RU2595174C2 - Anti-filtration geocomposite coating - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: coating contains a polypropylene frame consisting of two layers of nonwoven- and woven geo-textile, between which there is a layer of bentonite clay. For possible laying of geo-composite coating in still water and prevention of premature hydration of bentonite, the coating is placed between two layers of film sheets with a thickness of 0.2 mm each. As a ballast layer, use is made in the coating of fine sand with fractions bigger than or equal to 1.5-2.0 mm and having a depth of 3 mm.

EFFECT: there is ruled out premature hydration of bentonite during laying of coating in water and in case of accidental interaction with water.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and land reclamation construction and can be used for the installation of waterproof screens from geocomposite materials on working irrigation canals and ponds without emptying them.

A known method of creating an impervious screen with a geomembrane of polymeric material (RU 2374386, IPC EV 3/16, publ. 11/27/2009, Bull. No. 33), including the preparation of a soil base, laying on it a waterproof geomembrane, consisting of hermetically connected panels polymer material, the device of compensators for deformations of the geomembrane with the butt connection of the panels in the places of the device of the compensators and the overlapping of the joints from below and above by strips of material different from the material of the geomembrane, Foot Screen layer of soil or other materials.

The disadvantage of this method is the low operational reliability due to erosion and sliding of the protective layer of the impervious screen from soil or other materials, as well as the likelihood of damage to the geomembrane during installation or welding. In addition, when the polymer geomembrane is laid in stagnant water, its ascent and drift will occur.

A known method and device for creating an antifiltration coating of irrigation canals (RU 2408761, IPC EV 3/16, EV 5/02, publ. 10.01.2011, Bull. No. 1), in which a two-layer coating is laid along the perimeter of the channel, in the cavity between the layers of which concrete is pumped through the neck.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is difficult to pump concrete through the necks, and when pumping, the coating itself will slide and shift along the slope. Gaps in the coating, incomplete or uneven filling of the cavity with concrete along the length, and the impossibility of the device of an anti-filtration coating without emptying the irrigation canal are also possible.

There is also known a device for laying flexible protective coatings on the bottom of a reservoir (ed. St. USSR No. 715694, IPC EV 3/16, 02/15/1980), including a frame mounted on a movable support, a drum with a film and a device for attaching the edges of the film to the bottom pond.

The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of fastening the film along its edges and the possibility of damage during further use by the flow of water, waves or floating solid objects due to the lack of a protective coating on top of the film.

Known film screen for laying in the bed of ponds from boats (ed. St. USSR No. 937601, IPC EV 3/12, publ. 06/23/1982, Bull. No. 23), equipped with overlays, and in the film holes are made that are overlapped on top by overlays attached to the strip of film on one side.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is that when the anti-filter screen is installed, the film web will emerge and gusts will form in the film, especially in the presence of a water flow.

A known method of creating an anti-filter screen (RU 2267576, IPC ЕВВ 3/16, published 01.10.2006), which allows you to lay the film (geomembrane) without first draining the existing reservoir.

The disadvantage of this method is:

- the impossibility of carrying out work without ice cover;

- the great complexity of the work in the implementation of this method;

- high economic costs due to the involvement of divers for the device of the anti-filter screen;

- a high probability of mechanical damage to the film (geomembrane) during its installation.

The closest technical solution is geocomposite bentonite mats "Bentomat" of the company "Cetco" (Company LLC "PSM-CETSO Rus" [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://psm-cetco.ru/bentomat), which is a polypropylene frame , consisting of two layers of geotextile (woven and non-woven), between which a layer of bentonite clay is placed.

The disadvantage is that according to the technical recommendations for laying (access mode: http://psm-cetco.ru/bentomat/rekomendatsii-po-ukladke - “special conditions”), this geocomposite material (however, like all bentonite mats) it is forbidden to put in stagnant water, since during the interaction of bentonite with water its hydration immediately occurs, an increase in size. All this does not allow laying bentomats in a pond or irrigation canal without emptying.

The aim of the invention is to develop an anti-filtering geocomposite bentonite coating that allows it to be placed in stagnant water, preventing premature hydration of bentonite and ensuring its basic functions after installation - hydration of bentonite when interacting with water and the formation of this waterproof coating.

The technical result to which the invention is directed is the possibility of creating an impervious geocomposite coating using bentonite on irrigation canals and ponds without stopping and emptying, as well as eliminating premature hydration of bentonite when laying the coating in water and in case of accidental interaction with water (precipitation, etc. .).

The technical result is achieved through the use of a geocomposite coating (consisting of two layers of geotextile and bentonite clay and a ballast layer of sand - to prevent the emergence of bentomats, the fastening of the panel is done by needle-punched method), which is placed between two shoulder panels that are sealed or sealed with waterproof glue around the perimeter of the coating. Due to this, premature hydration of bentonite in the coating is excluded when it is laid in a working irrigation canal (pond). In this case, the antifiltration geocomposite coating is made with slit incisions on one side of the film panels, which, in turn, are sealed with adhesive tapes of water-soluble polymer material (after dissolving the water-permeable polymer adhesive tapes, bentonite is hydrated through leaking water through the slit incisions and formation waterproof screen in general).

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows an impervious geocomposite coating; in FIG. 2 - antifiltration geocomposite coating (top view).

The numbers in the drawing indicate:

1 - reinforcing non-woven geotextile;

2 - woven geotextile;

3 - ballast layer of fine sand;

4 - sa-bentonite;

5 - needle-punched mount;

6 - two layers of film strip;

7 - waterproof glue;

8 - slotted incisions;

9 - adhesive tapes.

The waterproofing geocomposite coating (Fig. 1, 2) consists of a polymer skeleton, which consists of two layers of geotextiles - reinforcing (non-woven) geotextiles 1 (with a surface density greater than or equal to 450 g / m ² ) and upper (woven) geotextiles 2 ( with a surface density greater than or equal to 700 g / m ² ). A reinforcing non-woven geotextile 1 is coated with a ballast layer of fine-grained sand 3 (with fractions greater than or equal to 1.5-2.0 mm), 3 mm thick, and a layer of Ca-bentonite 4 (3 mm thick), while for uniform distribution of bentonite and sand bonding was done by needle-punched method 5. A geocomposite coating (9 mm thick) is placed between two layers of film sheet 6 (0.2 mm thick each), which are sealed or sealed with waterproof glue 7 around the perimeter of the coating over the calculated distances (depending on channel parameters ( water but)).

To prevent premature hydration of bentonite when laying the coating and to form a waterproof screen after laying, the anti-filter geocomposite coating is made with slotted notches 8 on one side of the film panel 6. In this case, the slotted notches 8 are sealed with adhesive tapes 9, which are made of water-soluble polymer material ( water-soluble polymer material is made of polyglycolide yarns and butyl rubber).

The proposed antifiltration geocomposite coating can be placed in stagnant water, including a working irrigation canal (pond) without emptying it. At the same time, the ballast layer of sand prevents the surfacing of the coating, and film panels on both sides prevent premature hydration of bentonite and provide hydration when water enters through slotted cuts by dissolving adhesive tapes in water, thereby forming a waterproof coating as a whole.

The use of an anti-filtration geocomposite coating will allow the use of bentonite and bentonite mats (having the property of regeneration and increased durability) not only on a dry prepared base, but also when laying in still water.

Claims (4)

1. An anti-filtration geocomposite coating, comprising a polypropylene frame, consisting of two layers of non-woven and woven geotextiles, between which a layer of bentonite clay is placed, characterized in that for the possible laying of the geocomposite coating in standing water and to prevent premature hydration of bentonite, the coating is placed between two layers of film cloth 0.2 mm thick each, while fine-grained sand with fractions greater than or equal to 1.5-2.0 mm, 3 mm thick was used as a ballast layer in the coating . 2. The geocomposite coating according to claim 1, characterized in that the film panels are sealed with waterproof adhesive around the perimeter of the coating, through the calculated distances, depending on the parameters of the channel / reservoir, and slotted cuts are made on one side of the film panel. 3. The geocomposite coating according to claim 2, characterized in that the slit cuts are sealed with adhesive tapes, which are made of a water-soluble polymer material. 4. The geocomposite coating according to claim 3, characterized in that the water-soluble polymer material is made of polyglycolide yarns and butyl rubber.

Images