RU2597317C2 - Method for spherical gun powder graphitization - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to production of spherical gun powders (SGP) for small arms, namely, to a method for gun powder graphitization. After drying lot of non-coated powder is loaded into tight polishing drum, representing a copper rotary cylinder. Along the edge of the drum there are copper ribs, which provide efficient mixing. After loading the powder weighed portion of dry graphite and water is introduced. Then spherical gun powder is graphitized at temperature of at least 15 °C and relative humidity of at least 75 %, during 30-80 minutes.

EFFECT: method enables obtaining a uniform coating of powder elements by graphite at serial production of powders, where the weight of powder lots does not exceed 80-200 kg.

1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of spherical powders (TFP) for small arms.

In the literature [1], rotating drums for bulk materials are known, in which it is possible to conduct graphitization of TFP. The disadvantage of graphitizing in such drums is that the processes of loading and unloading TFPs are relatively dangerous operations.

As a prototype [2], the authors chose a method of graphitizing TFP, according to which the powder after extraction from water to a moisture content of 18.0-22.0 wt. % injected graphite suspension consisting of 1 wt. including graphite and 6-7 wt. including water in an amount of 0.5-0.2 wt. % by weight of the powder in terms of the dry weight of graphite and fed to the hopper, from which the screw feeder is fed into the pneumatic conveyor line under compressed air pressure of 0.5-4.5 kg / cm ² and with a temperature of 50-100 ° C through drying cyclone.

The developed method of graphitizing SFP is used in serial production, while large-tonnage batches of gunpowders are produced continuously with satisfactory results with graphite uniformly distributed on the surface of spherical powder elements, however, in small-tonnage production, where the mass of batches of SFP is 60-200 kg, the known method of graphitization does not provide uniform graphitization TFP.

The aim of the invention is to develop a method of graphitizing TFP for serial production of gunpowder, where the mass of lots of gunpowder does not exceed 80-200 kg

This goal is achieved in that the spherical non-graphite powder after drying with a moisture content of 6.0-10.0 wt. % in the amount of 80-160 kg, in terms of dry weight, is loaded into a sealed polishing drum, which is a copper rotating cylinder with a diameter of 1600 mm and a width of 700 mm, copper ribs are strengthened along the forming drum, which provide effective mixing of spherical powder, after the powder is loaded a portion of dry graphite and water is introduced in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt. % and 0.2-0.3 wt. %, respectively, then at a room temperature of at least 15 ° C and a relative humidity of at least 75%, with a drum speed of 18-27 rpm, graphite spherical powder is graphitized for 30-80 minutes, graphite powder is unloaded into the hopper, and then through estrus in a container.

The authors developed a method for graphitizing SFP for mass-produced small batches of gunpowder, for example, weighing from 80 to 200 kg. A polishing drum (pos. 1) for graphitizing an SFP is shown in FIG. and is a copper rotating cylinder with a diameter of 1600 mm and a width of 700 mm. Along the generatrix of the drum, copper ribs (pos. 2) are strengthened, which provide effective mixing of spherical powder. The diameter of the drum and its width are selected constructively from the calculation of uniform mixing of the TFP during graphitization. SFP loading into the polishing drum is carried out through the hatch (item 3).

Dried TFP to a moisture content of 6.0-10.0 wt. % is loaded into a sealed polishing drum, then a weighed portion of dry graphite and water are introduced in an amount of 0.1-0.3 wt. % and 0.2-0.3 wt. %, respectively, at a room temperature of at least 15 ° C and a relative humidity of at least 75%. Reduced moisture content of gunpowder less than 6.0 wt. % is associated with the danger of loading TFP in the polishing drum, and an increase in humidity of more than 10.0 wt. % associated with additional labor to remove moisture.

The introduction of dry graphite is less than 0.1 wt. % leads to an uneven distribution of graphite over the surface of the powder elements, and an increase in dry graphite more than 0.3 wt. % leads to incomplete absorption of graphite.

The decrease in water introduced into the polishing drum, less than 0.2 wt. %, in relation to the powder, does not provide complete wetting of the surface of the powder elements, which affects the distribution of graphite on the surface of the powder elements, and the increase in water is more than 0.3 wt. % associated with additional labor to remove moisture.

Lowering the temperature in the room below 15 ° C worsens the graphitization conditions of the powder, The polishing drum is heated due to the room temperature.

Due to the safety of the process, the relative humidity in the room should be at least 75%.

Graphite SPP lead with a drum rotation frequency of 18-27 rpm for 30-80 minutes. A decrease in the rotational speed of the drum less than 18 rpm is associated with an increase in the duration of the graphitization of the powder, and an increase in the frequency of rotation of the drum more than 27 rpm is associated with additional energy consumption.

A decrease in graphitization time of less than 30 minutes is associated with an uneven distribution of graphite on the surface of the powder elements, and an increase in the time of graphitization of TFPs of more than 80 minutes has no further effect.

Graphite spherical gunpowder is discharged into the hopper (item 4), and then through estrus (5) and the gate (6) into the container.

The technological regimes of graphitization of small batches of TFP worked out by the authors make it possible to obtain uniform coatings of powder elements with graphite.

Technological modes and characteristics of the TFP according to the method developed by the authors within the boundary conditions (examples 1-3) and outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5) are given in the table.

From the data presented in the table it can be seen that, according to the method developed by the authors, graphite SPP within the boundary conditions (examples 1-3) fully satisfies all the requirements for a uniform distribution of graphite over the surface of the powder elements.

Outside the boundary conditions (examples 4, 5), where the graphitization of gunpowder during serial large-scale production of TFPs is carried out during the movement of gunpowder in pneumatic transport and the final graphitization in an aerodynamic flow during drying, it fully meets all the requirements for the distribution of graphite over the surface of powder elements.

Literature

1. Kasatkin A.G. Basic processes and apparatuses of chemical technology. - M .: Chemistry, 1973. - 750 p.

2. The method of graphitization of spherical powder, patent RU 2456257, СВВ 21/00, publ. 07/20/2012

Claims (1)

The method of graphitizing spherical powder, which consists in the fact that spherical non-graphite powder after drying with a moisture content of 6.0-10.0 wt.% In an amount of 80-160 kg, in terms of dry weight, is loaded into a sealed polishing drum, which is a copper a rotating cylinder with a diameter of 1600 mm and a width of 700 mm, copper ribs are strengthened along the forming drum, which provide effective mixing of spherical powder, after loading of the powder, a weighed portion of dry graphite and water is introduced in quantities of 0.1-0.3 wt.% and 0.2- 0.3 wt.%, Respectively, then m at a room temperature of at least 15 ° C and a relative humidity of at least 75%, with a drum rotation frequency of 18-27 rpm, graphitization of spherical powder is carried out for 30-80 minutes, graphite powder is discharged into the hopper, and then through estrus in a container.

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