RU2622274C1 - Winged missile (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weaponry and ammunition supplies.

SUBSTANCE: according to one version, winged missile contains the fuselage, wing, turbojet engine and few subammunitions, i.e. controlled or free-falling bombs. The computer of the missile guidance system provides a program of its flight over several targets in several passes. It is possible to select targets located approximately on a straight line. It provides a program for bombs free-falling from low altitudes with adjustment of their flight trajectory with a view to the release of the above bombs at a specified angle to the horizontal or down at a metered rate, or braking, depending on the type of the target. Another option includes two-axis gyrostabilized biplane radio direction finder and infrared biplane direction finder. In addition, there are bomb bays with two doors at the top and bottom and a bounding mechanism for the inside bomb bays of anti-radar and infrared missiles, which are subammunitions. There is also a release device for dropping subammunitions, i.e. missiles, down. When the stock of subammunitions is more than the number of hit targets, you can drop the subammunitions in the form of bombs. For the latter case there is a possibility of cutting off missile engines, keeping the missile controls in neutral, of unarmed position of non-contact detonators and armed position of non-contact detonators.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of hitting targets with a winged missile.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to cruise missiles, mainly to destroy ground targets.

Cruise missiles are known, consisting of a fuselage with a fixed or folding wing, an engine (usually turbojet) of a nuclear or non-nuclear warhead, and a guidance system, see the Internet, Wikipedia, articles “Tomahawk or Caliber”. Their disadvantage is that they are designed to hit only one target with a warhead weighing about 500 kg. This is not justified if the target can be destroyed by ammunition of lesser power.

OPTION 1. The objective and technical result of this embodiment of the invention is the defeat of several targets with one missile.

For this, the rocket, like the prototype, has a fuselage, wing, engine and guidance system, but unlike the prototype, it has several submunitions - guided or free-falling bombs, and the computer of the missile guidance system has a flight program over several targets and a program for the trajectory of falling bombs.

These several targets can be concentrated in one place, and then the rocket will have to make several approaches in such directions so that the direction of flight passes through two targets (so it will take half as many approaches). Or several targets can be separated by several hundred kilometers, and then the missile is given a route that has the smallest total possible flight length (of course, at the same time, targets lying on a straight line are selected for this missile). The missile crashes into the last target itself, while it may have its own separate warhead, or, if the target is not very strong, the missile may not have a separate warhead, but destroys the target with its kinetic energy and subsequent fire. In the latter case, the rocket may, for acceleration at the end of the trajectory, include afterburner, for example, by supplying an alcohol-water mixture to the combustion chamber of the turbojet engine (to generate additional heat and at the same time to prevent a sharp increase in temperature in front of the engine turbine).

In order not to increase the aerodynamic drag of the rocket, so as not to increase the dimensions of the rocket in the transport position, and so as not to increase radar visibility, bombs should be placed inside the fuselage. They can be located in one or two or three vertical shafts near the center of gravity of the rocket or in a rotating drum (the latter is undesirable, as it will reduce the "rate of fire").

To improve the accuracy of bombing and not to take into account the correction for wind, bombs should be dropped at a minimum height at a given horizontal angle.

Since bombs fly almost horizontally when dropped from low altitudes and with a high horizontal speed, for a more accurate hit in a flat object, the bombs can be equipped with a small braking parachute. To hit a vertical object, such as a wall of a building or a tank, a parachute on the contrary is not needed. But we need an amendment to the program for calculating the trajectory of the bomb.

Since the bomb flies almost horizontally, in order to increase the accuracy of the hit, the bomb can be thrown down at a metered speed. In this case, its trajectory will be steeper, and the point of intersection with the horizontal surface will be more predictable.

When bombing from a height of less than 50 meters, it is advisable to use high-explosive fragmentation bombs with a carbon fiber body, since a cruise missile itself can be damaged by fragments of its own bombs. The use of timed fuses will not solve the problem, as the bombs fall very hollow and can ricochet off a hard surface. In this case, a bomb explosion will occur far behind the target.

Guidance of a cruise missile at several stationary targets can occur at predetermined coordinates, but to aim at moving targets, even temporarily in a stationary state, it is desirable to have a thermal imaging system that recognizes contrasting and / or moving targets.

A cruise missile can defend itself from ground-based air defense systems and from enemy fighters. For this, it can have missiles with passive radar homing (anti-radar) and infrared homing (see a separate application for an invention), for example, based on MANPADS “Verba”. They can suppress enemy radars and shoot down enemy fighters. In particular, a pair of missile launches can be used to destroy fighters - first an anti-radar missile is launched that is aimed at the fighter’s radar, and an infrared missile is launched behind it, aimed at exhausting an anti-radar missile (see a separate application for an invention).

OPTION 2. However, a cruise missile may not meet the enemy's radars or its fighters. Or the supply of these missiles will be greater than the number of targets encountered for them. In this case, this cruise missile provides the ability to drop the aforementioned missiles, like bombs. For this, a cruise missile has bomb compartments with two hatches above and below, and has a device that throws anti-radar and infrared missiles located inside the bomb compartments, and also has a device that drops these missiles down, and in the latter case, the rocket engines do not turn on, the rudders remain in neutral position, the contactless fuses are not cocked, and the contact fuse is cocked.

For the possibility of dropping missiles down, it is desirable that the overall dimensions of the bombs be the same as the overall dimensions of the missiles.

In order to be able to use their rocket fuel in such missiles to enhance the explosion, it is advisable to have a small cumulative charge directed to the rocket fuel.

To distinguish ground targets from air targets, the cruise missile has a gyrostabilized two-plane direction-finder and a two-plane infrared direction finder.

In FIG. 1 shows in cross section a cruise missile 1 having seven bombs 2 inside, two anti-radar missiles 3 and one infrared missile 4. FIG. Figure 2 shows the trajectory of a cruise missile attacking fourteen separate targets with bombs and missiles used as bombs.

A cruise missile works like this: if its two-plane direction finder detects a working radar at ground level, then it will launch an anti-radar missile 3 on it. If its direction finder detects a working radar located above ground level (that is, on an enemy fighter), then the cruise missile will fire at it one after the other two missiles - anti-radar 3 and infrared 4 (the feasibility of such a launch is described in a separate invention). If it detects an infrared target that is not on the ground, then the cruise missile will launch an infrared missile 4 for this purpose. Of course, a friend or foe recognition device is desirable.

The rocket processor must memorize the target for which the rocket / missiles were fired so as not to release all the missiles at one target.

If radars and fighters of a cruise missile are not met, then it acts, as shown in FIG. 2. Having flown up to a group of targets, for example, to an enemy airfield or to a cluster of equipment in the direction shown by a thick arrow (the direction is chosen so that it passes through any two targets), the cruise missile makes the first approach and hits two targets. Then he makes four more calls, hitting bombs and missiles dropped like bombs, two targets in each call. In the last approach, a cruise missile hits longitudinally four closely spaced targets and crashes into the first of them (shown by a cross). If these goals were like an airplane or a truck, then kinetic energy would be enough to destroy all four. Especially if, before the last call, the cruise missile turns on the afterburner.

Of course, bombs can also be nuclear.

This missile may have a clearly defensive task. In this case, it has more missiles and fewer bombs, and in a given area switches to flying in a circle, covering the passage of the remaining missiles. In this case, cruise missiles must necessarily have a friend or foe identification system so as not to bring down their cruise missiles or their planes.

Claims (4)

1. A cruise missile containing a fuselage, a wing, a turbojet engine and several submunitions - guided or free-falling bombs, characterized in that the computer of the cruise missile guidance system provides a program of its flight over several targets in several approaches with the selection of targets located approximately on a straight line, and a program for free-falling bombs from low altitudes with amendments to their flight paths, calculated on the emission of the said bombs at a horizontal angle or downward with a dosed speed, or with t braking - depending on the type of target. 2. A cruise missile according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to turn on the afterburner before the last target. 3. A cruise missile containing a fuselage, a wing, a turbojet engine, a guidance system and characterized in that it has a gyro-stabilized two-plane direction finder and a two-plane infrared direction finder, has bomb compartments with two hatches above and below, and has a device for tossing anti-radar bombs inside the bomb compartments , which are submunitions, up, and also has a device for dropping submunitions - missiles down, and with a stock of submunitions greater than if In order to meet the objectives, it is possible to drop submunitions in the form of bombs, and for the latter case, it is possible to turn off the rocket engines, the ability to keep the rudders of the rockets in a neutral position and the possibility of ensuring the unzipped position of the contactless fuses and the cocked position of the contact fuses. 4. A missile according to claim 3, characterized in that the overall dimensions of the bombs are the same as the overall dimensions of the missiles also available on the cruise missile.

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