RU2600963C1 - Increased capacity crane - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: increased capacity crane relates to handling devices and can be used by sea and by land. Crane comprises floating bodies on which crane stands are leant, in the form of hollow sealed pontoons, equipped with opposed symmetrically ballast compartments. Pontoons are arranged in fluid in additional tanks with transverse control and fixing devices located perpendicular to axis of the pontoon, and longitudinal control and fixing devices located in parallel to axis of the pontoon.

EFFECT: increase in accuracy of the crane positioning with displacing heavy and oversized cargo during installation of new equipment is achieved or at replacement of equipment in rooms.

5 cl, 17 dwg

Description

The crane with increased carrying capacity refers to loading and unloading devices and can be used on land and on water, on the banks of rivers, seas and oceans, for moving heavy and bulky goods when installing new equipment, or when replacing equipment in rooms where there are no stationary cranes carrying capacity, or in any other places, during emergency rescue operations.

Known "Crane bridge and gantry crane" according to patent RU 73660 dated 04.03.2008, published: 05.27.2008, B66C17 / 00, a bridge consisting of two longitudinal beams, two transverse beams, at least two U-shaped portals, and four supports, each of which is made with the possibility of movement along the rail track; a gantry crane containing a cargo trolley with a load gripping device, each U-shaped transverse beam consists of a crossbeam and two racks, each longitudinal beam consists of at least two parts, each of which has at least one partition in the box-shaped cavity and is connected to the other part and the crossbeam by means of a detachable connection; each U-shaped transverse beam consists of a crossbeam and two racks, each of which is made on the opposite side of the crossbeam with a flange made with the possibility of connection with the corresponding flange of the extreme part of the longitudinal beam.

This loading and unloading facility of two U-shaped portals, and four supports, each of which is made with the possibility of movement along the rail track, works in stationary conditions and does not allow you to quickly move it to another place, for example, to the place of emergency operations or to the place urgent installation and dismantling of heavy equipment

It is known "Floating lifting means" according to patent RU 2406681 from 04/01/2009, published: 12/20/2010, B66C23 / 52, including a floating base (hull), and mounted on it a lifting boom made balanced on a rotary column containing the main cargo boom and auxiliary counterweight boom with an external counterweight hanging on it, interconnected by pulley systems, and based on supporting hydraulic cylinders, characterized in that as a counterweight mounted on an auxiliary elu variable emission, a counterweight is used in the form of a hollow vessel, upside-down, mainly in the form of a cup and / or a half cylinder provided on top of the air valve.

The described floating lifting device containing the main cargo boom and the auxiliary counterweight boom with an external counterweight mounted on it has large dimensions and does not allow work in cramped conditions, for example, at the place of urgent installation and dismantling of heavy equipment in enclosed port facilities.

The closest technical solution is the “Floating Handler” according to patent RU 2394749 dated 10/06/2006, publication of the application: 04/20/2008, published: 07/20/2010, B66C23 / 52, B63B27 / 30, B65G67 / 60, B63B35 / 44, which has decommissioned cases submarines and a lifting device, characterized in that it contains at least two interconnected T-shaped, or parallel to each other and connected by additional elements of the floating hull of decommissioned submarines and at least one lifting device, with at least one decommissioned underwater hull boat and is equipped with crane protection and mooring devices on both sides of it; additional connecting elements are located under water and / or above water; the lifting device is made in the form of a jib, or gantry, or bridge crane with consoles; contains a power plant, propulsion and ballast system; contains pin piles; additional connecting elements are made collapsible; additional connecting elements are hinged with the possibility of rotation until they adjoin the sides of the hulls of decommissioned submarines.

This floating crane is complex in design, especially in the case of a small crane, it requires counterweights, has large dimensions and can be used only in the waters of a specific reservoir.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to provide loading and unloading of heavy and bulky goods on land and on water, on the banks of rivers, seas and oceans, when installing new equipment, or when replacing equipment in rooms where there are no stationary cranes with large lifting capacities, or in any other places during emergency rescue operations.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the crane with increased carrying capacity contains floating bodies with a ballast system and at least one lifting device in the form of a gantry crane, while the crane is equipped with additional containers filled with liquid, in each of which there is a floating body made in the form of a hollow hermetic a pontoon equipped with opposing symmetrically ballast compartments; vertical gantry racks are supported by sealed pontoons and at the top are connected by guide beams located parallel to the longitudinal axes of the pontoons, on which movable beams are installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axes of the pontoons, with a removable insert part provided with load holders; additional crane containers are provided with transverse control and fixing devices located perpendicular to the pontoon axis, and longitudinal control and fixing devices located parallel to the pontoon axis; cargo holders are made in the form of either chains, or cables, or brackets; containers filled with liquid are placed in the ground or on the ground in the form of pools; containers filled with liquid are placed in water on piles; containers filled with liquid are placed on mobile platforms.

The implementation of the floating bodies on which the crane stands rest, in the form of hollow sealed pontoons equipped with opposing symmetrically ballast compartments, the placement of the pontoons in liquid in additional containers with transverse control and fixing devices located perpendicular to the axis of the pontoon, and longitudinal control and fixing devices located parallel to the axis of the pontoon, allows you to ensure the accuracy of the positioning of the crane with moving heavy and bulky cargo, per move heavy and bulky loads in any direction, placing, where necessary, liquid containers, changing the liquid level, set the crane in the vertical direction, lifting the load to a predetermined height, balancing by filling the ballast compartments, adjust the position of the pontoons relative to the container and fix them when lifting and free before moving the pontoons with the frame of the crane with the load to the right place.

The crane is illustrated with drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 - General layout of the crane;

in FIG. 2 - section aa in figure 1;

in FIG. 3 - top view, the position of the crane in zone A - unloading the cargo and in zone B - loading the cargo;

in Fig.4 is a section bB in Fig. 3, the position of the crane with the location of the tank in the ground and the movement of cargo from zone A to zone B by liquid in the tank;

in FIG. 5 is a cross-section BB in FIG. 3, the position of the crane in zone A - when unloading cargo;

in FIG. 6 is a section GG in FIG. 3, the position of the crane in zone B - when loading cargo;

in FIG. 7 - the position of the crane with the location of the tanks above the ground;

in FIG. 8 - crane with the location of the tanks on mobile platforms on pneumatic wheels and securing the cargo to the brackets;

in FIG. 9 - the position of the crane with the location of containers on mobile platforms on wheels moving on rails, the load is installed on the platform and the brackets are attached to the platform;

figure 10 is a top view of the position of the crane in zone D - unloading cargo from water transport and in zone B - loading cargo on ground transport;

in FIG. 11 is a section II in FIG. 10, the position of the crane with the location of the tank in the ground and the tank on piles and the movement of the cargo from zone G to zone B through the liquid in the tank;

in FIG. 12 is a section DD in FIG. 10, a ship in an outdoor pool;

in FIG. 13 is a top view, the position of the crane in zone D is for unloading cargo from water transport, which is located in the lock chamber, and in zone B, for loading cargo on ground transport;

in FIG. 14 is a section KK in FIG. 13, a crane with the location of the tank in the ground and the tank on piles and the movement of cargo from zone D to zone B by liquid in the tank;

in FIG. 15 is a section LL in FIG. 13, a ship in a lock chamber with lock gates;

in FIG. 16 is a cross-section EE in FIG. 10, 13, a crane in zone D - when unloading cargo from water transport;

in FIG. 17 is a section FJ in FIG. 10, 13, a crane in zone B - when loading cargo onto ground transport.

In FIG. 1-17 shows a frame 1, a rack 2 frames, a guide beam 3, a movable beam 4, a supporting edge 5 of a movable beam, a removable insert 6, a load holder 7, a load 8, pontoons 9, containers 10, liquid 11, the transverse regulating and fixing device 12, longitudinal adjusting and fixing device 13, ballast compartments 14, lodgements 15, motor vehicles 16, railway transport devices 17, platforms 18, pneumatic wheels 19, railway wheels 20, rails 21, brackets 22, platforms 23, piles 24, vessel 25 , lock chamber 26, lock gate 27.

Crane increased capacity is as follows.

The crane contains a frame 1 (Fig. 1), made in the form of several vertical posts 2, which are supported by the bodies of two pontoons 9 located parallel to each other and placed in containers 10 made with the possibility of filling them with liquid 11 using pumps (not shown in the drawings shown).

For quick movement of the crane and installation in any desired place, the crane design is made collapsible, which allows you to quickly install it during emergency rescue operations.

Vertical racks 2 of the frame at the top are connected by two guide beams 3 located parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pontoons 9.

At least two movable beams 4 are installed on the guide beams 3, rearranged relative to each other, depending on the size of the load 8.

Each movable beam 4 is made up of two edge support ends 5 mounted on the guide beams 3, and a central removable insert 6 provided with a load holder 7.

The cargo holders 7 are made in the form of either chains, or cables, or brackets 22 (Fig. 8, 9), which are attached directly to the load 8 or to the cargo platform 23.

To balance the frame 1 with the load 8 in the longitudinal and transverse directions, the pontoons 9 are equipped with opposite ballast compartments 14, filled with liquid 11.

For accurate positioning of the frame 1 with a load of 8, the crane containers 10 are provided with transverse control and locking devices 12 located perpendicular to the axis of the pontoons, and longitudinal control and locking devices 13 located parallel to the axis of the pontoons.

Pontoons 9 are made both new and from modified hulls of decommissioned vessels, barges, submarines or other river, sea vessels.

Tanks 10 are made in the form of pools (Fig. 4) or metal tanks (Fig. 1, 7, 8, 9). In this case, the tanks 10 are located both stationary (Fig. 4, 7, 11, 14), in the ground (Fig. 4) or on the ground (Fig. 7), and on mobile platforms 18, which move on the ground on pneumatic wheels 19 (Fig. 8) or on wheels 20 (Fig. 9), which move along the rails 21. With this design of the crane, transportation to the required distances is provided, including significant ones.

The length of the tanks 10 is determined based on the distance over which the load 8 should be moved.

As the vessel 10 for the vessel 25, a lock chamber 26 (Fig. 15) with lock gate 27 can be used.

Crane increased capacity works as follows.

They assemble a crane by installing containers 10 either in the ground, or on the ground, or in water on stilts.

In the tank 10, pontoons 9 are placed on which racks 2 with guide beams 3 and movable beams 4 are installed. A removable insert 6 is installed in the movable beams 4 between the supporting ends 5, with holders 7 suitable for the load being transported, either chains or cables, or brackets 22.

Feeding liquid 11 in the tank 10 or pumping liquid 11 from the tanks 10, set the crane in the vertical direction.

To lift the load 8 (Fig. 1), the pontoons 9 with the frame 1 of the crane are moved through the fluid 11, installed above the load 8 using transverse control and fixing devices 12 and longitudinal control and fixing devices 13. Fasten the holders 7 to the load 8.

At the same time, liquid 11 is supplied to both containers 10, which lifts the pontoons 9 with the frame 1, and the load 8 fixed on the frame 1 using the holders 7.

The load balancing 8 is carried out by supplying liquid 11 to the ballast compartments 14 of the pontoons 9.

Filling the tank 10 with liquid 11 to the desired level, provide lifting of the load 8 to a predetermined height.

Then the pontoons 9 are fixed relative to the container 10 in the transverse and longitudinal direction, in order to prevent the movement of the load 8 when the crane moves, using transverse control and fixing devices 12 and longitudinal control and fixing devices 13.

After that, tanks 10 mounted on mobile platforms 18 on wheels are moved to the desired distance, where loading onto another transport device takes place.

Set the load 8 over the transport device, which must be loaded 8.

The pontoons 9 are unlocked using transverse control and fixing devices 12 and longitudinal control and fixing devices 13 and with the help of these devices load 8 is placed over the lodges 15 of the transport device 17.

Liquid 11 is pumped out simultaneously from both containers 10. The load 8 is lowered down and laid on the lodgements 15 (Fig. 6) of the transport device 17 or on the platform of the transport device 16 (Fig. 7).

Disconnect the holders 7 from the load 8.

The liquid 11 is supplied simultaneously to both containers 10. The crane is lifted and moved to its original position.

When the tanks 10 are made in the form of pools (Fig. 4, 7, 11, 14), the pontoons 9 with the crane frame 1 and the fixed load 8 are moved through the fluid 11 in the tanks 10 from zone A, where they are unloaded from one transport device 16 (Fig. .5), to zone B, where they are loaded onto another transport device 17 (Fig. 6).

Raising and lowering the load 8 is carried out similarly to the above.

Using the proposed crane can be reloaded from one transport device to another transport device, for example:

- from the automobile 16 (Fig. 5) to the railway 17 (Fig. 6),

- from a water vessel 25 (FIG. 16) to a motor vehicle 16 (FIG. 17),

- from a sea vessel to a river vessel (Fig. 15).

Cargo 8 is transferred from a sea vessel to a river vessel (Fig. 15) as follows: in zone G, load 8 is lifted from the sea vessel with a crane and the load 8 is taken to zone B, the sea vessel is taken out of zone G and the river vessel is installed in zone G transfer the crane with cargo 8 from zone B to zone G and load 8 onto a river ship.

The vessel 10 for installing vessels 25 can be open (Fig. 12) or made in the form of a lock chamber 26 (Fig. 15) with lock gate 27, this allows, by pumping or pumping liquid 11 into the lock chamber 26, to adjust the height of the load 8 on one the level necessary for the operation of the crane, regardless of the type of vessel and its height, and also to exclude the influence of variable water levels in rivers, seas, oceans (tides, low tides) and the effect of waves on the vessel during rigging with cargo 8.

The layout of the crane makes it very convenient for the Ministry of Emergency Situations, since it is collapsible, it can be placed on railway or road freight platforms for prompt delivery to the emergency rescue zone, adding tanks with any liquid to fill the tanks.

Using a crane (Fig. 8), new equipment is installed, equipment is replaced in rooms where there are no stationary cranes with heavy lifting capacity, or in other places during emergency rescue operations.

The technical effect of the proposed technical solution is to increase the accuracy of the positioning of a crane with a moving heavy and bulky cargo when installing new equipment or when replacing equipment in rooms where there are no stationary cranes with heavy lifting capacity, or in any other places during emergency rescue operations.

The proposed design of a crane with increased lifting capacity has several advantages compared with the known cranes. The load is lifted due to the buoyancy of water. This allows you to increase the carrying capacity of the crane, simplify its design and reduce the cost of loading and unloading. In addition, the proposed crane allows not only to lift heavy and bulky loads, but also to move them over long distances.

Claims (5)

1. The crane with increased capacity, containing floating bodies with a ballast system and at least one lifting device in the form of a gantry crane, characterized in that the crane is equipped with additional containers filled with liquid, in each of which there is a floating body made in the form of a hollow sealed pontoon, equipped with opposite symmetrically ballast compartments, the vertical gantry crane stands are supported by sealed pontoons and are connected at the top by parallel arranged longitudinal axes of the pontoon They are guided beams, on which movable beams with a removable plug-in part equipped with load holders are installed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the pontoons, additional crane containers are provided with transverse regulating and locking devices located perpendicular to the axis of the pontoon, and longitudinal regulating and fixing devices parallel to the axis of the pontoon . 2. The crane with increased carrying capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the cargo holders are made in the form of chains, or cables, or brackets. 3. The crane with increased carrying capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the containers filled with liquid are made in the ground or on the ground in the form of pools. 4. The crane with increased capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the containers filled with liquid are placed in water on piles. 5. The crane with increased carrying capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that the containers filled with liquid are placed on mobile platforms.

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