RU2621267C1 - Device for regulation of atmospheric precipitation runoff reserves - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: device for regulation of the atmospheric precipitation runoff reserves includes an underground reservoir 3 formed by a watertight barrage 1 in the transverse section of the river valley, spanning completely by thickness and width the aquifer 2, and an aboveground reservoir 4 formed by a dam 5 spanning by width the transverse section of the river valley. The watertight barrage 1 is located outside the influence area of the underlying underground reservoir 3 and contains, before the barrage 1, a catchment 6 to intensify the process of water accumulation in the aboveground reservoir 4 during the period of intensive atmospheric precipitation runoff. The underground reservoir 3 is located above the aboveground one at a distance that provides the catchment elevation grades sufficient to discharge groundwater by regulated gravity to the bowl of the aboveground reservoir 4.

EFFECT: possibility of reliable water abstraction in the required volume during the whole period of operation, including in low-water periods of the year in valleys of mountain rivers with a periodically drying watercourse, in view of the effective use of atmospheric precipitation runoff during its greatest intensity in the valley of a mountain river.

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Description

The invention relates to water supply and can be used in the regulation of underground and aboveground runoffs confined to the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up water courses to increase the reliability of water withdrawal or increase it.

A device for regulating groundwater reserves, including a waterproof barrage in the transverse section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in thickness and width and forming an underground reservoir, and located above the water intake (Hydrogeology. Engineering geology // Results of science and technology. - M .: VINITI, 1974, v. 3, p. 15-16, Fig. 5b).

A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to provide reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including during dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up watercourse.

A hydraulic structure is known for regulating water supplies for water supply and irrigation purposes - an elevated dam - a water support structure blocking a watercourse and its valley for raising the water level (Code of rules SP 40.13330.2012 Concrete and reinforced concrete dams: regulatory and technical material. - M .: OJSC "VNIIG named after B.E. Vedeneev", 2013, p. 4-5, Fig. 1a-d).

A disadvantage of the known device is the inability to ensure the accumulation and maintenance of the water volume of the reservoir in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in river valleys with periodically drying up watercourse.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a device for regulating groundwater reserves (Patent for invention RU No. 2569004, IPC Е03В 3/32, 3/06, publ. 11/20/2015, Bull. No. 32), including a waterproof transverse barrier section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in thickness and width and forming the main underground reservoir, and located above the water intake, and also contains an additional waterproof barrage located in the transverse section of the river valley above the zone of influence of the main underground reservoir, in its upper pool and forming an additional underground reservoir, a water intake device located in the upper pool of the additional waterproof barrage, and connecting the additional and main reservoir with a pipeline with a shutter to regulate the flow of water from the reservoir to the main underground reservoir.

A disadvantage of the known device is the impossibility of providing reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to the inefficient use of rainfall during their highest intensity.

The technical result is the provision of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to the efficient use of rainfall during the period of their highest intensity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for regulating the stockpiles of rainfall, including an underground reservoir formed by a waterproof barrage in the transverse section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in thickness and width, and an above-ground reservoir formed by a dam overlapping the transverse section of the river valley in width moreover, the waterproof barrage is located outside the zone of influence of the underlying underground reservoir, according to the invention, installed before the barrage ptazh to intensify water accumulation process in an overhead reservoir during intensive rainfall runoff, and underground water reservoir located at a distance above the overhead providing capping elevation, sufficient to remove groundwater controlled by gravity into the bowl elevated reservoir.

Distinctive features of the prototype are:

- before the barrage was made capturing;

- the underground reservoir is located above the above-ground reservoir at a distance that provides altitudes for the capture of water sufficient to divert groundwater to the above-ground reservoir;

- Groundwater capture is diverted by controlled gravity into the bowl of the aboveground reservoir during the period of the highest intensity of rainfall.

The specified set of distinctive features from the prototype makes it possible to provide reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in mountain river valleys with periodically drying water flow, due to the efficient use of atmospheric precipitation runoff during the period of their highest intensity in the mountain valley rivers.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in Fig. 1 shows a device for regulating rainfall stocks.

A device for regulating rainfall stocks includes a waterproof barrage 1, created, for example, by the “wall in soil” method in the transverse section of a river valley in an aquifer 2, completely overlapping in thickness and width. The aquifer 2 ensures the prevention of underground drainage beyond barrage 1, groundwater abatement and favorable conditions for their accumulation in the aquifer 2, above the gauge 1 location, with the formation of an underground reservoir 3. Below the gauge 1 gauge there is an above-ground reservoir 4 formed by dam 5 , covering the width of the transverse section of the river valley, and the barrage 1 is located outside the zone of influence of the above-ground reservoir 4. Before the barrage 1, a capturing 6 is made, the water from which is through a pipeline or tray 7, reinforced by distribution valves, flows by controlled gravity into the aboveground reservoir 4, when the underground reservoir 3 is filled. Well 8 with an artesian pump located in the zone of influence of the underground reservoir 3, by pipe 9 provides water from the underground reservoir 3 to the aboveground reservoir 4 formed by the dam 5. From the above-ground reservoir 4, water is supplied to the consumer through the onshore pumping station through the pipeline system 10. The maximum water levels that can be reached, respectively, in the aboveground reservoir 4 is position 11, after which the excess water is discharged through the catastrophic spillway in dam 5, and in the underground reservoir 3 it is position 12, after which the water flows through barrage 1 and moves further freely along the riverbed. The minimum volume of the above-ground reservoir 4 corresponds to its "dead" volume at marks 13.

Regulation of rainfall stocks by this device is implemented as follows. In the high water period of the year before the low water period, groundwater and groundwater inflows accumulate in the underground reservoir 3 and in the elevated reservoir 4, respectively, due to the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation and flood waters flooding part of the valley directly on the catchment areas of both reservoirs. Thus, under the condition of groundwater inflow over other components of the balance, in particular over water withdrawal from well 8 by pipeline 9, groundwater accumulates in underground reservoir 3. Provided that the overhead flow prevails over the water intake through the onshore pumping station through pipeline system 10 from the aboveground reservoir 4 there is an accumulation of runoff in the above-ground reservoir 4.

In the initial period of low water, when the surface watercourse in the underground reservoir 3 dries up, the surface of the underground water occupies position 12, and in the aboveground reservoir 4 the water level corresponds to position 11.

When the influx of water into the above-ground reservoir 4 due to the precipitation of atmospheric precipitation decreases, the situation arises that the withdrawal through the onshore pumping station through the pipeline system 10 exceeds the external influx of water. In this case, the water level gradually drops and can reach the minimum mark 13 of the "dead" volume of the reservoir. However, in the initial period of low water availability, the volume of water in the underground reservoir 3 remains unchanged and corresponds to its maximum values, that is, position 12, and the water flows through the piping or chute 6 through a pipeline or tray by regulated gravity to the elevated reservoir 4. When the marks in the underground reservoir 3 fall below the marks capture 6, i.e. when it does not work, in order to prevent the water level in the above-ground reservoir 4 from falling to a “dead” volume corresponding to the minimum marks 13, water is transferred from the underground reservoir 3 to the above-ground reservoir 4 through a pipe 9 through a well 8.

In the high-water period of the year, when there is either heavy rainfall or intense snowmelt due to the incommensurably smaller volume of water concentrated in the underground reservoir 3, its filling occurs much faster than the filling of the aboveground reservoir 4. The water level in the underground reservoir 3 rises quickly, reaches its maximum marks 12, and water flows through the barrage 1, which corresponds to the maximum level of water in the river. The volume of water flowing through the barrage 1, moving along the riverbed, is partially filtered into groundwater and only partially reaches the elevated reservoir 4. For the efficient use of underground rainfall, as soon as the elevated reservoir 4 is filled, the capturing 6 is arranged before the barrage 1, intercepting groundwater overflow of the underground reservoir 3, directing them directly to the aboveground reservoir 4. At the same time, water from the underground reservoir 3 can be supplied to the aboveground reservoir 4 by tr to the pipeline or tray 7 and through the pipeline 9 through the well 8. Due to the fact that the underground reservoir 3 is located, according to geodesic marks, above the above-ground reservoir 4, the water from the capture 6 is fed to the underlying reservoir 4 by gravity through the pipeline or tray 7. When the filling of the aboveground reservoir 4 to a maximum of 11, the flow of water from the underground reservoir 3 stops both from the pipeline 9 through the well 8, and by means of control valves installed on the pipeline or tray 7, coming from the capture 6.

Claims (1)

A device for regulating rainfall stocks, including an underground reservoir formed by a waterproof barge in the transverse section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in thickness and width, and an above-ground reservoir formed by a dam overlapping the transverse section of the river valley in width, and the waterproof barge is located outside zones of influence of the underlying underground reservoir, characterized in that a capture is installed in front of the barrage to intensify the process I water in an overhead reservoir during intensive rainfall runoff, and underground water reservoir located at a distance above the overhead providing capping elevation, sufficient to remove groundwater by gravity into the bowl elevated reservoir.

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