RU2620881C1 - Single-channel device for measurement of amplitude-temporal and frequency parameters of signals with digital detection - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: method is implemented by introducing a digital detector 3, an anti-aliasing and decimation device 4, a detector 6, a frequency meter 7, the primary parameters meter 8, switch of measurement results 9.1, switch of selection results 9.2, the data transfer controller 10, the secondary parameters meter 11, amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of the pulses selector switches 12.1, 12.2 and 12.3, respectively, memory unit 13, while the output of intermediate-frequency (IF) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is connected to a digital detector whose output is connected to an anti-aliasing and decimation device whose output is connected to the detector, the output of detector is connected to the primary parameters meter, and the signal from the output of IF ADC is delayed in the delay line 5 and is transmitted to the frequency meter 7, then fed to the input of switch of measurement results 9.1, the output of which is connected to the data transfer controller 10, the controller output is connected to the secondary parameters meter 11, the output of which is connected to the amplitude of pulse selector switch 12.1, to the duration of pulse selector switch 12.2, to the carrier frequency of pulse selector switch 12.3, the outputs of the selectors are connected to the switch of selection results 9.2, the output data is stored in memory unit 13.

EFFECT: qualitative expansion of measured impulse parameters list by measuring frequency and time parameters on one IF channel with digital envelope detection, increase in sensitivity and noise immunity of system due to use of anti-aliasing and decimation device, amplitude, duration and carrier frequency selector switches.

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Description

The invention relates to radio-measuring equipment and can be used in digital oscilloscopes, panoramic radios and in equipment for monitoring and analysis of parameters of radio emission sources.

A device for measuring the pulse repetition period developed by V.I. Simonov, A.A. Chizhov (patent RU No. 2020496, IPC G01R 29/02), which allows to measure the pulse repetition period with high precision equipment.

A known method for determining the generalized parameters of the pulses, developed by L.I. Woollo (copyright certificate SU No. 1709243, IPC G01R 29/02), which allows to measure the generalized amplitude and duration of pulses or a periodic pulse sequence by measuring the volt-second area.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is the selected device as a prototype pulse width measurement (copyright certificate SU No. 1824597, IPC G01R 29/02), which allows you to measure the pulse duration with equipment with a small number of elements with a high degree of integration.

Significant disadvantages of these devices are the outdated elemental base and the cumbersomeness of the constructive implementation while limiting the measurement of only temporal parameters of the pulses (duration / repetition period), which does not provide the necessary completeness and quality of the description of the received pulses.

The aim of the invention is a qualitative expansion of the list of measured pulse parameters by measuring along one channel of an intermediate frequency (IF) without preliminary detection of pulses, as well as increasing the sensitivity and noise immunity of the system through the use of a smoothing and decimation device, selectors in amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of pulses.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a known system (device) containing, filters, analog-to-digital converter (ADC), comparison circuits, switches, registers, counters, a clock generator (GTI), subtractors, shapers, time recording unit, according to the invention introduced a digital detector, a smoothing and decimation device, a detector, a frequency meter, primary and secondary parameter meters, a data transfer controller, selectors in amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of the pulse, a storage unit VA (BZU), while the output of the digital detector is connected to a smoothing and decimation device, the output of which is connected to the detector, the detector output is connected to the primary parameter meter, while the signal from the output of the ADC inverter is delayed in the delay line and transmitted to the frequency meter, then to the input of the measurement results switch, the output of which is connected to the data transfer controller, the controller output is connected to a secondary parameter meter, the output of which is connected to the selectors in amplitude, duration and the carrier frequency of the pulse, the outputs of the selectors are connected to a switch selection results, output data are stored in the BSC.

A comparative analysis of the technical solution with the device selected as a prototype shows that the novelty of the technical solution is to integrate new circuit elements into the claimed device: a digital detector, a smoothing and decimation device, a detector, a frequency meter, a switch, a primary and secondary parameter meter, and a controller data transmission, selectors in amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of the pulse, BZU.

Thus, the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Analysis of known technical solutions in the studied and related fields allows us to conclude that the introduced functional units are known. However, their introduction into a single-channel device for measuring the amplitude-time and frequency parameters of signals with digital detection with the indicated connections gives this device new properties. The introduced functional units interact in such a way that they can qualitatively expand the list of measured impulse parameters by measuring along one IF channel and digitally detect the envelope (video signal), as well as increase the sensitivity and noise immunity of the system through the use of a smoothing and decimation device, selectors by amplitude, duration and the carrier frequency of the pulse.

Thus, the technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step", since it does not explicitly follow from the prior art for a specialist.

The invention can be used in digital oscilloscopes, panoramic radios, as well as in equipment for monitoring and analyzing parameters of radio emission sources for detecting, measuring amplitude-time and frequency parameters of signals for the purpose of subsequent selection and classification of signals from a stream of pulse parameters on one IF channel.

Thus, the invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

In FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a single-channel device for measuring amplitude-time and frequency parameters of signals with digital detection, which contains:

1 - ADC inverter;

2 - GTI;

3 - digital detector;

4 - a device for smoothing and decimation;

5 - delay line;

6 - detector;

7 - frequency meter;

8 - primary parameter meter;

9.1 - switch of measurement results;

9.2 - commutator of selection results;

10 - data transfer controller;

11 - secondary parameter meter;

12.1 is a pulse amplitude selector;

12.2 - selector for pulse duration;

12.3 - selector for the carrier frequency of the pulse;

13 - BZU.

In FIG. 2 - table comparing analogues of the measured parameters.

In a single-channel device for measuring the amplitude-time and frequency parameters of signals with digital detection (Fig. 1), the output of the ADC inverter is connected to a digital detector, the output of which is connected to a smoothing and decimation device, the output of which is connected to the detector, the output of the detector is connected to the primary parameter meter, the signal from the output of the ADC inverter is delayed in the delay lines and transmitted to the frequency meter, then it is fed to the input of the measurement results switch, the output of which is connected to the controller data transmission, the controller output is connected to a secondary parameter meter, the output of which is connected to the selectors in terms of amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of the pulse, the selector outputs are connected to the selection results switch, the output data is stored in the CCD.

The proposed device operates as follows.

During monitoring in radio engineering there is a need for classification, recognition and identification of received pulsed signals in the automatic / automated mode of operation of the equipment. To do this, it is necessary to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the received pulses using special devices in the form of a pulse parameter stream, convenient for further processing in a special device or electronic computer (computer). Therefore, a special device for measuring the parameters of pulsed signals is required.

To solve these problems in the proposed device, microwave (microwave) signals are converted and fed to the inputs of the device for measuring the amplitude-time and frequency parameters of the signals at the inverter.

Further, in the ADC inverter, the quantization and sampling procedures of the radio signal are performed with the possibility of selecting the sampling frequency. Based on the quantization results, the digital detector generates a video signal (envelope of a radio pulse without a carrier frequency): using the amplitude demodulation of the input signal, the results of its ADC - {As _j } are converted into an array {| As _j |}, which is then smoothed by a digital low-pass filter implemented in as a dynamic window function using the principles of incoherent accumulation.

After that, the amplitude-time samples enter the smoothing and decimation unit, where the outliers and gross measurement errors in terms of the amplitude and time of arrival of the pulses are eliminated, and the smoothing procedure is constructed based on the autocorrelation function with a variable window size according to the formula for each pulse:

,

,

where A _i - i-th amplitude of the pulse,

A _{i + k} - i + k-th amplitude of the pulse,

i = 1 ... N (TST-number of samples of the ADC pulse on the Video channel)

k is the programmable window size of the autocorrelation function (from 16 to 256 points).

The data then goes to the detector, which performs the pulse detection procedure and transmits the detection results to the primary parameter meter. The detector is built on the basis of the criterion for the video signal exceeding a threshold set by software using a special command.

The primary parameter meter controls the operation of the detector, performs a preliminary calculation of the temporal parameters of the signals and controls the process of recording informative data in the BZU by forming a detection flag.

In parallel with the operation of blocks 3, 4, 6, 8, the carrier frequency / radiation spectrum width is measured in the frequency measuring unit 7 using the fast Fourier transform algorithm for 1024 points. In this case, the parameters of the radio signal are delayed for a time sufficient to detect the pulse according to the data from the digital detector and the primary measurement of the parameters using the delay line 5.

The detected signal after data thinning (by the criterion of the minimum allowable pulse duration) is supplied to the primary meter, which determines the amplitude, duration and time of arrival of the pulses.

The switch of measurement results 9.1 provides data recording of the detected signal in the CCD only if there is a detection sign, and when calibrating the meter, it switches the data flows of the amplitude-time and frequency parameters of the pulses.

After the switch, the data stream enters the data transfer controller of the buffer memory 10 and through it to the BZU. The controller performs the switching of banks for writing and reading.

The secondary parameter meter 11 reads the parameters of the pulses from the BZU 13. Data is sequentially transmitted between the modules for measuring the amplitude, duration, the corrector of the time of arrival. The output data is transmitted to the selectors with an amplitude of 12.1, a duration of 12.2, and a carrier frequency of a pulse of 12.3, which carry out the selection procedure for the updated signal parameters. Selectors work on the principle of bandpass filters according to the value of the pulse parameter (duration, amplitude and carrier frequency) in accordance with the criterion:

P _min <P _i <P _max ,

where P _min , P _max - the minimum and maximum value of the pulse parameter,

P _i - ie the value of the momentum parameter.

The measured parameters using the switch of the results of selection 9.2 are recorded in the BZU 13 together with the digitized signals with a history and post-history. The length of the prehistory and posthistory is selected programmatically and is a maximum of about 250 not each. On command, the data from the BZU are transferred to the computer for further processing.

The device generates a status word, which contains information about the state of the system (started or stopped), signs of stopping, the number of received pulses, the volume of the ROM.

Thus, a positive effect has been achieved consisting in a qualitative expansion of the list of measured pulse parameters by measuring the frequency and time parameters on one channel with digital detection and increasing the sensitivity of the system through the use of a smoothing and decimation device. The use of the proposed device in modern and promising complexes of radio control allows under the same conditions to expand the list of measured pulse parameters by measuring the frequency and time parameters on one channel: the amplitude, arrival time, repetition period, carrier frequency are added to the duration measured by the prototype , pulse width of the spectrum.

To implement the inventive device used known elements and circuits produced by foreign industry. Blocks 3-12 are implemented on the XILINX KINTEX7 reprogrammable logic integrated circuit. Blocks 1, 2, 13 are separate microcircuits.

Claims (1)

A single-channel device for measuring the amplitude-time and frequency parameters of signals with digital detection, containing an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) along the intermediate frequency channel (IF) - an ADC IF, a clock generator (GTI), a delay line, switches of measurement results and selection results, characterized in that a digital detector, a smoothing and decimation device, a detector, a frequency meter, primary and secondary parameter meters, a data transfer controller, amplitude selectors are introduced into it oud, duration and carrier frequency of the pulse, a memory unit (BZU), while the GTI output is connected to the ADC inverter, the ADC output of the inverter is connected to a digital detector, the output of the digital detector is connected to the smoothing and decimation device, the output of the smoothing and decimation device is connected to the detector , the detector output is connected to the primary parameter meter, while the signal from the ADC output of the inverter is delayed in parallel in the delay line and transmitted to the frequency meter and synchronously with the signal from the primary meter to the input of the switch of measurement results, the output of which is connected to the controller of data transmission, the output of the controller of data transmission is connected to a secondary parameter meter, the output of which is connected to the selectors in amplitude, duration and carrier frequency of the pulse, the outputs of the selectors are connected to the switch of selection results, the output of the switch of selection results connected to the BZU.

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