RU2621265C1 - Method of regulating atmospheric precipitation runoff - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: method of regulating the atmospheric precipitation runoff consists in accumulating groundwater in the river valley spanned completely by thickness and width by the barrage 1 in the aquifer 2, in the underground reservoir 3 and aboveground water in the aboveground reservoir 4 of the river valley completely spanned by width by the dam 5, in high water periods of the year and their consumption by water intake either from the underground reservoir or from the aboveground one in low-water periods of the year, with the regulated water passage from one volume to another and to the consumer. According to the invention, before the barrage 1, a catchment 6 is arranged, and the process of water accumulation in the aboveground reservoir 4 is intensified during the period of intensive runoff of atmospheric precipitation by additionally letting in it water by regulated gravity from the catchment 6 of the underground reservoir 3.

EFFECT: possibility of reliable water abstraction in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in low-water periods of the year in valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to its effective accumulation during the period of intensive runoff.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to water supply and can be used in the regulation of underground and aboveground runoffs confined to the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up water courses to increase the reliability of water withdrawal or increase it.

There is a method of regulating groundwater reserves, which consists in creating a waterproof barrage in the transverse section of the river valley, completely covering the aquifer in thickness and width, accumulating groundwater in the underground reservoir during high water periods of the year and spending them in dry periods (Hydrogeology. Engineering geology // Results of science and technology. - M.: VINITI, 1974, v. 3, p. 15-16, Fig. 5b).

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of providing reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying up watercourse. The need for large areas of flooding with insufficient land use efficiency.

There is a method of regulating groundwater reserves, which consists in creating a hydraulic structure for regulating water reserves for water supply and irrigation purposes - an overhead dam - a water support structure that blocks a watercourse and its valley for raising the water level and accumulating surface runoff in an overground reservoir during high-water periods of the year and spending them in dry periods (Code of rules SP 40.13330.2012. Concrete and reinforced concrete dams: regulatory and technical material. - M.: VNIIG named after B.E. Vedeneev, OJSC, 2013, p. 4-5, Fig. 1 a-d).

The disadvantage of this method is the inability to ensure the accumulation and maintenance of the volume of water in the reservoir in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year, in river valleys with periodically drying up watercourse. The need for large areas of flooding with insufficient land use efficiency.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method of regulating groundwater reserves (Patent for invention RU No. 2569035, IPC Е03В 3/32, 3/06, publ. 11/20/2015. Bull. No. 32), including accumulation in the transverse section of the valley the river, which completely covers the aquifer in power, when in the transverse section of the river valley, above the zone of influence of the underground reservoir, additional accumulation of groundwater is carried out in an additional underground reservoir and the level of groundwater is controlled, when it falls, in section dzemnogo reservoir by controlled passage of water from the auxiliary reservoir to the main subterranean underground reservoir. Providing the possibility of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation.

The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of providing reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to the inefficient use of rainfall during their highest intensity.

The technical result is the provision of reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including during low-water periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, in view of the effective use of underground and above-ground runoff of atmospheric precipitation during the period of their highest intensity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method for controlling the stockpiles of atmospheric precipitation, which consists in accumulating in the river valley, completely in thickness and width, covered by a barrage in the aquifer, groundwater, in an underground reservoir and above ground water, in an above-ground reservoir, completely in width covered by a dam in a river valley, during high-water periods of the year and spending them by water intake or from an underground or above-ground reservoir in low-water periods of the year, with controlled passage of water from one volume and other consumer and, according to the invention before capping barrage satisfied and intensify the water accumulation process in an overhead reservoir during intensive rainfall runoff, by passing it additionally controlled by gravity from the water damming underground reservoir.

Distinctive features of the prototype are:

- monitoring the water level in the underground reservoir by arranging the elements of the capturing water intake facilities at the maximum elevations of the barrage;

- the effective use of the intensive runoff of atmospheric precipitation by controlled accumulation of water in the underground reservoir, followed by supply to the above-ground reservoir, regulated by gravity and (or) due to mechanical water supply;

- regulation of the flow of water from precipitation from the underground reservoir to the aboveground reservoir, from the capture and its shutdown, by means of adjusting fittings, during overflow of the aboveground reservoir;

- effective management of the groundwater level in the underground reservoir by intensively influencing it during the period of maximum water level marks, due to capturing and wells, followed by, with a decrease in precipitation runoff, exposure only due to water withdrawal from the well.

The specified set of distinctive features from the prototype makes it possible to provide reliable water withdrawal in the required volume throughout the entire period of operation, including in dry periods of the year in the valleys of mountain rivers with periodically drying watercourse, due to its effective accumulation during intensive runoff.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in Fig. 1 schematically shows a longitudinal section of a portion of a river valley on which a method for regulating atmospheric precipitation flow is implemented by installing in a transverse section of the river valley barrage 1 in an aquifer 2. Barrage 1 is created, for example, by the “Wall in Ground” method, waterproof, completely in power and the width of the overlapping aquifer 2 and thereby ensure the prevention of underground runoff, beyond the barrage 1, backwater groundwater and favorable conditions for their accumulation in the aquifer 2 above the alignment In this area, forming a underground reservoir 3. Below the barrage 1, in the zone of influence on each other, there is a “mirror” of the above-ground reservoir 4 formed by dam 5, which completely covers the river valley. Capture 6 was made above the barrage 1, the water from which flows through a pipeline or tray 7 reinforced with distribution valves by regulated gravity into the above-ground reservoir 4, when filling the underground reservoir 3. Well 8, with an artesian pump, located in the zone of influence of the underground reservoir 3, and Pipeline 9 provides water from the underground reservoir 3 to the aboveground reservoir 4 formed by the dam 5. From the aboveground reservoir 4 water, through the onshore pumping station, through the pipeline system 10, aetsya consumer. The maximum water levels that can be reached, respectively, in the aboveground reservoir 4, is position 11, after which the excess water is discharged through the catastrophic spillway in dam 5, and in the underground reservoir 3, this is position 12, after which the water flows through the barrage 1 and moves further freely along the river bed. The minimum volume of the above-ground reservoir 4 corresponds to its "dead" volume at marks 13.

Regulation of rainfall stocks by this device is implemented as follows. In the high water period of the year before the low water period, groundwater and groundwater inflows accumulate in the underground reservoir 3 and in the elevated reservoir 4, respectively, due to the infiltration of atmospheric precipitation and flood waters flooding part of the valley directly on the catchment areas of both reservoirs. Thus, provided that groundwater inflows over other components of the balance, in particular over water withdrawal from well 8 by pipeline 9, groundwater accumulates in underground reservoir 3. Provided that overhead flow prevails over water intake through the onshore pumping station, via pipeline system 10, from above-ground reservoir 4, the accumulation of runoff in the above-ground reservoir 4.

In the initial period of low water, when the surface watercourse dries up, in the underground reservoir 3, the surface of the underground water occupies position 12, and in the aboveground reservoir 4 the water level corresponds to position 11.

When the influx of water into the above-ground reservoir 4 due to the flow of precipitation decreases, the situation arises that the withdrawal through the onshore pumping station, through the pipeline system 10, exceeds the external influx of water. In this case, the water level gradually drops and can reach the minimum mark 13 of the "dead" volume of the reservoir. However, in the initial period of low water availability, the volume of water in the underground reservoir 3 remains unchanged and corresponds to its maximum values, that is, position 12 and the water, through capturing 6, through a pipeline or tray 7, flows by regulated gravity into the above-ground reservoir 4. When the marks fall in underground reservoir 3 below the captation marks 6, i.e. when it does not work, in order to prevent the water level in the above-ground reservoir 4 from falling to a “dead” volume corresponding to the minimum marks 13, into the above-ground reservoir 4, water is released from the underground reservoir 3, through a pipeline 9, through a well 8.

In the high-water period of the year, when there is either heavy rainfall or intense snowmelt due to the incommensurably smaller volume of water concentrated in the underground reservoir 3, its filling occurs much faster, filling the above-ground reservoir 4. The water level in the underground reservoir 3 rises quickly, reaches maximum marks 12, and water flows through the barrage 1, which corresponds to the maximum level of water in the river. The volume of water flowing through the barrage 1, moving along the riverbed, is partially filtered into groundwater and only partially reaches the aboveground reservoir 4. For the efficient use of underground rainfall, as soon as possible to fill the aboveground reservoir 4, capturing 6 is arranged before the barrage 1, intercepting underground waters when overflowing underground reservoir 3, directing them directly to the aboveground reservoir 4. At the same time, water from the underground reservoir 3 can be supplied to the aboveground reservoir 4 by tr to the pipeline or tray 7 and through the pipeline 9, through the well 8. Due to the fact that the underground reservoir 3 is located, according to geodesic marks, above the above-ground reservoir 4, the water from the capture 6 is supplied to the underlying reservoir 4 by gravity through the pipeline or tray 7. When the filling of the aboveground reservoir 4 to a maximum of 11, the flow of water from the underground reservoir 3 is stopped, both from the pipeline 9, through the well 8, and by means of control valves installed on the pipeline or tray 7, coming from the capture 6.

Claims (1)

The method of regulating the stocks of rainfall stock, which consists in the accumulation in the river valley, completely in thickness and width blocked by a barge in the aquifer, groundwater in the underground reservoir and above ground water in the above-ground reservoir completely in width by the dam of the river valley, in high-water periods of the year and expenditure their intake either from the underground or from the above-ground reservoir in dry periods of the year, with controlled passage of water from one volume to another and to the consumer through mechanical water-lifting, characterized in that before the barrage they arrange capping and intensify the process of water accumulation in the above-ground reservoir during the period of intense runoff of atmospheric precipitation, by passing additional water into it by regulated gravity flow from the capping of the underground reservoir.

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