RU2613779C2 - Quencher of vibration for household appliance with rotating reel and household appliance with such quencher of vibration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a vibration quencher for a household appliance, particularly for a washing machine or drying machine, comprising a fixed support adapted to be mounted on the lower part of the housing of the household appliance, which has a vibrational band, which includes a tank, the reel, and the motor; pivot axis, mounted on a support , on which the radial friction element is mounted; a rotary lever, which is connected with the radial friction element and may be pivotally connected to the support element, both hinged to the lower portion of the tank; and an elastic element, which has at least a helical spring, whose windings are arranged around a pivot axis and connected to the pivot arm and a stable support, and a resilient member opposes the torsional force of the pivot lever and is made in such a way, that the torsional force fit the proportional part of the vibration group load, which is transmitted by the support element.

EFFECT: increased efficiency.

14 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a vibration damper for a household appliance with a fixed support, which can be fixedly mounted on the lower part of the housing of the household appliance, in which there is an oscillating group containing a tank in which the drum rotates around the axis of rotation; mounted on a support with a rotary axis; a radial friction element mounted on a rotary axis; and a pivot arm connected to a radial friction element, the free end of which is pivotally connected to a support element, which is pivotally connected to the lower part of the tank, which receives the load of the oscillating group. In addition, the invention relates to a household appliance comprising a housing containing an oscillating group comprising a tank in which a drum driven by a motor rotates, the tank at the top connected to the housing via at least a pair of supporting springs, and at the bottom connected by at least two supporting elements with a damping system, and the supporting element is pivotally connected to the housing, with the inclusion of at least one swivel containing a radial friction element. The invention is intended primarily for use in household electrical appliances, in particular in washing machines and machines for drying clothes.

In washing machines and clothes-drying machines having a laundry drum rotatably mounted in the washing solution tank, a vibration damping device connecting the washing solution tank to the housing is typically used. The vibration damping device suppresses vibration and noise caused by the rotational movement of the drum.

Vibrations are transmitted through damping elements in order to avoid transmitting the movements of the oscillating group (containing the washing solution tank, drum and motor) directly to the washing machine frame and, therefore, the occurrence of vibrations and noise on the frame.

Almost all commercially available washing machines have their own balancing and suspension schemes for their vibrational groups, that is, two or three springs located in the upper part, designed for a load, for example, from 42 kg to 48 kg (mass of the vibrational group). Being suspended from the top of the frame, they logically transmit vibrations and reactions to the machine, which are converted into vibrations and noise. At the bottom, the movement is damped by two or three damping elements.

The prior art linear damping systems designed to absorb these vibrations and containing piston-type shock absorbers, for example freely moving shock absorbers disclosed in patent document EP 1754908 A1 and characterized by a short stroke (from 5 mm to 8 mm) with minimal or no friction him. Such shock absorbers function essentially during periods when the engine of the machine increases or decreases the speed of rotation of the drum, that is, when the oscillatory movements are lengthened due to greater inertia and exceed the amplitude of the free-wheeling of the shock absorber without friction, which then exerts a damping effect. When the load in the drum of the washing machine is stabilized after reaching a higher rotation speed, the amplitude of the oscillatory movements decreases, and the piston stroke decreases so much that it fits into the free wheel without developing friction. Thus, it is possible to reduce or eliminate the force transmitted to the frame, vibration, and therefore noise, since the frictional force does not develop due to the practical immobility of the tank, and the small produced movement is not limited by the shock absorber, i.e., the force is not transmitted to the frame. However, these linear freewheeling vibration dampers are notable for their relative complexity and cost.

A radial damper and its use in a washing machine are disclosed, for example, in patent document WO 2011/070092 A1. In such a shock absorber, the necessary friction force is provided in the radial direction by friction due to the rotation of the shaft driven by a rigid lever connected to the tank. An example is the “connecting rod - crankshaft” assembly, and the friction on the shaft in the radial direction is developed so that the force is not transmitted directly to the crossbar supporting the supports and bending transmission is excluded.

In known damping systems, a significant part of the mass of the vibrational group is held by springs on which the vibrational group is suspended, and, despite the presence of shock absorbers supporting the vibrational group from below, part of the vibration of the vibrational group can be transmitted to the housing of the household appliance through these springs.

The aim of the present invention is to overcome the above disadvantages inherent in the prior art, due to the vibration damper for a household appliance, in particular for a washing or drying machine, and a household appliance containing at least one vibration damper of this type.

The vibration damper, according to the invention, comprises a support for fixed installation on the lower part of the housing of the household appliance, in which there is an oscillation group containing a tank in which the drum rotates around the axis of rotation; a rotary axis installed in the first end socket and the second end socket of the support; radial friction element mounted on the intermediate part of the rotary axis; a pivot arm connected to a radial shock absorber, the free end being pivotally connected to a support element, which can be pivotally connected to the lower part of the tank, which receives the load of the oscillating group. In addition, the vibration damper comprises an elastic element comprising a first coil spring, the turns of which are located around the pivot axis between the first end socket and the radial friction element, and a second coil spring, the turns of which are located around the pivot axis between the second end socket and the radial friction element; moreover, each coil spring has a first end connected to the pivot arm and a second end connected to the support, so that it opposes the torsional force to the rotation of the pivot arm, while the first end of each coil spring slides in the guide groove of the pivot arm, allowing limited rotation of the pivot arm lever without opposing torsional forces.

The elastic element is made in such a way that the torsional force opposed to the rotation of the pivot arm corresponds to a proportional part of the load of the oscillating group transmitted by the support element, to which the pivot arm can be pivotally connected.

So, a household appliance, in particular a washing or drying machine according to the invention, comprises a housing accommodating an oscillating group, which in turn contains a tank in which a drum driven by a motor rotates. The tank in the upper part is connected to the housing by means of at least one pair of supporting springs, and in the lower part through at least two supporting elements it is connected to the vibration damping system. The support element is pivotally connected to the housing by the inclusion of at least one swivel comprising a radial vibration damper. In addition, this household appliance is characterized in that at least one of the pivot arms is connected to an vibration damper characterized by at least the features disclosed above or one or more features disclosed in the preferred embodiments of the vibration damper described below.

The vibration damper is designed to oppose the torsional force to the load of the vibrational group, perceived by the support element, pivotally connected to the pivot arm. The load of the vibrational group is determined by the mass of the node formed by the tank, drum and engine forming the vibrational group, the mass of the maximum volume of water present in the tank, and the maximum possible mass of laundry placed in the drum, and the load during rotation of the drum during washing and centrifugation causes the development of forces causing these vibrations, the transmission of which to the housing of the washing machine can be weakened by the use of the vibration damper described by the invention. In a washing machine with a capacity of 7 kg of laundry, such an oscillating group usually has a mass of 42 kg to 48 kg, and the maximum total mass of water and linen is usually about 15 kg.

According to the invention, the elastic element comprises a first coil spring, the turns of which are located around the pivot axis between the first end socket and the radial shock absorber, and a second coil spring, the turns of which are located around the pivot axis between the second end socket and the radial shock absorber.

The pivot arm may comprise two eyes pivotally connected to the support member, the first coil spring being connected at its first end to one of the eyes and the second end at the first end socket, and the second coil spring will be connected at its first end to the other eye, and the second end - with the second end socket.

Preferably, the first end of each coil spring is connected to the pivot arm in the vicinity of the pivot axis. This first end of each coil spring is connected to the pivot arm in such a way as to allow limited rotation of the pivot arm without opposing the torsional force, which prevents vibrations that are below a certain threshold and do not lead to significant vibration of the housing of the appliance, thus, in this case activation of the vibration damper is not required, which reduces wear of the vibration damper.

To achieve this effect, a guide groove is made on the pivot arm in which the first end of the coil spring slides during the limited rotation of the pivot arm and which extends perpendicular to the pivot axis. This guide groove comprises an upper guide, a lower guide and a support wall, which is located between the first ends of the upper guide and the lower guide and serves as a support for the first end of the coil spring when the pivot arm receives the load of the oscillating group applied to the support element pivotally connected to the pivot arm . The guide groove may include a retaining wall located between the second ends of the upper and lower rails opposite the supporting wall. Alternatively, the guide groove may be a recess containing, instead of the retaining wall, an access hole located between the second ends of the upper and lower guides opposite the support wall. If the pivot arm contains both eyes, then each of them will contain such a guide groove.

In one embodiment of the invention, the radial friction element comprises an outer sleeve connected to a pivot arm rotatably mounted relative to the pivot axis, and also contains internal friction elements radially surrounding the pivot axis and providing a friction force that dampens the rotational movement between the pivot axis and the outer sleeve. The radial friction element is designed to damp a certain type of vibration, namely, vibrations with the smallest amplitude and highest frequency that occur in a stabilized machine at a constant speed, that is, it can reduce friction and transfer vibrations to the housing of the household appliance at the stage of operation with a large number of revolutions and vibrations.

This radial friction element may comprise an inner sleeve rotatably inserted in the outer sleeve. The inner sleeve comprises an outer wall opposite the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and an internal axial channel in which the internal friction elements are applied radially, applying a friction force to at least the inner sleeve. The rotation between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve is limited by a rotation restriction system comprising at least one axial channel located between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve and at least one rotation restriction system located in the axial channel having a cross section in the shape of a ring segment bounded by two radial thrust surfaces. Each rotation limiting element is selected from the following: a protrusion extending from the inner wall of the outer sleeve, a protrusion extending from the outer wall of the inner sleeve, a sliding locking element, or a combination thereof. Each protrusion is made with the possibility of movement in the corresponding axial channel so that when the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve rotate relative to each other, each protrusion has free movement in the axial channel bounded by the indicated abutment surfaces. The free rotation between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve may, for example, correspond to an arc of 1 ° to 4 °. Due to this free running, it is possible to achieve that only vibrations caused by vibrations transmitted by the support element with an intensity exceeding a predetermined threshold value (corresponding to the intensity below which these vibrations transfer vibrations of an acceptable level to the housing of the household appliance) force the sliding locking elements to move the amount of free play before stopping by the corresponding thrust surfaces and exert more or less pressure on these surfaces, causing the rotation of light on the internal sleeve in one direction or the other. These rotational movements will decay due to the resistance to rotation provided by the internal friction elements acting from the surface of the inner axial channel of the inner sleeve to the peripheral surface of the rotary axis. In contrast, if the vibrations transmitted by the support member are below a specified threshold value, the sliding locking members will move by the amount of free play and will not be stopped by the resistant surfaces.

Preferably, the resilient member is configured so that the torsional force that counteracts the rotation of the pivot arm is between 80% and 90% of the load of the vibration group transmitted by the support member pivotally coupled to the pivot arm. In the presence of more than one elastic element, each of these elements is designed to counter part of the torsional force proportional to the load of the vibrational group.

Given the above, the present invention allows to reduce the level of vibration and noise caused by vibrations of the vibrational group, thanks to the vibration damper with a simple and reliable design, which is very easy to assemble.

Aspects and embodiments of the present invention are disclosed in the description below with reference to preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

in FIG. 1 is a front view in perspective view of a washing machine suitable for installing a damping system with an oscillation damper;

in FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA shown in FIG. one;

in FIG. 3 is a top view in a perspective view of one embodiment of a vibration damper;

in FIG. 4 is a top rear view corresponding to the first embodiment of the vibration damper shown in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 is a top side view of the left pivot arm included in the vibration damper shown in FIG. four;

in FIG. 6 is a top side view of the right swing arm included in the vibration damper shown in FIG. four;

in FIG. 7 is a top rear view corresponding to the first embodiment of the vibration damper shown in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 8 is a top side view of the left pivot arm included in the vibration damper shown in FIG. 7;

in FIG. 9 is a top side view of the right pivot arm included in the vibration damper shown in FIG. 7;

in FIG. 10 is a side view in perspective view of an embodiment of a radial friction element included in the vibration damper shown in FIG. 3;

in FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a radial vibration damper along line BB shown in FIG. four.

In FIG. 1 and 2, an embodiment of a household appliance 9 is shown in the form of a washing machine 9, which typically comprises a housing 10. The housing 10 comprises a front wall 11 with a loading hole 12 that provides access to the drum 13 and is closed by the loading door 14. Inside the housing 10 is an oscillating group comprising a tank 15 in which the drum 13 rotates and which has a front opening 14 facing the loading hole 12. The drum 13 comprises a driven pulley 23 connected to the drive motor 21 by a belt 22. In addition, the housing 10 INH rear wall (not shown), a top wall 19, a lower base 20 and two side walls 25.

The tank 15 is connected to the upper part of the housing 10 by means of two supporting springs 17, hooked to the corresponding hooks 18 in the sides of the upper wall 19 of the housing 10, and to the lower part of the housing by two supporting elements 24 connected to the base 20 of the housing 10 in two positions, located directly next to the respective side walls 25 of the housing 10.

The inner end of each support element 24 is connected to the base 20 of the housing 10 through a corresponding vibration damper 1, comprising a fixed support 2 fixed to the base 20, a first swivel 26 containing a pivot axis 26, rotatably connected to the fixed support 2, and at least one pivot arm 5 connected to the pivot axis 3 through a friction damper (not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2). The inner end of the support member 24 is connected to the pivot arm 5 by a second pivot joint 26, while the upper end of each support member 24 is pivotally connected to the tub 15 by a third pivot joint 29.

The vibration dampers 1 are designed to withstand torsional forces, in the aggregate, corresponding to 80-90% of the load of the vibration group transmitted by the supporting elements 24 pivotally connected to the pivot arms 5, while the rest of the load is perceived by the supporting springs 17. The load of the vibration group is determined by the mass of the unit, formed by the tank 15, the drum 13 and the engine 21, forming an oscillatory group, the mass of the maximum volume of water present in the tank 15, and the maximum possible mass b lya placed in the drum 13, the load during rotation of the drum 13 during washing and centrifuging creates a force causing said oscillations, which are sent to the washing machine body can be weakened by the application of one oscillation absorber. In a washing machine with a capacity of 7 kg of laundry, such an oscillatory group usually has a mass of 42 kg to 48 kg, and the maximum total mass of water and linen, as a rule, is about 15 kg.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3-11, the vibration damper 1 comprises a fixed support 2 fixedly mounted on the lower base 20 of the housing 10, while the support 2 is mounted on the rotary axis 3; a radial friction element 4 mounted on an intermediate portion of the rotary axis 3; a pivot arm 5 connected to the radial friction element 4 with eyes 5, 5b, 5c with free ends 5a pivotally connected to the support element 24; and the elastic element 6, 6 '. The radial friction element 4 is designed so that the torsional force created by friction, which counteracts the rotation of the pivot arm 5, corresponds to a proportional part of the load of the oscillating group, perceived by the support element 24, pivotally connected to the pivot arm 5.

The ends of the pivot axis 3 are respectively mounted in the first end socket 2a and the second end socket 2b of the fixed support 2. As shown in FIG. 3, 4 and 7, an elastic element 6, 6 'is provided, which comprises a first coil spring 6, the turns of which are located around the pivot axis 3 between the first end socket 2a and the radial friction element 4, and a second coil spring 6', the turns of which are located around a rotary axis 3 between the second end slot 2b and the radial friction element 4, and which is designed to create a twisting elastic force in addition to the specified twisting friction force. The first end 6a of the first coil spring 6 is connected to the first eye 5b, and its second end 6b is connected to the second end socket 2b. Similarly, the second coil spring 6 'is connected by the first end 6a' to the second eye 5c, and the second end 6b 'to the second end socket 2b.

In FIG. 4 shows that the first ends 6a, 6a 'of each coil spring 6, 6' are connected to each other, forming a single elastic element that increases the stability of the vibration damper 1. At the same time, the first end 6a, 6a 'of each coil spring 6, 6' is connected to the eyes 5b, 5c near the pivot axis 3. Thus, the coil springs 6, 6 'are able to withstand torsional force when the pivot arm 5 is rotated due to vibrations transmitted by the support member 24. The free ends 6a of the eyes 6b, 6c comprise through holes 8 through which the pivot axis 28 (FIG. 2) passes through a second pivot assembly 27 through which the support member 24 is pivotally connected to the eyes 5b, 5c for rotary formation lever 5.

The first end 6a, 6a 'of each coil spring 6, 6' is connected to the pivot arm 5, which allows limited rotation of the pivot arm 5 without counteracting the torsional force. As shown in FIG. 4-9, this is achieved due to the fact that the first end 6a, 6a 'of each coil spring 6, 6' slides in the guide groove 8, 8 'in the pivot arm 5, that is, the first end of the first coil spring 6 slides in the first guide groove 7 in the first eye 5b during the limited rotation of the pivot arm 5, and the first end of the second coil spring 6 'slides in the second guide groove 7' in the second eye during the limited rotation of the pivot arm 5. The guide grooves 7, 7 'extend perpendicular to rotary axis 3.

Each guide groove 7, 7 'comprises an upper guide 7a, 7a', a lower guide 7b, 7b 'and a support wall 7c, 7c', which is located between the first ends of the upper guide 7a, 7a 'and the lower guide 7b, 7b' and the first end 6a, 6a ′ of the coil spring 6, 6 ′ is supported when the pivot arm 5 is subjected to the load of the oscillating group, perceived by the support member 24, pivotally connected to the pivot arm 5. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4-6, the guide groove 7, 7 'is a recess with an access hole 7e, 7e' between the second ends of the upper and lower guides 7a, 7a '; 7b, 7b 'located opposite the supporting wall 7c, 7c'. At the same time, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7-19, the guide groove 7, 7 'is a groove containing a retaining wall 7b, 7b' located between the second ends of the upper and lower guides 7a, 7a '; 7b, 7b 'opposite the supporting wall 7c, 7c'.

The radial friction element 4 comprises an outer sleeve 30 with an inner channel 4a and is connected to a pivot arm 5, wherein the inner sleeve 31 is rotatably placed in the outer sleeve 30. The inner sleeve 31 includes an outer wall 31a facing the inner wall 30a of the outer sleeve 30, and an internal axial channel 31b, in which the internal friction elements 32 are radially placed, which radially surround the rotary axis 3 and create a friction force that dampens the rotational movement between the rotary axis 3 and the inner sleeve 31 and, subsequently preferably, between the rotary axis 3 and the outer sleeve 30. The inner friction elements 32 are four pads of elastic material with a cross section in the form of a ring segment, each of which is inserted under pressure between four equidistant inner radial protrusions 31c directed inside the inner channel 4b, and rotary axis 3

The rotation between the inner sleeve 31 rotatably placed in the outer sleeve 30 is limited by a rotation restriction system comprising four axial channels 34 with a cross-section in the form of a ring segment, each of which is between two radial end contact surfaces 35 located between the inner sleeve 31 and the outer sleeve 30. In the axial channels 34 there are two rotation limiters 30b, 31b, 33 in the form of two internal axial protrusions 30b extending from opposite sides of the inner wall 30a of the outer tulkus 30, two outer axial protrusions 31b, extending from opposite sides of the outer wall 31a of the inner sleeve 31, and four sliding fixing elements 33, each located between one of 30b and one of the outer protrusions 31b inward projections. The sliding locking elements 33 are pads of elastic material with a cross section in the form of a ring segment, inserted under pressure into the corresponding axial channel 34. The abutment surfaces 35 are formed by axial sides opposite the inner and outer protrusions 30b and 31b. The radial size of the sliding locking elements 33 is smaller than the radial size of the axial channels 34, which allows them to move in the axial channel 34 by the amount of free travel limited by the indicated abutment surfaces 35 and corresponding to an arc of 1 ° -4 °, that is, the outer sleeve 30 and the inner sleeve 31 can be rotated relative to each other by 1 ° -4 °, after which the internal friction elements 32 will develop a friction force that prevents the rotation of the rotary axis 3 and the outer sleeve 30 relative to each other. Thus, the vibrations transmitted by the support element 24 and having an intensity exceeding a predetermined threshold value initiate the movement of the sliding locking elements 33 by the amount of free play until they collide with the corresponding abutment surface 33 and their further pushing to a greater or lesser extent, causing rotation of the inner sleeve 31 in one or the other direction. These rotational movements will decay due to the rotation resistance provided by the internal friction elements 32 directed from the surface of the inner axial channel 4b of the inner sleeve 31 to the side surface of the rotary axis 3. However, if the vibrations transmitted by the support element 24 are below the specified threshold value, then the sliding the locking elements 33 will move by the amount of free play, not stopping on the locking surfaces 35.

In addition, a certain limitation of this rotation inside the vibration damper 1 is provided by an elastic element 6, 6 ', which creates an additional twisting force that counteracts the rotation, and the force is essentially proportional to the angle of rotation. Thus, the vibration damper 1 provides not only a hard limit defined by the hard stops in accordance with the system described above, but also a kind of soft limit due to the action of the elastic element 6, 6 '.

LIST OF POSITION NUMBERS

1 vibration damper

2 Fixed support

2a first end socket

2b Second end socket

3 rotary axis

4 Radial friction element

4a Inner channel

5 Swivel lever

5a Free end

5b, 5c Eyelets

5d, 5e Channel hole

6 Resilient element, First coil spring

6 'Elastic Element, Second Coil Spring

6b, 6b 'Second end

6a, 6a 'first end

7, 7 'Guide groove

7a, 7a 'Upper Guide

7b, 7b 'Lower Guide

7s, 7s' Support wall

7d, 7d 'Retention wall

7th, 7th 'Access Hole

8 through hole

9 Appliance, Washer, Dryer

10 Case

11 front wall

12 loading hole

13 Drum

14 loading door

15 tank

16 axis of rotation of the drum

17 Supporting springs

18 Hooks from springs to the tank

19 Upper wall

20 Housing base

21 Engine

22 belt

23 Pulley

24 Support element

25 Side walls

26 First swivel

27 Second swivel

28 rotary axis

29 Third swivel

30 Outer sleeve

30a Inner wall of the outer sleeve

30b Inner protrusion of the outer sleeve

31 Inner sleeve

31a Outer wall of the inner sleeve

31b Outer protrusion of the inner sleeve

31c Inner protrusion of the inner sleeve

32 Internal friction element

33 Sliding locking element

34 Axial channel

35 thrust surface

Claims (32)

1. The damper (1) oscillations for a household appliance (9), containing: a support (2), made with the possibility of fixed installation on the lower part of the housing (10) of the household appliance (9), in which there is an oscillating group containing a tank (15), in which there is a drum (13), configured to rotate around an axis ( 16) rotation; a rotary axis (3) installed in the first end socket (2a) and the second end socket (2b) of the support (2); radial friction element (4) mounted on the intermediate part of the rotary axis (3); a pivot arm (5), which is connected to the radial friction element (4), and the free end (5a) of which is made with the possibility of articulation with a support element (24), which is made with the possibility of articulation with the bottom of the tank (15) load of the vibrational group; characterized in that it contains an elastic element (6, 6 ') having a first coil spring (6), the turns of which are located around the rotary axis (3) between the first end socket (2a) and the radial friction element (4), and a second coil spring (6' ), the turns of which are located around the pivot axis (3) between the second end socket (2b) and the radial friction element (4), each coil spring having a first end (6a, 6a ') connected to the pivot arm (5), and the second the end (6b, 6b ') connected to the support (2), so that it is able to oppose the twisting e the force of rotation of the pivot arm (5), the first end (6a, 6a ′) of each coil spring (6, 6 ′) being able to slide in the guide groove (7, 7 ′) of the pivot arm (5), allowing limited rotation of the pivot arm lever (5) without opposing torsional forces. 2. The damper (1) of the oscillations according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot arm (5) contains two eyes (5b, 5c), made with the possibility of articulation with a supporting element (24); the first coil spring (6) is connected with its first end (6a) to one of the eyes (5b), and with its second end (6b) to the first end socket (2a); and the second coil spring (6 ') is connected by its first end (6a') to the other eye (5c), and by its second end (6b ') to the second end socket (2b). 3. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first end (6a, 6a ′) of each coil spring (6, 6 ′) is connected to the pivot arm (5) near the pivot axis (3). 4. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first ends (6a, 6a ') of each coil spring (6, 6') are connected together, forming a single elastic element. 5. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first ends (6a, 6a ') of the coil springs (6, 6') are slidable in the guide groove (7, 7 ') during a limited rotation of the pivot arm (5), which extends perpendicular to the pivot axis (3); and the guide groove (7, 7 ') comprises an upper guide (7a, 7a'), a lower guide (7b, 7b ') and a support wall (7c, 7c'), which is located between the first ends of the upper guide (7a, 7a ') and the lower guide (7b, 7b ') and which serves as a support for the first end (6a, 6a') of the coil spring (6, 6 ') when the swing arm (5) is exposed to the load of the oscillating group applied to the supporting element (24) made with the possibility of articulation with a rotary lever (5). 6. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide groove (7, 7 ') contains a retaining wall (7d, 7d') located between the second ends of the upper and lower guides (7a, 7a '; 7b, 7b ') opposite the supporting wall (7c, 7c'). 7. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the guide groove (7, 7 ') is a recess containing an access hole (7e, 7e') between the second ends of the upper and lower guides (7a, 7a '; 7b, 7b ') opposite the abutment wall (7c, 7c'). 8. The damper (1) oscillations according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 6, 7, characterized in that the elastic element is made in such a way that the torsional force opposed to the rotation of the pivot arm (5) is from 80% to 90% of the load of the vibration group transmitted by the support element (24), made with the possibility of articulation with a rotary lever (5). 9. The damper (1) oscillations according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, 6, 7, characterized in that a radial friction element (4) comprises an outer sleeve (30) connected to a pivot arm (5); the outer sleeve is made with the possibility of rotational movement relative to the rotary axis (3); and the radial friction element (4) also contains internal friction elements (32) that radially surround the rotary axis (3) and create a friction force that dampens the rotational movement between the rotary axis (3) and the outer sleeve (30). 10. The damper (1) of the oscillations according to claim 9, characterized in that the radial friction element (4) comprises an inner sleeve (31) rotatably disposed in the outer sleeve (30), the inner sleeve (31) having an outer wall (31a) opposite the inner wall (30a) of the outer sleeve (30), and an internal axial channel (31b) in which the internal friction elements (32) are radially disposed, applying a friction force to at least the inner sleeve (31); rotation between the inner sleeve (31) and the outer sleeve (30) is limited by a rotation restriction system comprising at least an axial channel (34) located between the inner sleeve (31) and the outer sleeve (30), and at least an element (30b, 31b, 33) rotation restrictions located in the axial channel (34); the axial channel (34) has a cross section in the form of a ring segment bounded by two end radial thrust surfaces (35); each rotation restriction member (30b, 31b, 33) is selected from the following: protrusions (30b) extending from the inner wall of the outer sleeve, protrusions (31b) extending from the outer wall of the inner sleeve, sliding locking elements (33), and combinations thereof; and each protrusion (30b, 31b) is biased inside the corresponding channel (34) so that when the inner sleeve (31) and the outer sleeve (30) rotate relative to each other, each protrusion (30b, 31b) has a free play in the axial channel (34) bounded by the indicated abutment surfaces (35). 11. The vibration damper (1) according to claim 10, characterized in that the free movement of rotation between the outer sleeve (30) and the inner sleeve (31) corresponds to an arc of 1 ° to 4 °. 12. A household appliance (9) comprising a housing (10) containing an oscillating group containing a tank (15), in which there is a rotatable drum (13) driven by a motor (21), the tank (15) at the top connected to the housing (10) by at least a pair of supporting springs (17), and at the bottom connected by at least two support elements (24) to a damping system, the support element (24) pivotally connected to the housing (10) at least one swivel (26, 27, 29) containing for alny friction element (4), characterized in that at least one of the pivoting levers (5) is pivotally connected to the vibration damper (1) according to any one of paragraphs. 1-11. 13. A household appliance (9) according to claim 12, characterized in that the vibration damping system comprises several vibration dampers (1) mounted on opposite sides of the housing (10), wherein the vibration dampers (1) are configured to oppose the torsional forces, which together they make up 80-90% of the load of the oscillating group, perceived by the supporting elements (24), pivotally connected to the pivoting levers (5). 14. A household appliance (9) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that it is made in the form of a washing machine (9) or a machine (9) for drying clothes.

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