RU2624200C1 - Device for sowing seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for sowing seeds consists of a seed hopper, a vertically arranged sowing disc 3 with through tapered cells, an air nozzle, a seed ejector. The lower part of the tapered cell of the sowing disc is equipped with a threaded bushing with openings from 1 to 3, or without them. The lateral cell surface is placed at an angle of 50…55° to the disc axis and is made with four through openings located at 2/3 of its depth. Wherein the ratio of the opening diameter to the smaller and the larger cell diameters is determined by the condition 3:4:7.

EFFECT: simultaneous uniform sowing of a seed mixture of different sizes while simplifying its design.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to pneumatic sowing machines that can be used in seeders, mainly for single-grain sowing of seeds of various crops, both combined and nesting methods.

Known pneumatic sowing apparatus, including a hopper for seeds, a sowing disk with through holes and a nozzle for supplying air to the cells, the sowing disk is equipped with a ring mating with its inner surface, which is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement relative to the axis of rotation of the disk, and is made in the form of a cylinder , along the length of the generatrix of which there are several rows of through cells (USSR Author's Certificate, 818524, IPC A01C 7/04, 1981).

The disadvantages of the known sowing apparatus are:

a) during the removal of excess seeds from the cells by the nozzle there is no guarantee that all seeds will not be removed by air flow, which is not permissible,

b) it is impossible for them to sow seeds in a combined way.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a pneumatic sowing device selected as a prototype, including a seed hopper, a vertically located sowing disk with through conical cells arranged at regular intervals, an air nozzle to remove excess seed from the conical cell and a device for pushing stuck seeds from cells (German Patent No. 2064336, class A01C 7/04, 1973).

The known device has several disadvantages:

a) to change the sowing step, it is necessary to change the seed discs with a different number of cells;

b) during removal of excess seeds from the cells by the nozzle there is no guarantee that all seeds will not be removed by air flow, which is not permissible;

c) it is used only for dotted sowing.

The objective of the invention is to increase the operational reliability and technological capabilities of the sowing apparatus.

The stated technical problem is achieved in that the device for sowing seeds, consisting of a seed hopper, a vertically located seed disk with through conical cells arranged at regular intervals, an air nozzle for removing excess seed from the conical cell and a device for pushing stuck seeds from the cells according to of the invention, the lower part of the conical cell of the metering disk is provided with a sleeve on the thread with holes from 1 to 3 and a plug, the side surface of the cell is placed d angle of 50 ... 55 ° to the axis of the disc and is formed with four through holes disposed at 2/3 of its depth, wherein the ratio of hole diameter to the minor and major diameters of the cells defined by the condition 3: 4: 7.

In FIG. 1 shows a device for sowing seeds, side view; in FIG. 2 - the same, view A; in FIG. 3 - the same, node B, in FIG. 4 - cell sleeve on a thread with two holes; in FIG. 5 - blind plug on the thread (plug).

A device for sowing seeds contains a seed hopper 1, a sowing disk 3 vertically located on the axis 2 with through conical cells 4, an air nozzle 5 for removing excess seed from the conical cell 4 and a device 6 for pushing stuck seeds from the cells 4. The lower part of the cell 4 the metering disk 3 is provided with a sleeve 7 on a thread with holes 8 from 1 to 3 or without them, i.e. works like a stub. The lateral surface of the cell 4 is placed at an angle of 50 ... 55 ° to the axis 2 of the disk 3 and is made with four through holes 9 located at 2/3 of its depth, while the ratio of the diameter of the hole in the sleeve to the small and large diameters of the conical cell is determined by condition 3: 4: 7.

It was experimentally established that the angle of inclination of the lateral surface to the horizontal axis of 50 ... 55 ° is optimal for the processes of loading and removing 4 seeds from the cell, because if the angle is smaller, the upper diameter of the conical cell will increase, which will reduce their number and increase the width of the disk, which is not advisable, and if more, then the process of removing excess seeds will be difficult.

The presence of bushings on the threads of the cells with openings from 1 to 3 and without them makes the metering device universal, providing the possibility of sowing seeds in three ways - dashed, combined and nesting. Using the bushings as plugs, you can change the sowing pattern, while increasing the operational reliability of the metering unit.

A device for sowing seeds works as follows.

During operation of the sowing apparatus, the seeds from the seed hopper 1 by gravity fall into the through conical cells 4 of the sowing disk 3. The rotating sowing disk 3 brings the conical cells 4 filled with seeds to the air nozzle 5, the air flow of which is directed to the conical cells 4. One part of the air the flow presses one seed to the hole 8 of the sleeve 7, and the second, passing through four through holes 9 located on the side surface of the cell 4, wash the seeds with an air flow, thereby creating guaranteed conditions pressing one seed to each hole 8 of the sleeve 7, and the remaining seeds are blown out.

The sowing disk 3, rotating on the axis 2, with the seed stuck in the cell 4, meets with the seed ejector 6, which removes the seed from the cell 4 and directs it to the bottom of the furrow opened by the opener 10.

The use of the proposed device for sowing seeds will increase the operational reliability and technological capabilities of the sowing apparatus.

Claims (1)

A device for sowing seeds, consisting of a seed hopper, a vertically arranged sowing disk with through conical cells arranged at regular intervals, an air nozzle for removing excess seed from the conical cell and a device for expelling stuck seeds from the cells, characterized in that the lower part of the conical the cells of the seed disk is equipped with a sleeve on the thread with holes from 1 to 3 or without them, and the side surface of the cell is placed at an angle of 50 ... 55 ° to the axis of the disk and is made with four squos GOVERNMENTAL holes located at 2/3 of its depth, wherein the ratio of hole diameter to the minor and major diameters of the cells defined by the condition 3: 4: 7.

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