RU2592575C1 - Pneumatic seeding apparatus for bed sowing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: air operated seeder unit for bed sowing consists of seed bin, vertically positioned on axis of seeding plate with through conical cells, air nozzle, seeds ejector and ploughshare. On side cover of sowing device there is arc-shaped nozzle, copies sowing disk inner surface in loading zone of cells and air nozzle action with possibility for suction of seeds to bottom of three conical cells simultaneously. Sowing disk is equipped with replaceable bushings on thread with cone cells. At that, one of bushing with cells are made with through holes at bottom with number from 1 to 3, and other are in form of plugs. Width of seeds ejector is equal to at least two diameters of holes of cells of sowing disk.

EFFECT: invention will allow enlarging operating capabilities at reduction of metal consumption of its design.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to pneumatic sowing machines that can be used in seeders for both dotted and nesting seeding.

A pneumatic sowing device is known, including a seed hopper, a vertically located sowing disk with through conical cells arranged at regular intervals, an air nozzle for removing excess seed from the conical cell and a device for pushing stuck seeds from the cells (German Patent No. 2064336, class A01C 7/04, 1973).

The known device has several disadvantages:

a) during the removal of excess seeds there is no guarantee that all seeds will not be removed by air flow, which is unacceptable;

b) a metal ejector damaging the seeds is used to remove stuck seeds from the cells;

d) with such a design of the apparatus it is impossible to sow the seeds in a nesting manner.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a pneumatic sowing device selected as a prototype, including a seed hopper, a sowing disk with through holes and a nozzle for supplying air to the cells, the sowing disk is equipped with a ring mating with its inner surface, which is installed with the possibility longitudinal movement relative to the axis of rotation of the disk and is made in the form of a cylinder, along the length of the generatrix of which there are several rows of through cells (Copyright stvo USSR, 818524, IPC A01S 7/04, 1981).

The disadvantages of the known sowing apparatus are:

a) during removal of excess seeds from the cells by the nozzle, there is no guarantee that all seeds will not be removed by air flow, which is unacceptable.

b) the device does not provide an ejector of seeds stuck in the cell;

c) to change the number of seeds in the nest, the disk is cumbersome, which: 1) increases the metal consumption of the sowing disk, 2) the parameters of the sowing device increase.

d) to change the seeding step requires a change of discs.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the metal structure and increase the operational capabilities of a pneumatic metering device.

The technical problem is achieved in that the pneumatic seed meter for nest seeding, including a seed hopper, a vertically mounted seed meter with through conical cells, an air nozzle, a seed ejector and a coulter, according to the invention is equipped with an arcuate nozzle mounted on the side cover of the meter, copying the inner surface of the sowing disk in the zone of loading cells and the action of the air nozzle, with the possibility of suction of seeds to the bottom of three conical cells at the same time The sowing disk is variably equipped with replaceable bushings on a thread with conical cells, while some bushings with cells are made with through holes at the bottom of 1 to 3, others in the form of plugs, the width of the seed ejector is at least two cell openings.

In FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic seed meter for nest seeding, side view; in FIG. 2 - the same section Α-A; in FIG. 3 - the same, the разрез-A section is enlarged; FIG. 4 - section BB; FIG. 5 - a sleeve on a thread with a conical cell and with two holes, in a section.

The pneumatic metering unit for nest sowing contains a seed hopper 1, a metering disk 3 with a conical cell 4 vertically mounted on an axis 2 with 1-3 through holes 5 at their bottom, an air nozzle 6, an arc-shaped nozzle 7 mounted on a side cover 8 of the metering device, copying the inner surface of the sowing disk 3 in the zone of loading of the cells 4 and the action of the air nozzle 6, the ejector seeds 9 and the coulter 10.

The seed ejector 9 is made with a width equal to at least two diameters of the openings of the cells and ensures reliable discharge of all seeds from the cell into the furrow.

The execution of the bushings on the thread with 4 removable cells allows you to sow seeds in a nesting manner without replacing the seed discs by screwing in the plug bushings with the desired number of holes in the cell 4. The device is also equipped with bushings in the form of plugs, which allows you to change the sowing pattern.

Pneumatic sowing device for nesting works as follows.

Seeds from the hopper 1 fall into the conical cell 4 of the sowing disk 3 rotating on the axis 2. The seeds are sucked by the force of the nozzle 7, copying the inner surface of the sowing disk 3, in three adjacent cells 4. When passing under the nozzle 6, the seeds flow out from it pressed to the holes 5 of the cell 4, the extra seeds are blown out of the cells 4 by the nozzle 6, the seeds are pre-pressed to the bottom of the cell 4 with a suction arcuate pipe 7, i.e. two forces act on the seeds, one using the nozzle 6, which presses them, and the second - the nozzle 7 sucks from the inside of the disk, which guarantees the preservation of seeds in cell 4, the remaining seeds are blown out. Next, the cell 4 with seeds is mixed into the zone of action of the elastic elastic roller ejector 9, under its influence, the seeds fall into the furrow opened by the opener 10. It is important that the seeds are sucked in by the pipe 7 even before they enter the zone of operation of the air nozzle 6, which guarantees the preservation of one seed in cell 4.

The use of a suction nozzle 7 in the design of the pneumatic sowing device ensures guaranteed seed storage in cell 4, which allows sowing seeds in a row without gaps and promotes yield growth, supplying sowing discs with thread bushings with through holes on their bottom with a quantity of 1 to 3 allows sowing seeds by the nesting method without replacing the sowing discs, and the use of a blind sleeve 4 allows you to change the sowing pattern, and the seed ejector 9 provides a reliable discharge of all seeds myan from cell 4 to the furrow.

The application of the proposed device will significantly increase the operational capabilities of the pneumatic metering device and make the metering discs universal.

Claims (1)

Pneumatic seed meter for nest sowing, including a seed hopper, a seed disc vertically mounted on the axis with through conical cells, an air nozzle, a seed ejector and a coulter, characterized in that it is equipped with an arc-shaped nozzle mounted on the side cover of the metering unit and copying the inner surface of the seed meter disk in the zone of loading cells and the action of the air nozzle with the possibility of suction of seeds to the bottom of three conical cells simultaneously, while the sowing disk is equipped with interchangeable bushings on threads with conical cells, with some bushings with cells made with through holes on the bottom of 1 to 3, others in the form of plugs, and the width of the ejector seeds is at least two diameters of the holes of the cells.

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