RU2594758C1 - Communication station with adaptive switching of channels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to communication engineering and can be applied to formation of adaptive communication lines. For this purpose, system includes computer, encoding and decoding device, signal receiver for global navigation satellite systems.

EFFECT: technical result consists in improvement of noise-immunity of data exchange communication between stations due to continuous status analysis of all channels allocated for communication and information thereof storage, selection for transmission, reception, analysis, and combined processing of received signals of several frequency channels with maximum signal/noise ratio both in forward direction, and in reverse direction, forming new communication plans, transmitting said information to corresponding subscribers of system , storage thereof until degradation of parameters in at least one of operating radio channels, and transition to new communication plan further.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to communication technology and can be used to build adaptive communication lines.

A known analogue of the proposed system, “Communication device of ground stations” [1], which can be used in the design of a communication network of ground stations with each other with multiple access. It has a serially connected antenna, a transmit-receive combining unit, a receiver and a signal separation unit, as well as a seal unit and a series-connected modulation index adjustment unit and a transmitter, the output of which is connected to the input of a transmit-receive combining unit, and a signal quality determining unit trunks connected between the outputs of the receiver and the inputs of the seal blocks. An averaged quality determination unit, a transmitter power control unit and a private modulation index regulator unit, the outputs of the signal separation unit being connected to the inputs of the private modulation index regulator unit and an averaged quality determination unit, the output of which is connected to other inputs of the regulator unit of private modulation indices power control of the transmitter is connected to the second input of the transmitter, while the outputs of the sealing unit are connected to the third inputs of the unit of regulators modulation indices, the outputs of which are connected to the inputs of the adjustment block of the general modulation index. In this case, the block of regulators of the private modulation indices of modulation indices consists of series-connected comparison blocks and an adjustable amplifier, the input and output of which and the inputs of the comparison block are the inputs and outputs of the block of regulators of private modulation indices.

However, the analogue has the following disadvantages:

- there is no analysis of the state of communication channels in the DKMV range at the current time in the given directions and the corresponding correction of communication plans, so communication will be unstable;

- the construction of the device does not allow the adaptation procedure.

The closest in purpose and most of the essential features is a communication station with adaptive circuit switching [2], which is taken as a prototype. The station contains a frequency duplexer with an antenna, a transmitter, a receiver, channel separation equipment, channel quality meters, an output switch, a service signal generating unit, a compression equipment, a service signal separation unit, a ranking unit, a signal address selection unit, an input switch, a transmitting channel distributor, encoder, priority setting unit, memory unit, decoder, receiving channel distributor. The output switch consists of a set of channel switches in the amount of two pieces. The input switch consists of a set of channel switches also in the amount of two pieces.

At the station, at one of the outputs of the service information distribution unit, signals of the quality of receiving information of the subscriber of the station at the correspondent station are allocated, and signals about the status of each of the two channel switches of the output switch are allocated at the other output of the service information distribution unit. The signals from the output of the service information distribution unit are decoded in a decoder to receive signals for selecting the corresponding channel switch number and its state, i.e. connecting a subscriber with a given number to the desired information channel of the separation equipment, i.e. subscribers of the station will contact subscribers of the correspondent station on a specific channel of the compression and decompression equipment, the number of which is set by the signal of the transmitting distributor (at both stations). Any correspondent station of the two involved in the exchange of data has the same construction.

However, the analogue has the following disadvantages:

- at the initial time, when there is no information about the state of the channels, the system is unstable;

- when interfering with the return communication channel, data transmission in the forward direction stops;

- data transmission is carried out only at one frequency on the forward and reverse communication channels, which reduces the noise immunity of the system when exposed to interference;

- the prototype station operates using radio links with the two named stations only through the onboard repeater;

- communication between several stations is carried out only using a relay, not directly over the air;

- due to the presence on board of only a single-channel DKMV receiver, it is impossible to organize the reception of frequency-separated radio signals, and therefore, to increase the reliability of information transfer;

- the analysis of the state of all channels allocated for communication is not carried out, but only working at the current time.

Thus, the main technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention is directed is to increase the noise immunity of data exchange between communication stations by continuously analyzing the status of all channels allocated for communication and storing information about it, allocation for transmission, reception, analysis, joint processing of received signals of several frequency channels with maximum signal-to-noise ratios both in the forward direction and in the opposite direction, the formation of new communication plans, the transmission of this information ation relevant system users, storing it to the degradation of the parameters of at least one working radio and the transition to a new communication plan in the future.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in a communication station with adaptive switching of channels exchanging data with similar stations in an amount of (n-1), and containing series-connected channel sealing equipment, a transmitter, a frequency duplexer connected to the antenna, a receiver, decompression equipment channels, channel quality meters, serially connected service signal separation unit, ranking unit, signal address selection unit, transmitting channel allocator, encoder and form unit signaling, the output of which is connected to the service input of the sealing equipment, the decryptor and the receiving channel distributor, the priority unit and the memory unit connected in series, the output of which is connected to the second input of the signal address selection unit, the input switch, the information outputs of which are connected to the corresponding the inputs of the channel compaction equipment, and the control input - to the output of the transmitting channel distributor, the output switch, the inputs of which are connected They are connected to the outputs of the channel decompression equipment, and the control input is connected to the output of the receiving channel distributor, the input of the signal separation unit is connected to the corresponding output of the channel separation equipment, and the second output is connected to the decoder input, the outputs of the channel quality meters are connected to the corresponding inputs of the service signal generating unit , introduced (N-1) transmitter, (M-1) receiver, separated by a frequency duplexer, a computer connected by two-way communications with N transmitters, M receivers, N encoded output devices, M decoding devices, the output switch, consisting of a set of channel switches, the inputs of which through M channel decoding devices are connected to the corresponding outputs of the channel decompression equipment, the input switch, consisting of a set of N channel switches, the outputs of which are connected through N channel coding devices to the corresponding inputs of the channel compaction equipment, the signal receiver of global navigation satellite systems, connected to the input of the calculator.

The figure shows a diagram showing a communication station * \ - \ exchanging data with similar stations 1 ₂ -1 _n .

The communication station 1 ₁ comprises a frequency duplexer 2 with an antenna, N transmitters 3, M receivers 4, channel decompression equipment 5, channel quality meters 6, an output switch 7, service signal generation unit 8, channel compression equipment 9, service signal separation unit 10, ranking unit 11, signal address selection unit 12, input switch 13, transmitting channel distributor 14, encoder 15, priority setting unit 16, memory unit 17, decoder 18, receiving channel distributor 19, while the output switch 7 consists of ora M channel switches 20, and the input switch 13 consists of a set of M channel switches 21, a computer 22, channel encoders 23, M channel decoders 24 and a receiver 25 of signals from global navigation satellite systems.

The station operates as follows.

, принимаются антенной в частотном дуплексере 2 и, проходя через соответствующие приемники 4, где усиливаются, преобразуются и демодулируются, аппаратуру 5 разделения каналов, измерители 6 для определения качества приема в каналах, М канальных переключателей 20 выходного коммутатора 7 поступают абонентам. В отсутствие входных радиосигналов приемниками 4 под действием управляющих сигналов вычислителя 22 осуществляется сканирование по всем выделенным для связи частотам с привязкой к единому времени с помощью меток с выхода приемника 25 сигналов глобальных навигационных спутниковых систем, например, ГЛОНАСС, GPS, и запись в память вычислителя 22 данных о каналах, в которых отношение сигнал/шум превышает заданное значение для обеспечения требуемой достоверности. Выходные сигналы о состоянии всех выделенных для связи каналов, в том числе с выходов измерителей 6 и из памяти вычислителя 22, подаются в блок 8 формирования служебного сигнала о показателях качества приема.At station 1 _{1, the} radio signals at the M carrier frequencies of the corresponding station 1 _i , where $$i=\overline{\mathrm{one,}n-\mathrm{one}}$$

are received by the antenna in the frequency duplexer 2 and, passing through the respective receivers 4, where they are amplified, converted and demodulated, channel separation equipment 5, meters 6 for determining the reception quality in the channels, M channel switches 20 of the output switch 7 are received by the subscribers. In the absence of input radio signals, the receivers 4, under the influence of the control signals of the computer 22, scans for all frequencies allocated for communication with reference to a single time using the tags from the output of the receiver 25 signals of global navigation satellite systems, for example, GLONASS, GPS, and writes to the computer 22 data on channels in which the signal-to-noise ratio exceeds a predetermined value to provide the required reliability. The output signals about the status of all channels allocated for communication, including from the outputs of meters 6 and from the memory of calculator 22, are supplied to block 8 for generating a service signal about reception quality indicators.

Signals from subscribers of the station 1 ₁ are fed through N channel switches 21 of the input switch 13 and N encoding devices 23 to the corresponding information inputs of the compression equipment 9 for transmission through N transmitters 3 and a frequency duplexer 2 with an antenna over the air to subscribers of the correspondent station.

The signal for setting the status and number of the channel switch 21, supplied from the transmitting distributor 14, enters through the encoder 15 to the block 8 generating service signals, where it, together with the signals of the meters 6 forms a service signal. This service signal is also transmitted to correspondent station 1 _i sequentially through nodes 9, 3 and 2. Since correspondent station 1 _i works in the same way, it sends a similar service signal through the service channel, which contains information about the quality of reception of signals on it station 1 ₁ , about the signal-to-noise ratio in all channels, about the adoption _of the frequency list recommended by station 1 ₁ for the next communication session or the proposal of a new frequency list and the position of each channel switch 21 of the input switch 13.

Thus, at station 1 _1, at the first output of the service information distribution unit 10, signals of the quality of receiving information of the subscriber of station 1 at the corresponding station 1 _i are allocated, and at the second output of unit 10, signals about the status of each channel switch 20 of the output switch 7. Signals from the second output of block 10 is decoded in the decoder 18, to obtain signals for selecting the channel switch number (for example, 20) and its status, i.e. connecting a subscriber with this number to the output of the corresponding decoding device 24 connected to one of the M information channels of the separation equipment 5, i.e. subscribers of station 1 ₁ will contact subscribers of correspondent station 1 _i through several channels of compression and decompression equipment, the numbers of which are set by the signal of the transmitting distributor 14 (at both stations).

From the first output of block 10, the reception quality signals are supplied to the ranking block 11, which determines the serial numbers of N channels with the best characteristics, providing a given reliability of information transfer. For example, the fifth channel has the best reception quality from all channels, the sixth channel has the best reception quality from all the others, the eighth channel has the best quality from all remaining, etc. The ranked numbers of N channels are fed to the control (first) input of the channel address selection block 12. The subscriber table, drawn up in descending order of importance (priority) of the subscriber, is fed to the second input of block 12 from the block 17 of the priority memory. This table is pre-entered in block 17 of the memory using block 16 to set the priority. Block 12 for the most important subscriber, in the first place, allocates channels, for example, N pieces, with the best characteristics, for the second on the priority list, allocates the following N pieces of channels in agreement with the received subscriber and another time interval, etc. When the highest priority message arrives at the input of the switch 13, it is transmitted immediately after the previous message. The signal for setting the correspondence of the list of ranked channels and the list of priorities from the output of block 12 is sent to a transmitting distributor 14, which sets the address of each channel switch (for example, 21) and determines its state in the input switch 13.

At correspondent station 1 _i , a similar arrangement of subscribers occurs over communication channels and the transfer of subscriber addresses to the station. Thus, if new channels with the best reception quality appear among the communication channels between two stations, then using input blocks 11, 12 and 14, the input switch 13 connects these channels to the subscriber with the highest priority and through the corresponding encoding device 23, nodes 9, 3, 2 transmitted messages in the form of radio signals are emitted to the radio. Using blocks 10, 18 and 19, the output switch 7 connects the corresponding response received signals of the correspondent to the channels of the caller.

Thus, the inclusion in addition to the control device of the communication system of new units with their connections allows to increase the noise immunity of data exchange between communication stations due to:

- continuous analysis of the status of all channels, not only using block 6, but also using N receivers 4, allocated for communication and storage of information about their parameters in the memory of calculator 22, allocation for transmission (in order of decreasing priority) of priority messages, their reception, analysis, joint processing of signals of several (M or N) frequency channels with maximum signal-to-noise ratios both in the forward direction and in the opposite direction, the formation of new communication plans, the transmission of this information to the corresponding subscribers of the system, xp they can be removed from it in the memory of calculator 22 until the parameters of at least one of the working radio channels are degraded and, in agreement with the calling station 1 _1, switches to a new communication plan in the future;

- installation of encoding and decoding devices 23 and 24 in the stations paths, respectively [3, 4];

- choosing the best channels in terms of signal-to-noise ratio and providing them to the most important correspondents, who are the first in the list of priorities, and constantly monitoring the parameters of these channels.

Comparison of the claimed station with other analogues shows that the newly introduced nodes are known to specialists in the field of communication technology, which are shown in the links. The present invention differs significantly from well-known analogues in the field of communication technology, it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, therefore it meets the patentability condition “inventive step”. The introduced nodes: a computer, encoding and decoding devices, a receiver of signals of global navigation satellite systems with their connections characterize the presence of the criterion of "novelty." The inventive system can be implemented in software using existing serial devices used in communications and computer engineering, and is industrially applicable.

Literature

1. USSR copyright certificate No. 801278 - analogue.

2. USSR copyright certificate No. 1614116 - prototype.

3. Keystovich A.V., Komyakov A.V. Radio communication systems and equipment in aviation: textbook. Allowance. - Nizhny Novgorod: NSTU, 2012 .-- 236 p.

4. Kuzmin B.I. Aviation digital telecommunications in the context of the implementation of the ICAO-IATA CNS / ATM Concept in the Russian Federation. - St. Petersburg - N. Novgorod: LLC "Agency" ViT-print ", 2007. S. 195-196.

Claims (1)

A communication station with adaptive switching of channels, exchanging data with similar stations, in the amount of (n-1), and containing channel compression equipment, a transmitter, a frequency duplexer connected to the antenna, a receiver, channel decompression equipment, channel quality meters, connected in series service signal separation unit, ranking unit, signal address selection unit, transmitting channel distributor, encoder and service signal generation unit, the output of which is connected to the service input of the sealing equipment, decryptor and receiving channel distributor connected in series, priority setting unit and memory block connected in series, the output of which is connected to the second input of the signal address selection block, an input switch, the information outputs of which are connected to the corresponding inputs of channel sealing equipment, and the control input - to the output of the transmitting channel distributor, the output switch, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the channels decompression equipment, and the control the input input is to the output of the receiving channel distributor, the input of the service signal separation unit is connected to the corresponding output of the channel separation equipment, and the second output is connected to the decoder input, the outputs of the channel quality meters are connected to the corresponding inputs of the service signal generation unit, characterized in that (N-1) transmitter, (M-1) receiver, separated by a frequency duplexer, a computer connected by two-way communication with N transmitters, M receivers, N encoders, M deco devices, the output switch, consisting of a set of channel switches, the inputs of which through M channel decoding devices are connected to the corresponding outputs of the channel decompression equipment, the input switch, consisting of a set of N channel switches, the outputs of which are connected through N channel coding devices to the corresponding inputs of the compression equipment channels, a signal receiver for global navigation satellite systems, connected to the input of the calculator.

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