RU2607323C1 - Method of heating liquid in heating device (versions) and heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power engineering.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to power engineering, namely, to a method of heating liquid in a heating device and a heating device. In compliance with the first version the method involves filling with the liquid a water jacket, heating the combustion chamber spiral, feeding the fuel into the combustion chamber onto the red-hot spiral for its evaporation into a gaseous mixture and formation of excessive pressure of the gaseous mixture in the combustion chamber and natural detonation of the gaseous mixture, release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber. In compliance with the second version the method involves filling with the liquid a water jacket, feeding the ignited fuel into the combustion chamber onto the spiral, heating the spiral with the ignited fuel, feeding the ignited fuel onto the red-hot spiral for its evaporation into a gaseous mixture and formation of excessive pressure of the gaseous mixture in the combustion chamber and natural detonation of the gaseous mixture, release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber. Heating device includes a fuel tank connected by means of a fuel feed tube to the furnace housing. Furnace housing comprises a combustion chamber with a spiral, a water jacket, a front chimney and two rear chimneys of excessive pressure release. On each rear chimney of excessive pressure release a valve is installed. Detonation sensor is built into the combustion chamber, as well as a flame detector and a temperature sensor, all connected to a control unit. Herewith onto the furnace housing there is an automatic gas burner connected to a cylinder with gas.

EFFECT: technical result is constant natural detonation of the gas mixture.

16 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The group of inventions relates to the field of energy, to stand-alone devices for heating industrial, domestic and other premises, stoves, and in particular to a method for heating liquids in a heating device and heating device.

State of the art

A known method of heating a liquid in a heating device and a heating device (RU 125680 U1, publ. 03/10/2013, hereinafter D1). The heating device from D1 contains a housing with a viewing hole, combined with a combustion chamber with radially offset rows of holes, a heat exchanger made in one piece with a flue gas pipe, and a pipe for the upper fuel supply is mounted on the housing, a foot air preheating chamber is installed under the combustion chamber in which the overflow outlet is located in the lower part, an air damper with a retainer in the side and a removable burner with a double bottom, radially mixed slots, vertical protrusions in the upper part and the holder, the burner being connected to the combustion chamber and fixed with the holder mounted on the inner wall of the air preheating chamber, while the heat exchanger and flue gas pipe are removable, and the combustion chamber is equipped with a casing with centering petals.

The method or operation of the heating device from D1 is as follows. Diesel fuel (50-100 ml) is poured into the burner, installed in the air pre-heating chamber, centered by vertical protrusions in the upper part to the combustion chamber and fixed by the holder. Diesel fuel is ignited by a typical gas burner. The used oil from the Marriott vessel is fed through a copper tube entwined around the heat exchanger through the upper fuel supply pipe into the housing. At the same time, monitoring the oil supply process is carried out through the inspection hole. Used oil drops in free fall, heated by ascending flue gas flows through the combustion chamber to the burner. The flame, by means of radially offset slots, is twisted around the axis of symmetry of the burner by a vortex flow entering through the air preheating chamber.

Air also enters the combustion chamber, through the petals of the casing, being heated at the same time. Radially displaced rows of openings of the combustion chamber contribute to additional tightening of the flame and complete combustion of the fuel. Flue gases, washing the walls of the casing, enter the heat exchanger and are removed through the flue gas pipe into the atmosphere. Solid combustion residues are removed through the air pre-heater chamber by removing and cleaning the burner. Power adjustment is carried out by supplying the used oil from a Marriott vessel. Adjustment of the intensity of combustion is carried out by an air damper equipped with a latch. The legs of the air preheating chamber ensure the stability of the autonomous heating furnace and the possibility of removing the used oil from the furnace through the overflow outlet in case of flame attenuation at the initial stage of combustion. The double bottom in the burner, the chamber for preheating the air, and the casing of the combustion chamber make it possible to create a combustion temperature sufficient for the most complete combustion of the fuel.

The disadvantage of this method and heating device is its low efficiency, since flue gases are used only to heat spent oil droplets and the walls of the housing.

Disclosure of invention

The technical result consists in the constant natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture (or flue gases) due to the formation of excessive pressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber. The constant natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture more quickly warms up the furnace and quickly heats the liquid in water jackets.

The claimed result is achieved by the method of heating the liquid in the heating device according to the first embodiment, comprising the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, heating the spiral of the combustion chamber, supplying fuel to the combustion chamber on a hot spiral to evaporate it into the gaseous state of the mixture and (or before) generating excess pressure the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber and the natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber.

According to the claimed method of the invention according to the first embodiment, the supply of fuel to the combustion chamber on a spiral is made together with the flow of air.

The claimed result is achieved by the method of heating the liquid in the heating device according to the second embodiment, which includes the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, feeding the ignited fuel to the combustion chamber on a spiral, heating the spiral with ignited fuel, feeding the ignited fuel to a hot spiral to evaporate it into the gaseous state of the mixture and (or before) the formation of excessive pressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber and the natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the explosion Xia excess mixture from the combustion chamber.

According to the claimed method of the invention according to the second embodiment, the supply of ignited fuel to the combustion chamber on a hot spiral is made together with the flow of air.

The claimed result is also achieved by a heating device including a fuel tank connected via a fuel supply pipe to the furnace body, which contains a combustion chamber with a spiral, a water jacket, a front chimney and two rear chimneys for overpressure relief, and a valve is installed on each rear chimney for overpressure relief configured to discharge, at overpressure and natural detonation, the gaseous state of the mixture, with a knock sensor integrated in the combustion chamber, dates IR flame and a temperature sensor connected to the control unit, wherein the housing is secured furnace connected to a gas cylinder automatic burner, which is adapted to burning fuel, which is supplied from the fuel supply pipe to the combustion chamber.

According to the claimed heating device, the spiral is made of metal.

According to the claimed heating device, a fan with a frequency converter is additionally built into the front chimney, which is configured to pump air towards the inside of the combustion chamber.

According to the claimed heating device, the front chimney is made in the form of an intake manifold.

According to the claimed heating device, the fuel tank contains a fuel pump.

According to the claimed heating device, the fuel tank contains a fuel ejector.

According to the claimed heating device, a water jacket is made along the combustion chamber and one rear chimney for overpressure relief.

According to the claimed heating device, an ignition plug and an ignition coil are built into the automatic burner.

According to the claimed heating device, at least one exhaust pipe connected to a front chimney through a heat exchanger for cooling gases is integrated in each rear overpressure discharge chimney.

According to the claimed heating device, the exhaust pipe is made with a built-in ejector.

According to the claimed heating device, the exhaust pipe is made with a built-in fan.

According to the claimed heating device, an automatic burner is connected to the control unit.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by the figure of a heating device in a preferred embodiment.

The implementation of the invention

The figure shows a heating device including a fuel tank 1 connected via a fuel supply pipe 2 to the body of the furnace 3, which contains a combustion chamber 4 with a spiral 5, a water jacket 6, a front chimney 7 and two rear chimneys for overpressure relief 8, each a rear chimney for overpressure relief 8 is fitted with a valve 9 configured to discharge, at overpressure and natural detonation, the gaseous state of the mixture, and a knock sensor 10 is integrated in the combustion chamber 4, the men 11 and a temperature sensor 12 connected to the control unit 13, and an automatic burner 14 connected to the gas cylinder attached to the gas cylinder 3, which is configured to ignite the fuel, which is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 2 to the combustion chamber 4.

The furnace body can be made of a horizontally located metal cylindrical tank with a combustion chamber and a water jacket and with chimneys mounted on it. In a particular embodiment, a hatch with a locking device may be located in front of the cylindrical tank. There is a fuel supply pipe on the hatch, and also, if necessary, an exhaust gas supply pipe, a hot water supply pipe, a hydrogen supply pipe, steam and a manifold for air supply.

In addition, in another particular embodiment, the automatic burner can be connected to the control unit.

It should be noted that in a private embodiment, at least one exhaust pipe connected to a front chimney (located, for example, on the hatch of the furnace), which can be made in the form of an intake manifold. A fan for boost and the above exhaust pipe can be installed on the intake manifold. Ejectors or fans are built into the exhaust pipes.

The furnace body is mounted on vibration dampers. In the rear part of the tank, two rear excess pressure chimneys with exhaust valves are installed vertically, which in turn can be installed in a large pipe, i.e. a water jacket may be placed between the chimneys and the large pipe. The heating system is connected to the water jacket. In addition, in a particular embodiment, in a large pipe, inside which there is a chimney for overpressure relief with exhaust valves, there are two pipes in the upper part for additional supply of hot water or steam to the combustion chamber, and a pressure relief valve is also integrated in the pipe. On all nozzles for supplying fuel, air, exhaust gases, water and steam, shut-off valves are installed. All parts are made of high temperature alloy. For the first start, an ignition device or an automatic burner is installed on the hatch of the furnace.

According to this invention, it was found that inside the combustion chamber of the furnace, there is no fuel combustion, but an explosion (detonation), thereby reducing the heating time of the liquid.

The principle of operation of the heating device consists in the inventive method according to the first embodiment, which includes the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, heating the spiral of the combustion chamber, supplying fuel to the combustion chamber on a hot spiral to evaporate it into the gaseous state of the mixture and generate excess pressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the chamber combustion and natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber.

In a private embodiment, after the above steps, the claimed method according to the first embodiment may include the following steps: turning off the heating of the spiral of the combustion chamber after a series of constant explosions or detonations, returning part of the exploded gaseous mixture for reprocessing into the combustion chamber.

The principle of operation of the heating device consists in the claimed method according to the second embodiment, which includes the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, feeding the ignited fuel to the combustion chamber on a spiral, heating the spiral with ignited fuel, feeding the ignited fuel to a hot spiral to evaporate it into the gaseous state of the mixture and form the excess pressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber and the natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the release of the exploded excess mixture and combustion chamber.

In a private embodiment, after the above steps, the claimed method according to the second embodiment may include the following steps: supplying unburnt fuel to the combustion chamber via a spiral (i.e., turning off heating of the combustion chamber spiral) after a series of constant explosions or detonations, returning part of the exploded gaseous mixture for recycling into the combustion chamber.

The following describes a more detailed principle of operation of the heating device. Water shirts are filled with liquid (water). After we supply fuel and turn on the ignition device (automatic burner) of the furnace, turn on the fan of pressurization of the air (in a private version of the heating device), the metal spiral inside the combustion chamber is heated. Fuel, dripping onto a hot spiral, evaporates and turns into a gaseous state. Due to the remote location from the hatch of the rear chimneys of the overpressure relief, excess pressure is generated in the combustion chamber and the gaseous state of the mixture (or gas-air mixture) explodes.

The presence of two rear chimneys for overpressure relief allows the claimed heating device to produce more detonations of the gaseous state of the mixture, since the pressure in the rear chimneys is different during operation of the heating device, which leads to detonation in one rear chimney for overpressure relief and then in the other.

An exploded mixture, in a private embodiment, exits through the rear chimneys for overpressure relief and part of the mixture enters through the exhaust pipes for reprocessing into the furnace body, which will additionally affect the claimed result, which consists in the constant natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture (or flue gases ) due to the formation of excess pressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber.

When the heating device (oven) has started, i.e. a chain reaction has occurred or a certain frequency of explosions (detonations), sensors (knock sensor, flame sensor and temperature sensor) record this, pass it to the control unit and the automatic burner turns off (or it is turned off in manual mode) and the heating device operates in automatic mode, so as a series of constant explosions (detonations) does not allow spirals to cool. It is necessary to control the fuel level and its supply for the desired fluid temperature in the heating system.

The claimed heating device operates on any type of liquid fuel.

Claims (17)

1. A method of heating a liquid in a heating device, comprising the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, heating the spiral of the combustion chamber, supplying fuel to the combustion chamber on a red-hot spiral to evaporate it into the gaseous state of the mixture until overpressure of the gaseous state of the mixture in the combustion chamber and natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber. 2. A method of heating a liquid in a heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber to a red-hot spiral together with an air stream. 3. A method of heating a liquid in a heating device, comprising the following steps: filling a water jacket with liquid, supplying ignited fuel to the combustion chamber on a spiral, heating the spiral with ignited fuel, supplying ignited fuel to an incandescent spiral to evaporate it into a gaseous state of the mixture until excess gaseous pressure is formed the state of the mixture in the combustion chamber and the natural detonation of the gaseous state of the mixture, the release of the exploded excess mixture from the combustion chamber. 4. The method of heating the liquid in the heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that the supply of ignited fuel to the combustion chamber on the hot spiral is made together with the flow of air. 5. A heating device including a fuel tank connected via a fuel supply pipe to the furnace body, which contains a combustion chamber with a spiral, a water jacket, a front chimney and two rear chimneys for overpressure relief, with each rear chimney for overpressure relief a pressure valve is installed, made with the possibility of dumping, at excessive pressure and natural detonation, the gaseous state of the mixture, and a knock sensor, a flame sensor and a temperature sensor connected to the control unit are integrated in the combustion chamber, and an automatic connected to the gas cylinder is fixed to the furnace body burner, which is configured to ignite fuel, which is supplied from the fuel supply pipe to the combustion chamber. 6. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the spiral is made of metal. 7. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that an additional fan with a frequency converter is integrated in the front chimney, which is configured to pump air toward the inside of the combustion chamber. 8. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the front chimney is made in the form of an intake manifold. 9. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the fuel tank contains a fuel pump. 10. The heating device according to p. 5, characterized in that the fuel tank contains a fuel ejector. 11. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the water jacket is made along the combustion chamber and one rear chimney for overpressure relief. 12. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that an ignition plug and an ignition coil are integrated in the automatic burner. 13. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that at least one exhaust pipe connected to a front chimney through a heat exchange unit is integrated in each rear overpressure discharge chimney. 14. The heating device according to claim 13, characterized in that the exhaust pipe is made with a built-in ejector. 15. The heating device according to claim 13, characterized in that the exhaust pipe is made with a built-in fan. 16. The heating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the automatic burner is connected to the control unit.

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