RU2616934C1 - Mulching composition content - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to chemistry of polymeric substances used in mixtures with organic and synthesized natural substances for the soil improvement. Composition mulch comprises ingredients in the following proportions, in parts by weight lignosulfonate: (0.1-0.5), carbamide (0.4-0.8), Na-carboxymethylcellulose (0.3-0.4) monosubstituted potassium phosphate (6-8), the crushed stalks of sunflower and maize (20-24).

EFFECT: provided utilisation of human economic activity waste while improving the condition of the soil.

Description

The invention relates to the chemistry of polymeric substances used in a mixture with organic synthesized and natural substances to improve the soil in gardening, horticulture, in particular, compositions for mulching various types of soils, lawns, park areas.

Mulching is the covering of the soil under fruit trees or vegetable plants with a protective layer. You can also mulch the soil between the beds or rows of vegetables. As mulch, various materials are used.

In nature, under the trees and shrubs there is always a layer of fallen leaves, needles, dead plant remains. This organic layer protects the soil from erosion, drying out, weathering. Mulching has similar effects. At the same time, it enriches the soil with organic substances and promotes the development of the plant root system.

Mulching prevents the formation of crust on the surface of the soil, reduces the growth of weeds. Accordingly, the number of irrigations is reduced and there is no need to engage in regular weeding. Under a layer of mulch, the earth breathes easier. This is especially true for clay soils, since the mulch does not let in sunlight and does not allow the solidification of the earth.

Under the mulch layer, soil bacteria actively propagate. For many of them, mulch is an additional source of nutrients. Under the mulch, earthworms and small animals breed well, which contribute to improving the structure of the soil. In summer, a layer of green mulch easily and quickly process microorganisms. In this regard, the mulch must be periodically poured.

Under the mulch layer, soil temperature and humidity are optimal for plants. Changes in soil temperature occur less sharply. This has a positive effect on the metabolism in plants. The greatest effect of mulching is observed in areas with dry weather, since mulch prevents the evaporation of moisture from the soil. Weeds die under the mulch, as they are deficient in sunlight.

Known (RU, 2034899, publ. 05/10/1995) the composition of the mulching coating containing polyacrylamide, urea, lignosulfonate, potassium chloride and water.

The known technical solution did not contain natural materials that could decompose the soil upon decomposition. In addition, the potassium chloride used was very quickly dissolved when the mulching composition was applied to the soil.

Also known (RU patent 2497918, publ. 10.11.2013) is a mulching coating composition containing lignosulfonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, potassium chloride, and as natural additives moss of the species Sphagniidae, pine needles Pinus sylvestris, pine pine shells Pinus sylvestris, pine pine shells sibirica and chips of Pinus sylvestris pine bark.

This mulching composition has the same drawbacks as the previous analogue, in addition, it contains components that are not usually used in human activities and which must be separately procured.

The technical problem solved by the developed invention is to expand the range of mulching compositions of a wide scope.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the developed composition is the disposal of waste from human activities while improving the soil condition.

To achieve the technical result, it is proposed to use a mulching composition containing lignosulfonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, while it additionally contains monosubstituted potassium phosphate, ground sunflower and corn stalks in a ratio (wt.):

lignosulfonate 0.1-0.5 urea 0.4-0.8 Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4 monosubstituted potassium phosphate 6-8 shredded stems sunflower and corn 20-24

In addition to the main functions of mulching the soil, the developed composition allows you to effectively dispose of waste from human activities.

In preparing the mulching composition, all components are ground in any known manner using any grinding equipment to the required size (usually 1-3 mm) and mixed using any mixing device. Application to the soil is carried out in any known manner.

The invention will be further illustrated using examples of implementation.

Example 1

The developed composition used in the garden plot on planting strawberries contains lignosulfonate, urea, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, monosubstituted potassium phosphate, crushed stalks of sunflower and corn in the ratio (wt.):

lignosulfonate 0.1 urea 0.4 Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3 monosubstituted potassium phosphate 6 chopped stalks of sunflower and corn twenty

These components were ground using a garden shredder and mixed using it. At the beginning of summer, a layer of mulching coating of the specified composition with a thickness of 5-7 mm was applied to the aisles. During the summer, mulching composition was added twice to a layer thickness of 5-7 mm. During the summer, there was a lack of crust on the soil surface, a weak growth of weeds, a decrease in the need for watering, a decrease in rotting berries, an increase in the number of earthworms.

Example 2

The developed composition used for mulching tree trunks of fruit trees contains lignosulfonate, carbamide, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, monosubstituted potassium phosphate, ground sunflower and corn stalks in the ratio (wt.):

lignosulfonate 0.5 urea 0.8 Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.4 monosubstituted potassium phosphate 8 chopped stalks of sunflower and corn 24

The composition was prepared in a similar manner. At the beginning of May, a layer about 2 cm thick was poured onto the trunk circles. During the summer, a mulching layer was added once. During the summer, there was a lack of crust on the surface of the soil, a weak growth of weeds, a decrease in the need for watering, and an increase in the number of earthworms.

Example 3

The developed composition used for mulching the tree trunk circles of fruit bushes (currants, gooseberries, raspberries, blackberries) contains lignosulfonate, urea, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, monosubstituted potassium phosphate, chopped sunflower and corn stalks in the ratio (wt.

lignosulfonate 0.1-0.5 urea 0.6 Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.35 monosubstituted potassium phosphate 7 shredded stems sunflower and corn 22

The composition was prepared in a similar manner. At the beginning of May, a layer about 1.5 cm thick was poured onto the trunk circles. During the summer, a mulching layer was added once. During the summer, there was a lack of crust on the surface of the soil, a weak growth of weeds, a decrease in the need for watering, and an increase in the number of earthworms.

Claims (2)

The composition of the mulching coating containing lignosulfonate, urea, Na-carboxymethyl cellulose, characterized in that it additionally contains monosubstituted potassium phosphate, crushed stalks of sunflower and corn (wt.): lignosulfonate 0.1-0.5 urea 0.4-0.8 Na-carboxymethyl cellulose 0.3-0.4 monosubstituted potassium phosphate 6-8 shredded stems sunflower and corn 20-24