RU2682055C1 - Method for regulating runoff of atmospheric precipitation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply.SUBSTANCE: method consists in the simultaneous collection in the river valley of groundwater in the underground reservoir and surface runoff in the aboveground reservoir and the management of the groundwater level when it falls on the section of the underground reservoir by controlled passage of water from the aboveground reservoir. If it is necessary to control the level of above-ground water when it falls on the section of the above-ground reservoir, regulated water is supplied from the underground reservoir. Above-ground reservoir is located in a lateral mountain gorge relative to the river valley where a pumping station with radial water intake is installed to supply water from the river to the above-ground reservoir during the high-water period of the year.EFFECT: ensures the possibility of reliable water withdrawal in the required amount throughout the entire period of operation, including during low-water periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying water, due to the effective use of underground and above-ground runoff, as well as the underground and above-ground volumes of the valley of a mountain river with the exception of the risks of catastrophic situations.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water supply and can be used in the regulation of underground and aboveground runoffs confined to the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up water courses to increase the reliability of water withdrawal or increase it.

A known method of regulating groundwater reserves (Patent for invention RU No. 2569035, IPC E03B 3/32, 3/06, publ. 11/20/2015. Bull. No. 32), including the accumulation in the transverse section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in power when in the transverse section of the river valley, above the zone of influence of the underground reservoir, additional accumulation of groundwater is carried out in the additional underground reservoir and the level of groundwater is controlled, when it falls, in the section of the underground reservoir, by controlled passage of water from the additional An additional underground reservoir into the main underground reservoir. Providing the possibility of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of ensuring reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to the non-use of the aerial part of the mountain gorge.

There is a method of regulating groundwater reserves, which consists in creating a hydraulic structure for regulating water reserves for water supply and irrigation purposes - an overhead dam - a water support structure that blocks a watercourse and its valley for raising the water level and accumulating surface runoff in an overground reservoir during high-water periods of the year and spending them in dry periods (Code of rules SP 40.13330.2012 Concrete and reinforced concrete dams: regulatory and technical material. - M: VNIIG named after B.E. Vedeneev, OJSC, 2 013, p. 4-5, Fig. 1 a-d).

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to ensure the accumulation and maintenance of the volume of water in the reservoir in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year, in river valleys with periodically drying up watercourse. The creation of a risk of catastrophic situations, when maximum costs are missed, due to the installation of an elevated dam - a water support structure blocking the watercourse and its valley to raise the water level, as well as due to inefficient use of the volume of the elevated reservoir due to siltation.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of regulating the flow of precipitation (Patent for invention RU No. 2621265, IPC E03B 3/32, 3/06, published 01.06.2017 Bull. No. 16), including the accumulation in the river valley, completely by thickness and width blocked by a barrage in an aquifer, groundwater in an underground reservoir and above ground water in an above-ground reservoir completely across the width of a river valley blocked by a dam, in high-water periods of the year and spent by its intake from either an underground or above-ground reservoir and in dry seasons of the year, with controlled passage of water from one volume to another and to the consumer through mechanical lifting, when they are capturing in front of the barrage and intensifying the process of water accumulation in the above-ground reservoir during the period of intense rainfall runoff, additional water is passed into it by controlled gravity flow from Captage underground reservoir.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of ensuring reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to the inefficient use of the already limited volume of the mountain gorge. The creation of a risk of catastrophic situations, when maximum costs are missed, due to the installation of an elevated dam - a water support structure blocking the watercourse and its valley for raising the water level, as well as due to inefficient use of the volume of the elevated reservoir located in the riverbed due to siltation.

The technical result is the provision of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, in view of the effective use of underground and aboveground drains, as well as underground and aboveground volumes of the mountain river valley , with the exception of the risks of catastrophic situations.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of regulating the flow of precipitation, which consists in the simultaneous accumulation of groundwater in the river valley in the underground reservoir and surface runoff in the aboveground reservoir and controlling the level of groundwater, when it falls, on the site of the underground reservoir, by controlled passage of water from the aboveground reservoir, if necessary, control the level of aboveground waters, when it falls, on the site of the aboveground reservoir, carry out a regulated water supply from odzemnogo reservoir according to the invention a reservoir overhead laterally relative mountain valley valley on which mounted a pump station with radiation abstraction, for supplying water from the river in overhead in the reservoir, the water period.

Distinctive features of the prototype are:

- the effective use of the volume of the mountain valley for the accumulation of underground and elevated water, in view of the location of the volume of the elevated reservoir in the side mountain gorge relative to the river valley;

- control of the level of above-ground water when it falls on a section of an above-ground reservoir, in a high-water period of the year, by means of a regulated water supply through a pumping station with radiation intake;

- elimination of the risks of catastrophic situations in view of the absence of blocking structures in the riverbed, both when constructing an above-ground reservoir and when performing radiation intake;

The specified set of distinctive features from the prototype allows you to ensure the possibility of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up watercourse.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig. 1 in the plan schematically shows the location and relationship of the elements when implementing the method of regulating the flow of precipitation, in Fig. Figure 2 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a pressureless aquifer along AA, along an underground reservoir, and in Fig. 3, a section along BB along an elevated reservoir.

A method for controlling the flow of precipitation includes a waterproof barrage 1, created, for example, by the "wall in soil" method in the transverse section of the river valley in the aquifer 2, completely in thickness and width, overlapping the aquifer 2, which prevents the underground flow outside the barrage 1, groundwater abatement and favorable conditions for their accumulation in the aquifer 2 above the gauge location with the formation of an underground reservoir 3. In the lateral gorge is located aboveground dohranilische 4 formed aerial dam 5 and associated with a river 6 via a pumping station with beam 7. In this case, the water intake before barrage 1 located rainwater hole 8, a conduit 9 connected to the volume of reservoir 4 or overhead with water consumer, for water supply purposes. In turn, the volume of the above-ground reservoir 4 is communicated by pipeline 10 with water consumers for irrigation purposes or with the volume of underground reservoir 3, for regulating the volume of water in both reservoirs. Moreover, during the operation of the aboveground reservoir 4, its normally supported level (NPU) should be located at 11, and the NPU of the underground reservoir 3 should be located at 12. The levels of the "dead" volumes of the underground reservoir 3 correspond to 13, and the aboveground reservoir 4 to 14 .

Regulation of fresh water reserves by this device is implemented as follows. In the high water period of the year before the low water period, groundwater and groundwater inflows accumulate respectively in the underground reservoir 3 and in the aboveground reservoir 4. In the aboveground reservoir 4 formed by the dam 5, water flows not only due to atmospheric precipitation, but also due to the flow from the river channel by means of a pumping station 6 with a beam intake 7.

Under the condition of groundwater inflow over other components of the balance, in particular over water withdrawal from well 8 through pipeline 9, groundwater accumulates in the underground reservoir 3 located in the aquifer 2. Provided that the above-ground runoff prevails and the water volume is supplied through the pump station 6 s beam intake 7 above the intake from the aboveground reservoir 4 through the pipeline 10 is the accumulation of aboveground runoff in the aboveground reservoir 4.

In the high-water period of the year, as a result of the accumulation of fresh water in the underground reservoir 3, formed by the underground dam 1 and the elevated reservoir 4, their level increases and corresponds to the maximum water levels: 11 in the elevated reservoir 4 and 12 in the underground reservoir 3.

In the initial period of low water, when the surface watercourse dries up, in the underground reservoir 3, the groundwater surface, respectively, occupies position 12, since an excess amount of water overflows through the barrage 1, and then flows either in the form of surface water along the riverbed or filters into priming. In the above-ground reservoir 4, the water level corresponds to position 11, since the excess volume of water is discharged through a catastrophic spillway in dam 5.

When the influx of water into the underground reservoir 3, due to the infiltration of precipitation decreases, a situation arises that the withdrawal for drinking water from the well 8, through the pipeline 9, exceeds the external influx of water. In this case, the groundwater level gradually decreases, and can reach the minimum marks represented by the depression curve at position 13. However, at the same time, in the initial period of low water availability, the volume of water in the above-ground reservoir 4 remains unchanged and corresponds to its maximum values, when the water level is at 11. To prevent the depression of the level of the depression curve to the minimum values of position 13, in the underground reservoir 3, the water level is monitored by additional passage of volumes from aboveground a reservoir 4 through conduit 10. Feed water from an underground source 8 is focused on wells purpose of drinking water, through the pipeline system 9.

When orienting the water consumption system to irrigation, when warmer water is needed, it is more rational to supply it from the above-ground reservoir 4 through the pipeline 10. When the inflow into it due to the flow of surface water decreases, and the water supply due to the pumping station 6 with a beam intake 7 may be completely absent , a situation arises that the water level in the above-ground reservoir gradually decreases, and can reach the minimum marks represented by the level of the "dead" volume of the reservoir 14. However, at this time, in the initial period it is small In addition, the volume of water in the underground reservoir 3 remains unchanged and corresponds to its maximum values of 12. To prevent the water level in the elevated reservoir 4 from falling to a “dead” volume corresponding to marks 14 into the elevated reservoir 4, water is passed from the underground reservoir 3 by pipeline system 9, through the well 8.

Claims (1)

A method of regulating atmospheric precipitation runoff, consisting in the simultaneous accumulation of groundwater in the river valley in the underground reservoir and surface runoff in the aboveground reservoir and controlling the groundwater level when it falls in the underground reservoir area by controlled passage of water from the aboveground reservoir, if necessary, controlling the level of aboveground water when it falls on a section of an elevated reservoir, a regulated supply of water from the underground reservoir is carried out, characterized in that adzemnoe reservoir disposed in the side mountain gorge relatively River Valley, which set the pump station with radial water intake to supply water from the river in the overhead reservoir in the high-water season.

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