RU2608022C1 - Seeds and fertilizers multilevel sowing ploughshare - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building. Shovel for multilevel sowing of seeds and fertilizers comprises blade, which is isosceles triangle in horizontal plane. Blade wings upper part is made concave. At blade lower side hollow seal is installed, which is directed downwards truncated triangular pyramid. Seal outer base is also isosceles triangle, proportionally smaller, than blade outer outline. Seal rear part is made rounded. On blade leading edge in direction of its movement hollow diamond-shaped knife is installed, with crescent cutting edge, deflected downwards from horizontal line at soil against steel friction angle. Blade inner cavity is connected with fertilizers supply channel. Blade lower end part is slanted upwards from horizontal plane.

EFFECT: invention allows to improve quality of sowing.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the openers of seeders.

Known opener [Patent RU 150367. Opener for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers. Publ. 02/20/2015, Bull. No. 5], including sequentially installed rack, paw and piping. The front of the rack is made wedge-shaped and the tip is directed towards the movement of the opener. In the rack, parallel channels are made, and the fertilizer channel is made in front of the seed channel. The upper parts of the channels are made vertical, and the lower parts are deviated from the vertical by an angle smaller than the maximum angle of repose of seeds and fertilizers. The outlet openings of the channels are located from each other at a distance equal to the required difference in the depth of seeding of seeds and fertilizers, and are directed in the direction opposite to the movement of the coulter.

However, the known device has the disadvantage that the density of the soil in the sub-sowing space after the passage of the coulter does not meet the agrotechnical requirements.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of sowing.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the rack is deviated from the vertical relative to the mounting point in the direction of movement of the unit. The outer contour of the legs in the horizontal plane is performed in the form of an isosceles triangle. The upper part of the wings of the legs perform concave. A hollow sealant is installed on the underside of the paw, which is a truncated triangular pyramid directed downward, the outer base of which is also an isosceles triangle, proportionally smaller than the outer contour of the paw. The back of the seal is rounded. A hollow diamond-shaped knife with a crescent-shaped cutting edge is mounted on the toe of the paw in the direction of its movement. The knife is deflected downward from the horizontal by the angle of friction of the soil against steel. The internal cavity of the knife is connected to the channel for feeding fertilizers. The lower end part of the knife is mowed up from the horizontal plane.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the coulter for different levels of sowing seeds and fertilizers, in FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 3 - view A.

The opener for different levels of sowing seeds and fertilizers contains a wedge-shaped stand 1, paw 2, channels for feeding fertilizers 3 and seeds 4. The outer contour of the paw 2 in the horizontal plane is an isosceles triangle. The upper part of the wings of the legs 2 is made concave. A hollow seal 5 is installed on the bottom side of the paw, which is a truncated triangular pyramid directed downward, the outer base of which is also an isosceles triangle proportionally smaller than the outer contour of the paw 2. The back of the seal 5 is rounded. The seal 5 is made hollow.

A hollow diamond-shaped knife 6 with a sickle-shaped cutting edge is mounted on the toe of the paw 2 in the direction of its movement. Knife 6 is tilted down from the horizontal by the angle of friction of the soil against steel. The inner cavity of the knife 6 is connected to the channel for feeding fertilizers 3. The lower end part of the knife 6 is beveled upward from the horizontal plane.

The opener for multilevel seeding of seeds and fertilizers works as follows. Previously, the coulter is installed on the seeder, its height position relative to the supporting-drive wheels is adjusted. The fertilizer apparatus of the seeder hopper is connected to the opener of the opener channel 3 by means of a piping, and the sowing apparatus for seeds, through the seed tube, is connected to the openings of the opener channel 4.

When the seeder is moving, the opener for multi-level sowing of seeds and fertilizers with a wedge-shaped stand cuts the upper soil layer and shifts it in the row-spacing. Fertilizers and seeds are fed from fertilizer and seed machines through fertilizer and seed lines to the appropriate channels 3 and 4 of the coulter. Fertilizers through the internal cavity of the diamond-shaped knife 6, connected to the channel 3 for supplying fertilizers, are placed in a slot made in the soil with a hollow diamond-shaped knife 6. The seal 5 partially shifts the soil, leveling the gap with fertilizers made by the hollow diamond-shaped knife 6, and then compacts the soil to the required density. Seeds are sown into the soil through channel 4 to feed the seeds above the fertilizer line.

The coulter paw is carried out in such a way that the external contour of the paw in the horizontal plane is an isosceles triangle, and the upper part of the wings of the paw is concave, allows you to create a vault of soil when the coulter moves, which sprinkles the seeds after the coulter passes, without mixing and not bringing out the wet layer to the surface the soil.

A hollow sealant installed on the lower side of the paw, which is a truncated triangular pyramid directed downward, the outer base of which is also an isosceles triangle proportionally smaller than the outer contour of the paw, with a rounded back part, provides the necessary soil density at different speeds for laying on it seeds in the podsoshnikovy space that meets agricultural requirements.

A hollow diamond-shaped knife mounted on the toe of the paw in the direction of its movement, with a sickle-shaped cutting edge, deflected downward from the horizontal, with an internal cavity that is connected to the fertilizer feed channel, allows fertilizers and seeds to be qualitatively introduced into the soil at different levels, preventing each other from contacting with a friend. The execution of the lower end part of the knife beveled upward from the horizontal plane prevents the fertilizer outlet from becoming clogged with soil, further improving the quality of sowing.

Claims (1)

The opener for different levels of sowing seeds and fertilizers, including a horizontally mounted paw, a wedge-shaped stand, channels for feeding fertilizers and seeds, characterized in that the stand is deviated from the vertical relative to the attachment point in the direction of movement of the unit, the outer contour of the paw in the horizontal plane is an isosceles triangle, the upper part of the wings of the paw is made concave, on the underside of the paw there is a hollow seal, which is a truncated triangular pyramid directed downward, the outer base of which is also an isosceles triangle, proportionally smaller than the outer contour of the paw, while the back of the seal is rounded, and a hollow diamond-shaped knife with a sickle-shaped cutting edge, inclined downward from the horizontal by an angle of soil friction, is installed on the toe of the paw in the direction of its movement. about steel, and the inner cavity of the knife is connected to the channel for feeding fertilizers, and the lower end part of the knife is beveled upwards from the horizontal plane.

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