RU2598659C1 - Building balcony design - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and can be used as load-bearing structures of balconies of residential and public buildings with bearing reinforced-concrete frame. Adjacent balcony plates rest on two mutually perpendicular sides. Larger sides of the balcony plates rest on wall crossbars, which are supported by the building frame column. Along the length of the larger sides the balcony plates are attached to the wall crossbars. Smaller sides of the balcony plates of adjacent flats rest on a wall pylon of the lower floor of the building, and the wall pylon of the upper floor of the building is installed above the joint of the smaller sides of the balcony plates of adjacent flats. Wall pylon of the upper floor is installed accurately above the wall pylon of the lower floor. Adjacent balcony plates are attached directly to the column.

EFFECT: technical result is the increase of reliability of the building balcony design.

1 cl, 11 dwg

Description

Application area

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used as load-bearing structures of balconies of residential and public buildings with a bearing reinforced concrete frame.

State of the art

Known hinged balcony (patent RU 107197 U1, IPC E04B 1/00, publ. 08/10/2011), including a balcony slab, one side of which is attached to the crossbar of the building. The side of the balcony slab adjacent to the frame building is equipped with metal embedded elements and releases of reinforcing bars, with which the balcony plate is welded to the metal embedded elements of the crossbar of the frame building.

The disadvantages of the known technical solutions are low operational properties. When the balcony slab is attached to the crossbar, the balcony slab in the support unit is inevitably rotated from the load, while the slope of the balcony slab and the likelihood of transferring the load from the balcony slab to the hinged wall panels arise, which is unacceptable.

The device of external balconies is known (patent for invention RU 2421579 C1, IPC E04B 1/00, published on 06/20/2011), which we selected for the prototype, in which the plate has a projection beyond the outer plane of the wall of more than one meter and rests on supporting structures of at least at three points, two of which are special reinforced concrete prefabricated cantilever supporting tables located at the inner corners of the balcony slab and supported on the wall. Other support points - one or more, are special precast concrete balcony columns located under the outer longitudinal side of the slab, and are installed from the outer plane of the outer wall of the building with an air gap in which the insulation layer of the wall passes, while maintaining its thickness and continuity.

The disadvantage of this device is the low reliability due to the support of the balcony slab at three points, while the supporting tables are attached to the floor slab of the building only at the top of the slab with a steel plate, and when the load on the balcony slab is uneven, there will be a change in the force exerted on the mounting unit of the supporting table to plate, which will inevitably lead to bending of the mounting plate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to develop the design of the balcony of the building for frame residential and public buildings with high performance properties.

The technical result is to increase the reliability of the design of the balcony of the building.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the construction of the balcony of the building, including balcony slabs with holes in the area of interfacing with the outer wall panels, according to the proposed solution, adjacent balcony slabs are supported on two mutually perpendicular sides, while the smaller side of the balcony slabs are supported on wall pylons of the lower floors of the building and attached to the wall pylons and the column of the building frame, and on the larger side the balcony slabs are supported by the wall crossbars resting on the columns of the building frame and attached to the wall crossbars, while the balcony slabs are made with a thickening on two mutually perpendicular sides in the area of their support on the wall crossbar and the wall pylon, and on the smaller sides of the balcony slabs in the place of their support on the wall pylon below the located floor there is a wall pylon above located floor.

Due to more reliable support of the balcony slab on two mutually perpendicular sides, the reliability of the structure is ensured and the rotation of the slab in the supporting sections is excluded.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated by drawings,

where in FIG. 1 shows a fragment of the building’s wiring diagram, including a column, wall beams, wall pylon, wall mounted panels and two balcony slabs of adjacent apartments, with section designations;

in FIG. 2 is a section AA shown in FIG. 1, crossing the balcony slab, wall mounted panels and wall bolt;

in FIG. 3 shows a section BB marked in FIG. 2, a horizontal plane on top of the balcony slab;

in FIG. 4 shows a section BB shown in FIG. 1, crossing the balcony slab, wall mounted panels near the columns and wall pylons below the upper and higher floors;

in FIG. 5 shows a section GG indicated in FIG. 4, a horizontal plane along the top of the balcony slab in the column area;

in FIG. 6 is a section DD shown in FIG. 4, a horizontal plane above the top of the wall pylon below the located floor (under the balcony slab);

in FIG. 7 shows a section EE indicated in FIG. 1 intersecting a balcony slab, a wall pylon above the located floor and a wall pylon below the located floor;

in FIG. 8 is a sectional view FJ indicated in FIG. 7, in a horizontal plane above the balcony slabs, in the area of the wall pylon mounting above the located floor to the balcony slabs;

in FIG. 9 presents a dimensional (formwork) drawing of a balcony slab; in FIG. 10 is a sectional view II shown in FIG. 9, extending across the balcony slab in the area of the embedded part, used to mount the balcony slab to the wall crossbar;

in FIG. 11 shows a section KK indicated in FIG. 9 extending across the balcony slab in the area of the opening in the support portion of the balcony slab.

The implementation of the invention

The supporting structures of the balcony (Fig. 1) consist of balcony slabs 1 of adjacent apartments (rooms) of the building and wall pylons 2 and 3 below the located floor and above the located floor (see Fig. 4), on which the balcony slabs 1 rest on the smaller side 4. Wall pylons 2 and 3 combine two functions: the function of the supporting structure and the function of the partition between adjacent apartments (rooms). The large side 5 of the balcony slabs 1 rests on the wall beams 6. The wall beams 6, in turn, are supported on the column 7 of the building frame. The hinged wall panels 8 below the located floor and the hinged wall panels 9 above the located floor are attached to the column 7 (see Fig. 2).

Along the length of the greater side 5, the balcony slabs 1 are fastened to the wall crossbars 6 by welding steel plates 10 (Fig. 2) to the embedded parts 11 (Fig. 3) installed in the upper part of the crossbar 6, and to the embedded parts 12 installed along on the larger side, 5 balcony slabs 1 in increments determined by calculation.

The smaller sides of the 4 balcony slabs 1 of the adjacent apartments (rooms) are supported on the wall pylon 2 below the located floor of the building (Fig. 4), and the wall pylon 3 above the located floor of the building is installed above the junction of the smaller sides of the 4 balcony plates of 1 adjacent apartments (rooms). In this case, the wall pylon 3 above the located floor is installed exactly above the wall pylon 2 below the located floor. The wall pylon 3 is mounted above the located floor using steel mounting angles 13, which are welded by electric welding to the embedded parts 14 installed on the smaller sides of the 4 balcony slabs 1 of the adjacent apartments (rooms) and to the embedded parts 15 installed in the lower part of the wall pylon 3 above the located floors (see Figs. 7 and 8).

In addition, balcony slabs 1 of adjacent apartments (rooms) are attached directly to the column 7 (Fig. 5) by means of mounting elements 16, which are welded by electric welding to the embedded parts 17 installed in the column 7, and to the embedded parts 18 mounted on the corner of the balcony plates 1 adjacent apartments (premises) at the intersection of the smaller side 4 and the larger side 5 of the balcony slabs 1.

The wall pylon 2 below the upper floor in the upper part is additionally attached to the hinged wall panels 8 below the located floor by welding by welding the mounting T-piece 19 to the embedded parts 20 in the upper part of the mounted wall panels 8 below the located floor and the embedded part 21 in the upper part of the wall pylon 2 below the located floor.

In FIG. 9, 10 and 11, a balcony slab 1 is shown having a rectangular outline in plan. On the lower side 4 and the larger side 5 of the balcony slab 1 there are thickenings 22 (Fig. 10, Fig. 11), which ensure the strength of the slab in the supporting sections (at the points of support on the wall crossbar 6 and the wall pylon 2 below the located floor). Embedded parts 14 are installed along the smaller side 4 of the balcony slab 1, embedded parts 12 are installed along the larger side 5 of the balcony slab 1. A embedded part 18 is installed at the intersection of the smaller side 4 and the larger side 5 of the balcony slab 1. Also on the free (not supported) sides 23 and 24 of the balcony slab 1 there are embedded parts 25, which are used for fastening the balcony fence (it is not shown conditionally in the drawings).

Along the greater side 5 of the balcony slab 1 there are openings 26 (perforation) in which mineral wool insulation is placed. Also, the balcony slab contains mounting loops 27, designed to capture the hook of the lifting device during installation of the balcony slab 1.

The manufacture of balcony slabs 1 is rational to carry out at factories for the production of reinforced concrete structures in stationary metal formwork using the conveyor-belt production method. Reinforcement is adopted by calculation in accordance with the requirements of existing building codes.

Installation of the balcony slab 1 is carried out in parallel with the installation of the building. After the installation of columns 7, wall crossbars 6, wall curtain panels 8 below the floor and wall pylons 2 below the floor of the building, the balcony slabs 1 of adjacent apartments (rooms) are installed in such a way that their larger side 5 is installed on the wall crossbar 6, and the smaller side 4 is installed on the upper edge of the wall pylon 2 below the located floor. At the same time, on the upper side of the wall pylon 2 below the located floor, the smaller sides of the 4 two balcony slabs 1 of adjacent apartments (rooms) are installed. Next, the mounting plates 10 are welded to the embedded parts 11 in the crossbar 6 and the embedded parts 12 in the balcony plates 1. The mounting parts 16 are welded to the embedded parts 17 in the column 7 and to the embedded parts 18 in the balcony plates 1. Into the holes 26 (perforated ) of balcony slabs 1, heat-insulating material is inserted (for example, mineral wool heat-insulating slab), which reduces heat loss in the junction of the balcony slabs 1 with wall panels 8 and 9.

Next, the installation of the supporting structures above the located floor is carried out. Hinged wall panels 9 above the located floor are hung on mounted columns 7 above the located floor, a wall pylon 3 is installed above the located floor and fastened by welding of mounting parts to embedded parts installed in the construction of balcony slabs, wall pylon and wall panels. Thus, the floor installation cycle is repeated. After that, the installation of the balcony fencing and its fastening to the embedded parts 25 in the balcony slabs 1.

The proposed technical solution improves the performance and reliability of the supporting structures of the balconies of residential and public buildings due to more reliable support of the balcony slab on two mutually perpendicular sides, to ensure the reliability of the structure and to exclude the rotation of the slab in the reference sections.

Claims (1)

The construction of the balcony of the building, including balcony slabs with holes in the interface with the outer wall panels, characterized in that the adjacent balcony slabs are supported on two mutually perpendicular sides, while the lower side of the balcony slabs are supported on the wall pylons below the floors of the building and attached to the wall pylons and the column of the building frame, and on the larger side, the balcony slabs are supported by wall beams, resting on the columns of the building frame, and are attached to the wall beams, while the balcony Litas are made with thickening on two mutually perpendicular sides in the area of their support on the wall crossbar and wall pylon, and on the smaller sides of the balcony slabs in the place of their support on the wall pylon below the located floor, a wall pylon is installed above the located floor.

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