RU2614804C1 - Method for producing vegetable oils with pre-extrusion processing of raw materials, and line for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: method for producing vegetable oils with the pre-extrusion processing of raw materials provides hulling peeled oilseeds with obtaining hulling mixture, its division into the husk and the kernel. The husk is then ground to the size of 0.4 … 0.6 mm, and fed to filtration as a filter element, the kernel is fed to extrusion processing, for which purpose it is subjected to compression at the high pressure of 4.6 MPa and heating at the temperature of 105…110°C; the moisture in the form of vapour, resulting in the process, is removed, and the oil seed meal resulting after the kernels compression is fed to oil extraction; the resulting unfiltered oil is fed to the filtration, the oilcake obtained during the oil extraction is ground, mixed with the husk after filtration, with a stabiliser, mineral raw materials and vitamins to produce a protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate, and sent to storage or animal feeding. The production line of vegetable oils with the preparatory extrusion processing of raw materials involves a hulling machine to produce hulling mixture, a seed aspirator for separating the hulling mixture into fractions with obtaining husk and kernels, a rolling mill for grinding the husks, a filter, an extruder mill, consisting of 3 sections and equipped with a conveying screw, section I for preparatory extrusion processing of raw materials is equipped with a feed hopper, section II is designed for removing fumes resulting from the kernels heating by a vacuum pump and transportating the pulp in section III, section III is designed for oil extraction, provided with discharge openings for the oil and oilcake output; a mill for milling the oilcake, hoppers for the storage of stabilisers, minerals and vitamins, with rotary dispensers installed in their bottom part, a mixer for mixing the husk after filtration, stabilisers, minerals and vitamins with obtaining protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates are additionally installed in the line.

EFFECT: invention allows to increase the purification degree of vegetable oils, to increase the yield of the finished product, to improve the ready oil quality, to reduce the equipment amount and the production floor space, to create a waste-free and environmentally friendly technology for the production of vegetable oils, to expand the specialization of the proposed line for the vegetable oils production.

2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

Method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials and a line for its implementation

The invention relates to the oil industry and can be used in the processing of oilseeds.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a method and a line for processing sunflower seeds, including a unit for cleaning sunflower seeds from impurities, a unit for crushing seeds to produce a rushanki, a unit for dividing the russanks into fractions to produce a kernel, a unit for crushing the kernel to produce a peppermint, and a thermal and moisture unit processing of peppermint with obtaining pulp and its pressing, in which the node for cleaning seeds from weedy impurities is an air-sieve separator, the node for breaking seeds is centrifugal collapses digits together with the machine, the separation into fractions node rushanki - semenoveyki suction, aspiration and sieving column kernel crushing assembly to obtain myatki - roller mills, processing node vlagoteplovoj myatki to obtain mash and its compacting - pressing units [V. Kopeikovsky. The technology of production of vegetable oils [Text]: Textbook (V. M. Kopeikovsky, S. I. Danilchuk, G. I. Garbuzova and others. - M.: Light and food industry, 1982. - S.143-145].

The disadvantage of this method and line is the low degree of purification of vegetable oils, a small yield of oil, the need to use equipment for grinding, thermal treatment and squeezing of oil, the problem of utilization of husks, the absence of non-waste environmentally friendly technology, the narrow specialization of the line aimed only for obtaining vegetable oils.

An object of the invention is to develop a method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials and a line for its implementation, which can increase the degree of purification of vegetable oils, improve the quality of vegetable oil, increase the oil yield due to preliminary extrusion processing, reduce the number of units of equipment used by using extruder-oil press, which allows to reduce the production area of the room, continuously performing to carry out operations of grinding, thermal and moisture treatment and extraction of raw materials, reduce energy consumption, create non-waste and environmentally friendly technology for the production of vegetable oils, expand the specialization of the proposed line for the production of vegetable oils through the production of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates sent for storage and animal feed.

To solve the technical problem of the invention, a method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is proposed, characterized in that the peeled oilseeds are crushed to produce a rushanka, divided into husks and kernels, the husks are crushed to a size of 0.4 ... 0.6 mm and sent for filtering as a filter element, the core is sent to extrusion processing, for which it is subjected to compression at a high pressure of 4-6 MPa and heating at a temperature of 105 ... 110 ° C, the moisture that forms in this case e vapors are removed, and the mint formed after compression of the core is sent to oil extraction, the obtained unfiltered oil is sent to filtering, the oil obtained during the oil extraction is crushed, mixed with husk after filtering, with a stabilizer, mineral raw materials and vitamins to obtain protein-vitamin -mineral concentrate and sent for storage or animal feed.

The vegetable oil production line with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials includes a crushing machine for making russanks, a seed mill for dividing the rusk into fractions to produce husks and kernels, a roller mill for grinding husks, a filter, an extruder-oil press, consisting of 3 sections and equipped with a conveying screw , Section I for preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is equipped with a loading funnel, Section II is designed to remove the vapors generated when the core is heated, by a vacuum pump and transport pulping into section III, section III - for squeezing the oil, equipped with outlet openings for the output of oil and oilcake, the line is additionally equipped with a crusher for grinding oilcake, silos for storing stabilizers, minerals and vitamins with rotary batchers installed in their lower part, mixer for mixing husks after filtering, stabilizers, minerals and vitamins to obtain protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the degree of purification of vegetable oils, increase the quality indicators of vegetable oil, increase the oil yield due to preliminary extrusion processing, reduce the number of units of equipment used, through the use of an extruder-oil press, which allows to reduce the production area of the room, continuously carry out grinding operations, heat and moisture treatment and extraction of raw materials, reducing energy costs, creating waste-free and eco-friendly a logically pure technology for the production of vegetable oils, expanding the specialization of the proposed line for the production of vegetable oils through the production of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates sent for storage and animal feed.

In FIG. 1 shows a line for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials.

The vegetable oil production line with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials contains: a caving machine 1; seed 2; roller mill 3, extruder-oil press 4, consisting of 3 sections: I section of preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials, II section is designed to remove vapors using a vacuum pump 5 and transport the pulp to section III, III section of oil extraction, filter 6; crusher 7, a hopper for storing stabilizers 8 with rotary batchers 11 installed in their lower part, a hopper for storing mineral raw materials 9 with rotary batchers installed in their lower part 11, a vitamins storage bin 10 with rotary batchers 11 installed in their lower part, mixer 12 .

A method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is as follows.

The peeled oilseeds are uncovered in a crushing machine to produce a rushka, they are divided into a husk and a core in a seed-mill, the husk is crushed in a roller mill to a size of 0.4 ... 0.6 mm and sent for filtering as a filter element, the core is sent for extrusion processing into an extruder-oil press, for which it is subjected to compression at a high pressure of 4-6 MPa and heating at a temperature of 105 ... 110 ° C, the moisture formed in this case in the form of vapor is removed, and the wrinkle formed after compression of the core is sent to the oil, obtained unfiltered oil is fed to the filtration obtained with spinning oil cake is ground, mixed with husk after filtration, with stabilizer, minerals and vitamins to obtain a protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate and sent to storage or animal feed.

The production line of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is as follows.

The feedstock enters the crushing machine 1 to obtain a russank, seed 2 for dividing the rusk into fractions to obtain husks and kernels, and the husk is fed to a roller mill 3 for grinding, installed after the seed 2 and then onto filter 6 as a filter element, and the core is sent to an extruder-oil press 4, consisting of 3 sections and equipped with a conveying screw, I section for preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials, equipped with a loading funnel, allowing to combine the process of grinding the core and heat and moisture treatment, section II is designed to remove the vapors generated when the core is heated by vacuum pump 5 and transport the pulp to section III, section III - to squeeze out the oil, equipped with exhaust openings for the output of oil and oil cake, the crusher 7 for grinding is additionally installed in the line cake, bins 8, 9, 10 for storage with rotary batchers 11 installed in their lower part for stabilizers, minerals and vitamins, and a mixer 12 for mixing husks after filtering, stabilizers, minerals and amines to give a protein-vitamin and mineral concentrates.

A method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is illustrated by the following example.

Example 1

Safflower seeds with an initial moisture content of 8% go to a crushing machine, where the peeled seeds are crushed to produce a rushanka, the rushanka is divided into husks and kernels, the husks are crushed to a size of 0.5 mm and sent for filtering as a filter element, the core is sent for extrusion processing why it is compressed at a high pressure of 5 MPa and heated at a temperature of 107 ° C, the moisture formed in this case is removed in the form of vapors, and the wrinkle formed after compression of the core is directed to the oil extraction, the obtained non-filter Bathing oil is fed to the filtration obtained with spinning oil cake is ground, mixed with husk after filtration, with stabilizer, minerals and vitamins to obtain a protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate and sent to storage or animal feed. The obtained safflower oil was analyzed by the following indicators: acid number 1.52 mg KOH / g, peroxide number 7.7% J ₂ , refractive index 1.4774, 25 ° C.

If you change the pressure, then with insufficient pressure below 5 MPa there will be no deformation effects on the disclosure of the cell structure of the product for further extraction of vegetable oil, and at an overpressure of more than 10 MPa it is impractical, since it involves additional energy costs; the choice of temperature is due to the organoleptic properties of the finished oil, and a decrease in temperature below 105 ° C is associated with a decrease in the capillary mobility of the oil.

The proposed method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials and a line for its implementation allow:

- increase the degree of purification of vegetable oils,

- increase the yield of the finished product,

- increase the quality of the finished oil,

- reduce the amount of equipment and floor space through the use of an extruder-oil press,

- create a non-waste and environmentally friendly technology for the production of vegetable oils,

- expand the specialization of the proposed line for the production of vegetable oils through the release of protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates.

Claims (2)

1. A method for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials, characterized in that the peeled oilseeds are crushed to produce a rushanka, divided into husks and kernels, the husks are crushed to a size of 0.4 ... 0.6 mm and sent for filtering as filter element, the core is sent to extrusion processing, for which it is subjected to compression at a high pressure of 4-6 MPa and heating at a temperature of 105 ... 110 ° C, the moisture formed in this case in the form of vapors is removed, and the mint formed after compression I core, directed to oil extraction, the obtained unfiltered oil is sent to filtering, oil cake obtained during oil extraction is crushed, mixed with husk after filtering, with a stabilizer, mineral raw materials and vitamins to obtain protein-vitamin-mineral concentrate and sent for storage or animal feed . 2. The plant for the production of vegetable oils with preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials includes a crushing machine for making russanks, a seed mill for dividing the russanks into fractions to produce husks and kernels, a roller mill for grinding husks, a filter, an extruder-oil press, consisting of 3 sections and equipped conveying screw, section I for preliminary extrusion processing of raw materials is equipped with a loading funnel, section II is designed to remove the vapors generated by heating the core, a vacuum pump and a protractor pulp into section III, section III - for squeezing oil, equipped with outlet openings for outputting oil and oilcake, the line is additionally equipped with a crusher for grinding oilcake, silos for storing stabilizers, minerals and vitamins with rotary batchers installed in their lower part, mixer for mixing husks after filtering, stabilizers, minerals and vitamins to obtain protein-vitamin-mineral concentrates.

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