RU2607343C2 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire safety.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fire or explosion hazardous conditions of mining equipment working and used for delf-installation and self-demounting of manipulator. Lifting device includes manual winch, mainly acting from muscular strength of man, hoisting tackle and manipulator, which should be lift to monorail at the roof of mine working and fixed at last. To four angular points of suspension of the manipulator are fixed uplink branches of balancing rope, that is made infinite. Units of balancing rope are made with possibility of fixing by rod supports to soil and roof of mine working, note here that vertical branches of balancing rope and lifting cable are strictly parallel.

EFFECT: invention provides increasing of device reliability.

1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of self-assembly and self-dismantling of a manipulator used in explosive or fire hazardous conditions of operation of this and other mining equipment.

Known lifting device for mounting a tower crane by the method of undergrowth from below (prototype), which is indicated in the application for SU No. 1569220, which is published in bulletin No. 22 of 1990, application number 4390481/11 (024101) in class M, class . 4 B25J 3/02, B66C 23/14.

Roughly there, a four-time pulley block is used to lift the tower and build up (telescopic extension) using a flexible connection, i.e. wire rope pulley. In this design solution, the parallel property of moving the rope without crossing the branches of the rope pulley, where the structure can be lifted to the contact of the blocks, is used. The design has a high efficiency.

The disadvantage of this design is that it cannot be used without resting on the tower — this is, firstly, and secondly, it cannot balance some unbalanced part of the weight of the structure being lifted unless you rely on the guide part of the tower, which prevents it from tipping over and falling the extendable part of the tower. This design lacks a balancing rope. Famous building cradle, which is used in the construction and repair of buildings. It is driven by two electric motors through gearboxes and tackles (double), having balancing ropes (two).

“Construction cranes and hoisting mechanisms. Reference book ”, chapter 12. Construction automobile lifting towers, pages 622-623, section 12.1.32.

Front elevator (building cradle) single 3449B, (double 3851B) (Fig. 12.28) series "Construction" A.D. Kirnev, G.V. Nesvetaev, Rostov-on-Don, Phoenix, 2013 edition (1), with a loading capacity of 120 (300/500) kg, a height of up to 150 m, a lifting speed of 9.1 (9.1 / 5.5) m / min, power 0.75 (1.5) kW, total weight 585 (931/961/1061) kg.

The disadvantage of this design is the fact that in our case the best action is from the muscular strength of a person, and not from electricity, and here there is insufficient multiplicity of the chain-link. And yet - the balancing ropes cannot have different tension of the branches, since they are not suspended from the corners of the cradle, and there are obviously not enough branches to the middle of the edges of their smaller sides. In the proposed kinematic diagram of the branches, eight are at the balancing rope.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the reliability of the pulley of the hoisting rope, to increase the reliability of lifting the manipulator and balancing some residual unbalanced part of the weight of the manipulator.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known lifting device, including a worm self-locking winch, mainly acting on the muscular strength of a person, a lifting rope with a ninefold pulley, or more, which is suspended as close as possible to the center of gravity of the device, which consists of the device itself and the manipulator , which is required to be lifted to the monorail at the roof of the mine and secured to the latter, a nine-fold sheave is carried out with blocks, and in order to balance some residual of the unbalanced part of the weight of the manipulator to its four corner points of the suspension, a balancing rope is fixed, which is an endless rope fixed to the ascending branches to the manipulator, the blocks of which are fixed with rod supports to the soil and the roof of the mine, and the vertical branches of the balancing and lifting ropes are strictly parallel, otherwise - the winch will not pull. Thus, in the balancing rope, a different tension of the latter is created in the branches of the rope, both in the ascending branches and in the descending ones.

In order to ensure reliable and trouble-free operation of the lifting device, it is necessary to check whether the rod supports support the weight of the manipulator, for this you need to suspend a load equal to the weight of the manipulator to each rod support and, only making sure that the support is indestructible with a loaded weight, such as a manipulator, You can assemble the lifting device. If one rod support does not stand up, then two or three rod supports can be used.

If something does not work out, then you can use a similar kinematics scheme. But this kinematic scheme is applicable for a balancing rope, and differs only in the absence of guides in the form of a tower in the present invention.

One of the features of the invention is the presence of a self-braking worm winch, acting on the muscular strength of a person. This is found in construction cots for lowering the cradle from the upper floors to the lower.

Another feature of the invention is the presence of two ropes that perform different functions: one for lifting, the other for balancing the difference in weight per one branch of the rope relative to the other branch, or group of branches. This symptom is found in the EVG-6 excavator (EVG-6 N.G. Dombrovsky. "Excavators", publishing house "Mechanical Engineering", M., 1969.

UDC 621.879

3-2-7 / 176-68. Page 119, table 27 EVG-6, first column

Page 118 & 5 High power overburden excavators to page 3),

but with the difference that in that design there is no separately balancing and lifting ropes, and the load balancing function for one bucket tooth takes on the tension of the lifting rope more or less, one of the lifting ropes, left or right, depending on which tooth more load.

A further feature of the invention is the fact that the hoisting rope has one chain hoist, but the rope branches are parallel and not crossed. This feature is used in a tower crane with undergrowth from below (prototype). SU 1569 220.

The next feature of the invention is the presence of two ropes, which are used for different purposes: lifting and balancing. This symptom is not found anywhere on the date of application. Although it seems to be found in mining hoist machines, in mine shafts. But the difference is that in the present invention they are attached to different points of the structure: to the corners.

A further feature of the invention is the absence of guides, for example, such as a tower by a tower crane, or conductors by mining hoisting machines. This symptom is found in building cradles or in spaceships.

The next feature of the invention is the presence of the chain hoist branches, arranged in the form of a checkerboard, consisting of blocks of chain hoists - one and the other. This feature is only partially found in the construction of elevators and possibly elevators of spaceships. But it differs in that there are four plus four blocks on one side, and four on the other. The next feature of the invention is the use for lifting a load (manipulator) of a manual self-braking worm winch, working from the muscular strength of a worker, having a large reserve of rope capacity. This symptom is found in the mechanism of guidance of artillery guns, though without a rope, all the more so with a large reserve of rope capacity.

Another feature of the invention is the presence of two or more cage block blocks, which are used to reduce the non-parallelism of the chain-link branches or crossing the chain-link branches in order to reduce the under-lifting of the manipulator due to the fact that the rope-lifting will be more reliably ensured when the cable branches are strictly parallel, but do not cross because the larger the crossing angle, the more unreliable the rise at the end of the rise stage, i.e. lack of manipulator, in other words.

In FIG. 1 is a front view of a lifting device.

In FIG. 2 shows View A in FIG. one.

In FIG. 3 shows an isometry of a lifting device (balancing rope), (kinematic diagram in isometric view).

In FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a lifting device (hoisting rope), (kinematic diagram in isometric view).

In FIG. 5 shows View B in FIG. 4, a kinematic diagram of the operation of the lifting device and the pulley block, and the lifting rope.

In FIG. 6 shows View B in FIG. 1 or in FIG. 4, view of the lifting device

(hoisting rope) below.

In FIG. 7 shows a frontal view of a lifting device of a manipulator lifted by hoists, and a movable trolley carrying a manipulator and hoists.

In FIG. 8 is a view A1 of FIG. 7, a top view of the hoists, and a manipulator lifted by the hoists.

In FIG. 9 shows an isometry of a mine working, its fastening, monorail.

In FIG. 10 shows a device for fastening blocks on the axles of a chain hoist. Section GG in FIG. 6

In FIG. 11 shows a section DD in FIG. 10 and the ninth branch of the pulley block.

The lifting device consists of the handle of a worm winch 1, a lifting rope 2, a drum 3, a worm winch 4, a mining roof 5, a rod support 6, a nine-fold pulley block 7 and blocks of equal diameter 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 42, balancing rope 16, suspension points of the manipulator 17, 18, 19, 20, suspension brackets 21, 22, 23, 24, the manipulator 25, the monorail 26, blocks 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, ball bearings 43, snap rings 44, support axles 45, bushings 46, 47, clamps 48 and axis 49.

Before starting work, the balancing rope 16 is carried out according to the kinematic scheme through blocks 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and fix the ends with each other, making the rope infinite, - closed, while it must be pulled. Then, before starting work, the hoisting rope is pulled through blocks 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 42 according to the kinematic diagram (two) of FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, fix the extreme blocks and the end end of the rope to the rod supports 6 to the roof of the mine workings 5 or to the brackets 2 attached to the tubing arch support 39.

Before operating the lifting device, it must be brought into the appropriate state. To do this, the manipulator 25, which is lifted by the device, must be lifted with a hoist 40, above the trolley 41, not shown in the figures on which the manipulator was brought, then fix the brackets 21, 22, 23, 24 to the manipulator, with which the manipulator is attached to the balancing tightrope 16.

Next, stretch the balancing rope 16 through the blocks 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 in series, FIG. 3, and close it again (rope) between blocks 27 and 38, FIG. 3, FIG. one.

Next, pull the hoisting rope 2 from the drum 3 through the blocks in series 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 42 and fix it on the monorail 26 or for a special rod support 6 at the roof of the mine 5, which must be pre-drilled and fasten and leave on it a special hook for attaching the hoisting rope. And to suspend the manipulator with a hoist, the latter should have bolts or eyes similar to those of a mortar tank at a construction site.

Balancing rope - must be tensioned so that it does not fly off the blocks. The hoisting rope must have a nine-time pulley, which essentially passes through the blocks installed in the square, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6.

The lifting device works as follows: they rotate the handle of the worm 1 winch, wind the rope 2 onto the drum 3 of the winch 4, shortening the rope to the latter hanging to the roof 5 of the mine using the rod support 6 and applying nine or more pulley blocks 7 and the corresponding number of blocks 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 42. Thus, the worm winch 4 creates a manipulator traction for the roof of the mine 5, and the balancing rope 16 serves to create a difference in forces when they are not equal at the points of suspension of the manipulator 17, 18, 19 , 20, see FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 8, FIG. 10 and FIG. eleven.

The means and methods by which the invention is practiced are illustrated in FIG. 10, 11, including the ninth pulley block, position 42 in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 6, FIG. 11, this block bends around the extreme branch of the last pulley block. The axis of the pulley blocks are connected by clamps 48 with bolts - to the arms of the manipulator frame. Blocks sit on ball bearings 43, spacer sleeves 46, 47 also sit on ball bearings 43, the last ninth block sits on axis 49, FIG. 11, block 42. Block 42 sits on ball bearings 43. The blocks or cups are mounted on an axis using spring retaining rings 44.

For the vertical branches of the hoisting rope, windows 50 were made in the manipulator frame, FIG. 2. In addition to the fact that the branches of the hoisting and balancing ropes must be parallel, they must be vertical, and strictly, otherwise the winch will not pull.

And those branches that are strictly horizontal in the drawings should in practice be strictly horizontal, otherwise the winch will not pull.

The branches of the balancing rope and the branches of the hoisting rope must be strictly parallel, meaning their vertical branches, otherwise the winch will not pull.

The balancing rope works as follows: if one corner of the manipulator turns out to be lighter than the other three and its bracket begins to rise, as if ahead of the other three brackets, but the branch of the balancing rope, which certainly follows this leading bracket, will certainly pull the lagging brackets, as it does not deforms under load, and will only experience a greater load or greater tension inside this branch system. If any of the corners is under a greater load, then the previous branch of the rope will take up more tension and pull the bracket with the angle of the manipulator, despite the heavy load; just the rope tension will be different and that’s it. The only important thing is that the fastening of the rope to the bracket would withstand the load. If two adjacent branches of the balancing rope are equally less loaded with brackets from the manipulator, then the branches of the rope behind these brackets will be loaded more, and the hoisting rope will not be overloaded or even distort the device.

Claims (1)

A lifting device, including a worm winch, mainly acting on the muscular strength of a person, a chain hoist and a manipulator that needs to be lifted to the monorail at the roof of the mine and fixed to the latter, while the ascending branches of the balancing rope, which is made endless, are fixed to the four corner points of the manipulator the blocks of the balancing rope are made with the possibility of fastening with rod supports to the soil and the roof of the mine working, and the vertical branches of the balancing and under emnogo ropes strictly parallel.

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