RU2605983C1 - Surface run-off cleaning plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wastewater treatment plants.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to surface run-off cleaning plant on treatment facilities of storm sewer. Proposed plant comprises a primary cleaning unit consisting of at least two unified, independently operating sections 1, and a unit for deep afterpurification. Each section 1 comprises multifunctional dirt-holding filter – geofabric tube (hereinafter geotube) 2, arranged in reservoir 3 appropriate thereto. Large-sized geotube 2 of closed shell mold is intended to provide cleaning of the waste water 11 coming into by filtration, accumulation inside of sediment 12 and dehydration of accumulated sediment 12 by consolidation and natural drying. Reservoir 3 is provided for reception of purified water 13 from geotube 2 and operation of geotube 2 at first in cleaning mode in flooded, semi-flooded or non-flooded operation condition with full or partial free-flow discharge of purified water 13 appropriate for operation condition, and then operation of geotube 2 in the mode of dehydration with free-flow or forced complete discharge of water 13 from sediment 12. Geotube 2 is communicated with pipeline 4 of free-flow supply to it of waste water 11. Reservoir 3 is communicated with pipeline 6 of discharge of purified water 13 from it and is equipped with a pump, drainage substrate 9 and overfall 8, designed to provide the specified level of water 13 in reservoir 3.

EFFECT: invention ensures to simplify design and operation of the plant, increase efficiency of primary purification of run-off, reduce capital and operating costs.

6 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a plant for cleaning surface runoff from dispersed inclusions and pollutants in wastewater treatment plants. The invention can be used independently for cleaning the surface runoff of settlements, airports, industrial and road enterprises, as well as in combination with previously constructed sewage treatment plants.

Traditional sewage treatment plants with a large working area consist of functionally separate, sequentially located structural elements: a distribution chamber, a trash guard, a sand trap, a sump, an oil trap, mechanical and / or sorption filters, as well as a separate sludge platform for dewatering the resulting draft.

The need for traditional structures in a large number of large-sized equipment with its technological diversity makes the design of the installation complicated, leading to high capital costs and expensive operation.

A known installation of surface runoff cleaning, including a drainage collector connected to a distribution chamber, a unit for the primary treatment of water from coarse particles and oil products, containing a thickener, a hydrocyclone and a separator, a aftertreatment unit with filters and a multicyclone, water supply pipelines for treatment and removal of purified water water, a washing system for the filter load, a condensed phase removal system associated with the thickener of the primary water treatment unit and with a device for ygruzki dewatered sludge (RU 2205924, IPC E03F 1/00, E03F 5/10, C02F 1/00, C02F 9/00, publ. 16.03.2003).

Known storm water treatment plants containing a receiving storage tank, a sand collection hopper, a primary water purification unit for suspended particles and oil products and a deep purification unit, a trapped oil product storage unit, purified water storage unit, the primary treatment unit being made in the form of a thin layer module from a pipe package, made of a material with a high wettability coefficient of liquid petroleum products and placed inside or above the sand bunker (RF 2289548, IPC C02F 1/40, published on December 20, 2006; RF 2158233, IPC C02F 1/40, C02F 9/02, published 27.10.2000; RF 2130902, IPC C02F 9/00, C02F 1/40, C02F 1/28, C02F 1/52, C02F 3/12, publ. 05.27.1999).

Known plants have the above-mentioned drawbacks of traditional structures, their operation is associated with the need for continuous cleaning of often clogged sand collectors and filters, with the replacement of filtering and sorption materials, using special devices for removing waterlogged sludge and its dehydration, which does not allow them to be operated economically.

Installation according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2205924 is the closest in technical essence to the claimed one and is selected as the closest analogue (prototype).

An object of the invention is to develop a simple and effective installation for surface runoff treatment, capable, using other equipment, to provide high-quality primary treatment without resorting to traditional equipment.

The problem is solved by using a multifunctional dirt-absorbing filter in the primary wastewater treatment unit - a geotextile tube, hereinafter referred to as geotube.

The technical result that can be obtained by using the invention is to simplify the design and operation of the installation, to increase the efficiency of primary treatment of surface runoff, to reduce capital and operating costs.

To solve the problem in the installation of surface runoff treatment, including a drainage collector, a distribution chamber, a unit for primary treatment of wastewater from coarse particles and oil products, a unit for deep purification and pipelines for supplying wastewater for treatment and removal of treated water, equipped with shut-off devices, according to the invention, a unit primary wastewater treatment is made of at least two unified, autonomously functioning sections, each of which is equipped with a multifunctional a capacitive filter of a closed shell shape, mainly a large-sized geotube, capable of providing both water purification and sludge dewatering, and a container commensurate with a geotube designed to place the geotube in a horizontal position, the tank is equipped with a pump, a spillway capable of providing a given water level in it, and with a draining substrate and communicated with the purified water drainage pipe at the level of its bottom with the possibility of complete drainage of water from it to the deep purification unit, the geotube is connected with the pipeline without pressure supply of wastewater into it, placed in a container on a draining substrate with the possibility of its operation in the cleaning mode in the flooded, semi-flooded or unfrozen, purified water, working condition, as well as with the possibility of quick change from the wastewater treatment mode to the dewatering mode of sediment accumulated in the cleaning mode, during operation in the cleaning mode, the spillway is adjusted to the level of purified water in the tank corresponding to the selected operating condition of the geotube, a locking device on the pipeline e non-pressure supply is set to the “open” position with the possibility of continuous supply of wastewater to the geotube with uniform filling of the geotube internal volume with sediment and with a uniform outlet of purified water over the entire surface of the geotube into the tank, the purified water drainage pipe is open with the possibility, in the case of an unheated operating condition geotubes, non-pressure drainage of all water from the tank, and in the case of a flooded or semi-flooded working condition of the geotube, the removal of excess water exceeding a given level during operation tation in sludge dewatering mode locking device for supplying the waste water in conduit geotubu set to "closed", open to drain line unconfined or forced by the pump complete drainage from the container.

In particular cases of using the invention in a primary wastewater treatment unit, a container made of reinforced concrete, polymer or other material suitable for this purpose is used as a container; when operating the geotube in an unheated state, the bottom of the tank is used, or an asphalt concrete platform, or a platform coated with other erosion-resistant material, equipped with a draining substrate; sections of the primary water purification unit are arranged to alternately operate in the purification mode or in the dehydration mode; when the number of sections is more than two, their sequential operation is preferable both in the cleaning mode and in the dehydration mode; the primary cleaning unit is suitable for use both with and without reagents.

Distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed installation are the following:

a) signs that provide a technical result in all cases:

- the primary wastewater treatment unit is made of at least two unified, autonomously functioning sections,

- each section is equipped with a multifunctional mud-absorbing filter of a closed shell shape, mainly a large-sized geotube capable of both water purification and sludge dewatering, - each section is equipped with a container commensurate with the geotube designed to place the geotube in a horizontal position,

- the capacity in each section is equipped with a pump, a spillway capable of providing a given water level in it, and a drainage substrate,

- the specified capacity is in communication with the piping of purified water,

- the aforementioned pipeline is in communication with the tank at the level of its bottom with the possibility of a complete drainage of water from it to the deep purification unit,

- the geotube is in communication with the non-pressure wastewater supply pipeline for treatment,

- the geotube is placed in a container on the draining substrate with the possibility of its operation in the cleaning mode in the flooded, semi-flooded or unheated working condition purified by water, as well as with the possibility of its quick change from the wastewater treatment mode to the dewatering mode of the sludge accumulated in the cleaning mode,

- when operating in the cleaning mode, the spillway is adjusted to the level of purified water in the tank corresponding to the selected operating condition of the geotube,

- in the same cleaning mode, the shut-off device on the pressureless supply pipeline is set to the “open” position with the possibility of continuous supply of wastewater to the geotube with uniform filling of the geotube internal volume with sludge and with a uniform outlet of purified water over the entire geotube surface to the tank,

- in the same mode, the purified water drainage pipe is open with the possibility, in the case of an unheated operating condition of the geotube, of pressureless discharge of all water from the tank, and in the case of a flooded or semi-flooded working state of the geotube, to drain excess water in excess of a predetermined level,

- when operating in sludge dewatering mode, the shut-off device on the sewage water supply pipe to the geotube is set to the “closed” position,

- in the same dehydration mode, the drain pipe is open for pressureless or forced complete pumping of water from the tank with a pump;

b) the signs that provide a technical result in special cases:

- in the primary wastewater treatment unit, a container made of reinforced concrete, polymer or other material suitable for this purpose is used as a container,

- when operating the geotube in an unheated state, the bottom of the tank or an asphalt concrete platform or a platform coated with other erosion resistant material, equipped with a draining substrate, is used,

- sections of the primary water purification unit are configured to alternately operate in the purification mode or in the dehydration mode,

- when the number of sections is more than two, their sequential operation is preferable both in the cleaning mode and in the dehydration mode,

- the primary cleaning unit is suitable for use with or without reagents.

These distinctive features, individually and collectively, are aimed at achieving the claimed technical result and are significant. In the prior art, the set of known and distinctive features presented in the claims is unknown and, therefore, the invention meets the criterion of "novelty."

The claimed installation of surface runoff treatment, in contrast to the installation of the prototype, is simpler, more economical and more effective due to the other device of the unit of primary drainage treatment.

The proposed block consists of unified, or identical, autonomously working sections, each of which consists of only two main elements, compactly placed one in another: a multifunctional dirt-absorbing filter in the form of a large-sized geotube and a container for placing the geotube in it under given conditions.

The geotube is a closed filter sheath made of high-strength geotextile material. Before filling with purified water, it looks like a flat sleeve with sewn-on ends from 2.4 to 14 m wide, 5 to 50 m long. Functionally, the geotube is a fabric filter of extra-large dirt capacity, which can hold from 10 to 3000 tons of sediment in the form of a dispersed phase depending on its linear dimensions. When filling with sewage, the geotube in filtration mode gives out purified water 100% (one hundred percent) of the external surface, and accumulates sediment inside.

The mechanism of effective cleaning using a geotube consists in a self-regulating uniform hydraulic load with a hydrostatic pressure of the water being cleaned over the entire working area of the geotube, due to the pressureless supply of wastewater to the geotube, which eliminates local overloads and, as a result, breakthrough of untreated water. The shell shape of the tube provides averaging of the composition of the treated water and smoothing of peak hydraulic loads. The maximum permissible hydrostatic pressure inside the geotube should not exceed 6.0 m water column. The minimum working hydrostatic pressure, regardless of the working condition of the geotube (flooded, semi-flooded or unfrozen), should be at least 0.8 m water column.

The effective and economical operation of the claimed installation is due to the possibility of taking into account the local conditions of the high-altitude layout of the installation, the mark of the water supply pipe and the volume of surface runoff water, which allow optimizing the operation of the primary treatment unit by selecting the required number of working sections and the working condition of the geotube.

To ensure the continuity of the installation, the number of sections in the primary cleaning unit must be at least two for their alternate operation in the cleaning mode or in the dehydration mode. When the number of sections is more than two, their sequential operation both in the cleaning mode and in the dehydration mode is preferable.

Depending on the height of the inlet and outlet pipelines (elevation of elevations at the structure), three operating conditions of the geotube are possible: for small differences of up to 1.5 m - flooded, for differences of 1.5 to 3.5 m - semi-flooded and for large differences of more 3,5 m - non-flooded purified water working condition. The maximum permissible level of filling the tank with purified water for the geotube in a specific working condition is set using a spillway, the excess water is diverted to the deep purification unit.

The geotube can be operated both with use of reagents, and without them. The geotube itself ensures close contact of oil products dissolved in the purified water with all the polydisperse impurities accumulated by it, which are prone to adsorption of dissolved and emulsified oil products: particles of clay, humus, dusty sand, paper, cigarette butts, seeds, grass and other plant residues, but in the composition reagents, for example coagulants and / or flocculants, or bulk sorbents, for example milled peat, sawdust, flooring, chaff, charcoal, mine, can be loaded directly into the geotube ral sorbents like zeolite and limestone, a variety of polymer sorbents, including ground waste from the production of expensive sorption filters and foamed polymers. With a reagent-free supply of wastewater, it is preferable to operate geotubes in a flooded state. During cleaning, floating impurities float, the dispersed phase settles, and the settled liquid phase escapes to the outside in the form of purified water through a geotube and through a filter that is formed from the settled precipitated phase and floating impurities. When wastewater is treated with precipitating reagents — a flocculant, a coagulant, or a combination thereof — some dissolved substances pass into the dispersed phase and into floating impurities: phosphates, organic compounds of nitrogen and phosphorus, petroleum products, colloidal mineral and organic substances. The separated liquid phase, passing through the filter, is cleaned of colloidal pollutants, denitrified, and in the presence of dissolved oxygen in wastewater, nitrification and microbiological oxidation of organic pollutants.

Installation for cleaning surface runoff using geotubes in the primary treatment unit significantly simplifies the scheme of treatment facilities for storm sewers. It is cost-effective because it eliminates the need for garbage traps, sand traps, oil traps, sedimentation tanks and provides the opportunity for deep dewatering of the accumulated sludge without additional costs for its extraction and movement and the use of special dewatering plants.

Each geotube performs the functions of all the listed functionally separate structural elements. So it allows you to exclude from the installation of the prototype sequentially located thickener, hydrocyclone, separator, each with a separate system of pipelines and connections, as well as a condensed phase removal system associated with the thickener of the primary water treatment unit and with a device for unloading the dehydrated sludge.

The claimed installation is cheaper from the point of view of production, requires minimal time for installation and dismantling, reliable in operation.

A device for cleaning the bottom of an isolated reservoir with standing water above a layer of packed sludge, for example, the bottom of a pond or lagoon, including dredge with a ripper, a slurry pipe with a pump, a geotube, a drainage platform for placing a geotube, and also a pressure pipe for supplying sediment in the form of a pulp to the geotube, artificially prepared from sludge (US 7005064, IPC C02F 11/12, publ. 02.28.2006).

The known device is intended for high-speed forced removal of natural and man-made sediment from the bottom of the reservoir. The geotube as a dirt-absorbing filter was used as a filter container for dewatering and accumulating sludge with returning to the body of water water partially purified from mechanical impurities due to pressure supply of the initial pulp. The known device is indifferent to the quality of the discharged water. It is not suitable for the purification of running water from all storm pollutants, including petroleum products.

The invention is illustrated by a description of a specific, but not limiting, example of implementation and the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows the device of the primary cleaning unit of the claimed installation on the example of a unit consisting of three sections, a plan view, in FIG. 2 shows a section device of said block in a cleaning mode with a geotube in a flooded state, a longitudinal section, in FIG. 3 is the same as in FIG. 2, with the half-flooded geotube, longitudinal section, in FIG. 4 is the same as in FIG. 2, with a geotube in an unsubmerged state, a longitudinal section, in FIG. 5 - section device in dewatering mode of sediment accumulated in the geotube, longitudinal section.

Installation for cleaning surface runoff includes a drainage collector and a distribution chamber (not shown), a unit for the primary treatment of water from dispersed particles and oil products (Fig. 1) and a unit for deep purification.

The primary cleaning unit consists of unified, autonomously functioning sections 1.

Each section 1 contains a large-sized geotube 2, which is a multifunctional mud-absorbing filter of a closed shell shape, capable of both cleaning and dewatering sludge, and a container 3 commensurate with geotube 2, designed to accommodate geotube 2 (Fig. 1-5).

A geotube 2 of any section 1 is in communication with a pipeline 4 of a non-pressure supply of wastewater for treatment equipped with a shut-off device 5. A container 3 is connected with a pipeline 6 for discharging purified water to a block 7 for deep water treatment (Fig. 1).

The tank 3 is equipped with a pump (not shown), a spillway 8, providing a given level of water in it, and a drainage substrate 9, laid on its bottom 10.

The pipeline 6 is in communication with the tank 3 at the level of its bottom 10 (Fig. 2-5).

Geotube 2 is placed in the tank 3 on the substrate 9 in a horizontal position with the possibility of its operation in the wastewater treatment mode 11 and in the mode of sludge dehydration 12. In the treatment mode, the wastewater 11 is supplied inside it through a pipe 4 with the accumulation of sludge 12 inside and drainage purified water 13 outward from its entire surface 14 into a container 3 (Fig. 2-4). In the mode of dewatering sludge 12, the removal of residual purified water 13 and drying of the sludge 12 to a stiff or loose consistency is carried out with the pipeline 4 turned off (Fig. 5).

In the cleaning mode, the geotube 2 is in the flooded (Fig. 2), in the semi-flooded (Fig. 3) or in the non-flooded (Fig. 4) purified water 13 with the maximum permissible level 15 of its flooding or non-flooding with purified water 13, specified by spillway 8, and with the removal of excess water 13 in block 7 deep treatment.

The geotube 2, filled with compacted sludge 12, is transferred to the dehydration mode by blocking the pipeline 4 with a shut-off device 5 and the complete pressure-free or forced removal of purified water 13 from the tank 3 through the pipeline 6 to the deep purification unit 7 or to the water intake during overload or malfunctions of block 7.

In a non-flooded operating state, a geotube 2 can be placed on a site (not shown). Under the site should be understood as a plot within one section 1, commensurate with the geotube 2, having a coating resistant to erosion by water, for example asphalt concrete, and placed on the coating, draining the substrate.

Installation works as follows.

Wastewater 11 of the surface runoff through the collector and the distribution chamber by a non-pressure feed enters section 1 of the primary treatment unit, where it flows through a supply pipe 4 to a geotube 2 located in a tank 3, for example, in a reinforced concrete tank. An overtaking collector device is preferably used to discharge excess and conditionally clean drains from the distribution chamber.

When operating in the wastewater treatment mode 11 and before the transfer to the dehydration mode of the accumulated sludge 12, the geotube 2 in the flooded state is completely submerged in water 13; in a semi-flooded state, it is immersed to a predetermined level, in an unheated state, it should not be immersed in water 13, and the latter, without accumulating, should drain over the entire outer surface 14 of the geotube 2 onto the drainage substrate 9 of the vessel 3 or platform (not shown) and continuously be removed without flooding of the geotube 2 from below.

A geotube 2, filled with sediment 12 by 50-75%, is switched to dehydration mode by turning off the wastewater 11 by means of a shut-off device 5 of the pipe 4 and emptying the tank 3 by gravity drainage of water 13 in a gravity flow mode or by using a pump. Upon reaching sludge 12 of a stiff or loose consistency, the geotube 2 is opened, the dehydrated sludge 12 is removed and transported to the place of processing or placement. Disposable geotube 2 is disposed of as a secondary polymer, reusable is regenerated by high-pressure washing.

It was experimentally established that the efficiency of cleaning the surface runoff of residential territories in geotubes with filter pores from 180 to 220 microns in size without the use of conditioning agents for suspended solids is about 87%, for oil products - more than 45%, when using coagulants and / or flocculants - for suspended solids from 96% to 99.9%, for petroleum products - from 78% to 86%.

The claimed installation is created in urban conditions by construction organizations.

Claims (6)

1. Installation of surface runoff treatment, including a drainage collector, a distribution chamber, a unit for primary treatment of wastewater from coarse particles and oil products, a unit for deep purification and pipelines for supplying wastewater and removal of purified water, equipped with shut-off devices, characterized in that the unit for primary treatment of wastewater water is made of at least two unified, autonomously functioning sections, each of which is equipped with a multi-function dirt-intensive filter of a closed shell form s, mainly a large-sized geotextile tube that can provide both water purification and sludge dewatering, and a container commensurate with a geotextile tube designed to place the specified tube in a horizontal position, the tank is equipped with a pump, a spillway that can provide a given water level in it, and drainage the substrate and in communication with the pipeline for the removal of purified water at the level of its bottom with the possibility of a complete drainage of water from it to the block of deep tertiary treatment, geotextile tube communicated with the pipeline without a significant supply of wastewater into it, placed in a container on a draining substrate with the possibility of its operation in the cleaning mode in the flooded, semi-flooded or unfrozen, purified water, working condition, as well as with the ability to quickly change it from the wastewater treatment mode to the dewatering mode of sediment accumulated in the cleaning mode, during operation in the cleaning mode, the spillway is adjusted to the level of purified water in the tank corresponding to the selected operating state of the geotextile tube, the locking device and the non-pressure supply pipeline is set to the “open” position with the possibility of continuous supply of wastewater into the tube with uniform filling of the internal volume of the tube with sludge and with a uniform outlet of purified water over the entire surface of the tube into the tank, the purified water drain pipe is open with the possibility, in the case of an unheated working the condition of the geotube, non-pressure drainage of all water from the tank, and in the case of a flooded or semi-flooded working state of the geotube, the removal of excess water exceeding a given level, with In the case of sludge dewatering, the shut-off device on the sewage water supply pipe to the geotextile tube is set to the “closed” position, the drain pipe is open for pressureless or forced complete pump drainage from the tank. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in the primary water purification unit, a container made of reinforced concrete, polymer or other material suitable for this purpose is used as a container. 3. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that when operating the geotextile tube in an unheated operating condition, the bottom of the tank, or an asphalt concrete platform, or a platform coated with other erosion resistant material, equipped with a draining substrate, is used. 4. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the sections of the primary water purification unit are made with the possibility of their alternate operation in the treatment mode or in the dehydration mode. 5. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that when the number of sections is more than two, their sequential operation is preferable both in the cleaning mode and in the dehydration mode. 6. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary cleaning unit is suitable for use both with and without reagents.

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