calculator receives information about the distance from the transducer 9 and to the third group of inputs - information about the base from the distance sensor between the reflector and the rotated narrowly directed antenna 14. The calculator 13, based on the ratio of the known sides of the triangle, determines the direction to the targets and the construction of the trajectories of their movements is carried out. An example of a computer performing the functions of a secondary processing unit is presented, for example, in the book "Radio Engineering Systems", V. Pestryakov. et al. 1985, p. 219. Information about the range and directions to the targets comes from the group of outputs of the calculator 13 to the indicator 11 for display. This ensures the detection and tracking of many targets in wide angles of the field of view.

Claims (1)

A device for determining the range and direction, consisting of a synchronizer, a pulse transmitter, an antenna switch, a wide-directional antenna, a receiver, a range converter and an indicator, where the synchronizer output is connected to the first input of the range converter and connected through a pulse transmitter to the first input of the antenna switch having a combined second input and a second output connected to a combined input and output of a wide-directional antenna, and having a first output connected through a receiver to the second input of the range converter, characterized in that it includes: a rotated narrowly directed antenna, a reflector, a second receiver, an amplitude selector, a unit for determining a small time interval, a calculator and a distance sensor between the reflector and a narrowly directed antenna, while the rotated narrowly directed antenna is rigidly connected to the wide-directional antenna, has an electromagnetic input connected to the electromagnetic output of the reflector, and has an output connected through a second receiver, an amplitude selector with the first the ode of the unit for determining a small time interval having a second input and a group of outputs respectively connected to the output of the receiver and to the first group of inputs of a calculator having a second group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the range converter and having a third group of inputs connected to the group of outputs of the distance sensor a reflector and a rotated narrowly directed antenna, and having a group of outputs connected to a group of indicator inputs.

Images