RU2582520C1 - Simulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to simulators. Simulator comprises at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connection module, made in form of frame structures of rectangular section and having matched size end of frame, in which along perimeter there are openings for connection to each other, at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connection module, as well as at least one obstacle section and at least one removable cassette with breakable or non-destructible elements to be fitted in intermediate connecting module. Passage section comprises collapsible carcass with two side transverse frames mounted with possibility of connection with end frames, ceiling frame to be connected to upper end and side elements of transverse frames, and solid or mesh flooring made with possibility of connection with lower elements of end and transverse frames. In side transverse frames and ceiling frame there are meshes, while obstacle section is composed of composite structure with two rectangular end frames, matching size with end frames intermediate connecting modules and having along perimeter of connection holes for connection to each other, at least one obstacle section and, at least one intermediate connecting module.

EFFECT: reduced weight and size dimensions of simulator in assembled state to transport and extend its functionality.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to models and simulators and can be used for training, acquisition and consolidation of skills in the preparation of rescuers and firefighters to work in conditions of technological accidents and disasters.

A known simulator [RU 2360293, C1, G09B 9/00, A63J 11/00, 06/27/2009], made in the form of a light and watertight housing, inside of which there is a frame with partitions fixed to its vertical beams, while the partitions are attached with hinges, due to which it is possible to repeatedly change the configuration of the interior of the object, each of the partitions having a latch, and on the upper plane of the body there are inlet and outlet openings.

The disadvantages of this simulator are relatively low safety, since it is not possible to control students and provide operational assistance to the trainee inside the simulator in the event of a dangerous situation.

In addition, the simulator is characterized by relatively large overall dimensions and is not mobile.

ширина верхнего основания опор равна ширине контейнера, а ширина нижнего основания опор равна удвоенной ширине контейнера.The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is a simulator [RU 2230369, C1, G09B 9/00, 06/10/2004] containing six mobile containers made in the form of a frame structure of rectangular cross-section, having connecting holes around the perimeter of the end of the frame and intermediate connecting modules with connecting holes, as well as two pairs of trapezoidal supports, with the first container located horizontally on the surface, the second container located at an angle to the surface on which the simulator is located, and one end face is connected to the first and the other end part is connected to the third container via intermediate connecting modules, the lower edge of the second container resting on one trapezoidal support from the first pair of supports, the third container connected to one end part through the intermediate connecting module to the second container, and the other end part through an intermediate connecting module is connected to one end part of the fourth container, located horizontally on two supports of the trapezoidal frames from the second pair of supports that are connected to the end parts of the container, the fourth container is located at an angle to the surface on which the simulator is located, and connected to the other end part through an intermediate connecting module with one end part of the fifth container, the lower edge of the fourth container rests on another support trapezoidal from the first pair of supports, the fifth and sixth containers are located horizontally on the surface and are connected in series with each other through intermediate connecting modules, with than each support from the first pair is equal in height to twice the product of the container height by the square cosine of half the angle, and the angle at the base is equal to the arctangent of the ratio of the support height to the width of the container, each support from the second pair is equal in height to the product of the container length by the cosine of the angle, and the angle at the base is

the width of the upper base of the supports is equal to the width of the container, and the width of the lower base of the supports is equal to twice the width of the container.

The disadvantage of the closest technical solution is the relatively large overall dimensions, which makes it difficult to transport to the training site, as well as the relatively narrow functionality, due to the lack of tools for training on special obstacles, and tools with destructible elements for special training, which limits the scope of use of the simulator .

The problem that is solved in the invention is to reduce the overall dimensions during transportation and expand the functionality.

The required technical result is to reduce the overall dimensions in the state assembled for transportation and expand the functionality.

The problem is solved, and the required technical result is achieved by the fact that the simulator contains at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connecting module, made in the form of frame structures of rectangular cross section and having matching end frames in size, in which along the perimeter there are connecting holes for interconnecting at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connecting module, according to the invention, at least one obstacle section and at least one removable cartridge with destructible or non-destructible elements, configured to be installed in the intermediate connecting module, wherein the passage section comprises a collapsible frame with two lateral transverse frames mounted with the possibility of connection with end frames, a ceiling frame made with the possibility of attaching to the upper elements of the end and side transverse frames, and a solid or mesh floor made with the possibility of connection lower elements of the end and transverse frames, and in the lateral transverse frames and in the ceiling frame, grids are installed, and the obstacle section is made in the form of a prefabricated structure with two rectangular end frames that are equal in size to the end frames of the intermediate connecting modules and having perimeter connecting holes for interconnecting at least one section of the obstacle and at least one intermediate connecting module.

In addition, the required technical result is achieved by the fact that the simulator is made in the form of a single-tier structure containing three passage sections, from the first to the third, seven intermediate connecting modules, from the first to the seventh, and five obstacle sections, from the first to the fifth, while the first passage section through the first intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it is connected to the first section-obstacle, which through the second intermediate connecting module with the cable installed in it the net with destructible elements is connected to the second section-obstacle, which is connected through the third intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with the destructible elements to the second passage section, which is connected to the third section through the fourth intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with the destructible elements an obstacle that through the fifth intermediate connecting module with the cassette installed in it without destructible elements is connected to the fourth prep section obstacle which through sixth intermediate connector module installed therein a cassette with a breakable element connected to the fifth barrier-section, which through seventh intermediate connector module installed therein a cassette with a breakable element connected to the third passage section.

In addition, the desired technical result is achieved by the fact that the simulator is made in the form of a two-tier structure with middle and first and second side branches and contains seventeen passage sections, the first to seventeenth, two passage sections made with the possibility of inclined installation, from the first to the second, and five sections-obstacles, from first to fifth, while the middle branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with installed cassettes with destructible or non-destructible elements, the first obstacle section, the second obstacle section, the third obstacle section, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth passage sections and the fourth and fifth obstacle sections, the first side branch contains serially mounted and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the first passage section made with the possibility of inclined installation, the sixth, seventh and eighth passage sections, under each of which the ninth, tenth and eleventh passage sections, the right side walls of which are connected to the left side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively, and the second side are connected in series through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes with destructible or non-destructible elements, are installed in series the branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-disruptive sewing elements, the second passage section, made with the possibility of inclined installation, the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth passage sections, under each of which are sequentially connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth passage sections, the right side walls of which are connected to the right side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively.

The drawings show:

in FIG. 1 - general view of the simulator (a private version of a single-tier version);

in FIG. 2 - general view of the simulator (a private version of a two-tier version);

in FIG. 3 - passage section of the simulator;

in FIG. 4 - passage section of the simulator, made with the possibility of inclined installation;

in FIG. 5 - replaceable cassettes of the simulator with destructible elements;

in FIG. 6 - section-obstacle "Fallen plate";

in FIG. 7 - section obstruction "Blockage";

in FIG. 8 - section-obstacle "Plate";

in FIG. 9 - section-obstruction "Collapsing structure".

A particular embodiment of the single-tier embodiment of the simulator shown in FIG. 1, contains three passage sections 1 and five sections-obstacles 2 with intermediate connecting modules placed between them with removable cassettes 3 installed in them (with destructible or non-destructible elements).

In this particular version of the single-tier version of the simulator is made in the form of a single-tier structure containing three passage sections, from the first to the third, seven intermediate connecting modules, from the first to the seventh, and five obstacle sections, from the first to the fifth, and the first passage section through the first the intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it is connected to the first obstacle section, which through the second intermediate connecting module with the cartridge installed in it is destructible connectable elements to the second obstacle section, which is connected through the third intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements to the second passage section, which is connected to the third obstacle section through the fourth intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with the destructible elements installed in it, which through the fifth intermediate connecting module with the cassette installed in it without destructible elements is connected to the fourth obstacle section, which through the sixth intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it, connected to the fifth obstacle section, which through the seventh intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it, connected to the third passage section.

The two-tier simulator (a private version of the two-tier execution) shown in FIG. 2, contains passing sections 1, intermediate connecting modules with removable cassettes 3 installed in them (with destructible or non-destructible elements), as well as specialized obstacle sections “Fallen plate” - 4, “Block” - 5, “Plate” - 6 and “Collapsing structure” - 7, the rise to the second tier and the descent from it is carried out along an inclined passage section 8.

In this case, the two-tier simulator is made in the form of a two-tier structure with middle and first and second side branches and contains seventeen passage sections, from the first to the seventeenth, two passage sections made with the possibility of inclined installation, from the first to the second, and five sections-obstacles, with the first to fifth, while the middle branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the first section ju-obstacle, the second section-obstacle, the third section-obstacle, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth passage sections and the fourth and fifth sections-obstacles, the first side branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the first passage section made with the possibility of inclined installation, the sixth, seventh and eighth passage sections, under each of which are sequentially installed with the ninth, tenth and eleventh passage sections are connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the right side walls of which are connected to the left side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively, and the second side branch contains connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, a second passage section the twelfth, thirteenth, and fourteenth passage sections are made with the possibility of inclined installation, under each of which are successively mounted through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth passage sections, the right side walls of which connected to the right side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively.

As the first, second, third, fourth and fifth obstacle sections, the obstruction section “Blockage”, the obstacle section “Plate”, the obstacle section “Collapsing structure” and the obstacle section “Fallen plate” and the obstacle section “Fallen”, respectively, are used plate".

The passage section 1 (Fig. 3) is made in the form of a collapsible frame 9 with two end frames 10, on the elements 11 of which holes 12 are made, and two lateral transverse frames 13, on the elements 14 of which holes are made with the possibility of connection with the end frames 10, solid or mesh flooring 15, made with the possibility of connection with the lower elements of the end 10 and lateral transverse 13 frames, and a ceiling frame 16 with a mesh made with the possibility of connection with the upper elements of the end 10 and lateral transverse 13 frames, while the transverse sides The frames 13 are equipped with a mesh 17.

To reduce the assembly time of the simulator and the passage section 1, in particular, an inextricable connection of one lateral transverse frame and its corresponding end frame, as well as other lateral transverse and end frames, is used, thereby forming two L-shaped parts of the passage section.

Ceiling frames 16 and transverse side frames 13 are equipped with latches 18.

The passage section of the simulator can be made with the possibility of inclined installation (in the form of an inclined passage section 8 (Fig. 4), having the shape of an inclined parallelepiped, the length of which is more than twice the length of the passage section 1. In the inclined passage section 8, the frame 19 of the inclined passage section is assembled of two L-shaped parts 20, for which an inextricable connection is used, in particular, of one lateral transverse frame and its corresponding end frame, as well as other lateral transverse and end frames, thereby forming two L-shaped parts of the inclined passage section 8.

In the frame 19 of the inclined passage section 8, the flooring 21 of the inclined passage section is embedded, and on the frame 19 of the inclined passage section, interchangeable lateral transverse frames with nets 17 are hung on the latches 18.

Replaceable cartridges 3 (Fig. 5) are made with various destructible elements, for example, with brickwork 22, with reinforcement 23, with logs 24, or a replaceable cartridge 25 without destructible elements is used.

Obstacle sections 2 may have a different design.

The design of one of the obstacle sections is shown in FIG. 6. This “Fallen plate” obstacle section corresponds in length to the passage section 1, is equipped with a rectangular parallelepiped plate 26, the swing axis 27 of the 26 plate in height is near the ceiling frame of the passage section 1. The “Fallen plate” section obstacle section is made in the form two L-shaped frames 28, interconnected with the bottom 29 and the side walls 30. In turn, the frame section of the obstacles “Fallen plate” is two L-shaped frames 31 and the rack 32 with two struts 33.

Another embodiment of the obstruction section is shown in FIG. 6 and can be called the obstruction section "Blockage" (Fig. 7), the length of which corresponds to the length of the passage section 1. The obstruction section "Blockage" is equipped with a load of 34 sections of the obstruction "Blockage", made in the form of a box (parallelepiped of two G -shaped frames) moving along the guides 35.

Another embodiment of the obstruction section is shown in FIG. 6 and may be called an obstacle section “Plate” (Fig. 8). It is equipped with a plate 36 made in the form of a parallelepiped with a vertical axis of rotation 37, coinciding with one of the faces of the parallelepiped.

The obstacle section can also be structurally made in the form of the collapsing structure obstacle section (Fig. 9), which corresponds in length to the passage section 1 and is equipped with the load 38 of the collapsing obstacle section moving vertically in the rails 39. Section - the collapsing structure obstacle is equipped with a safety latch 40.

The load 38 of the obstacle section "Collapsing structure" can also be made in the form of a prefabricated parallelepiped of two L-shaped frames.

The simulator is used as follows.

The simulator is used to train and acquire and consolidate skills in preparing rescuers and firefighters for work in the conditions of industrial accidents and catastrophes in limited confined spaces (tunnels, pipes, collectors, etc.). The dimensions of the passage sections and the obstacle sections and intermediate connecting modules used together with them are determined by this purpose, therefore, the dimensions of their passage sections are 800 × 600 mm and the length is 1300 mm.

The simulator can be used to solve the following tasks:

- adaptation of a person to work in various emergency conditions (emergencies);

- the formation of moving skills in both vertical and horizontal directions and overcoming obstacles;

- training in working with emergency rescue tools, devices and appliances in cramped conditions and in confined spaces;

- the formation of skills in emergency response;

- the formation of interaction skills in group work (simultaneous work of groups of 2 or 3 people);

- the formation of skills in changing conditions (day, night) and adverse climatic conditions (heat, cold, rain, snow).

The dimensions of the simulator are determined by the number of walk-through sections and sections-obstacles, the complexity of the routes - by the number and placement of removable cartridges 3 with destructible elements. Work on the simulator is determined by job descriptions, including safety.

The presence of grids in each passage section and the obstacle section allows the instructor to monitor the student’s actions, to control them and, in case of emergency, to intervene in the student’s actions, as well as to fix the moving loads in the final position using safety clips.

The simulator for the training of rescuers and firefighters involves increasing the complexity of practiced training tasks not only by increasing the number of passing sections and obstacle sections, but also by the variety and level of difficulty of the obstacles to be overcome.

The use of removable cartridges with destructible elements makes it possible to realize a wide variety of situations and stimulate students' engineering inventiveness and desire to improve professional skills.

The simulator can be performed not only in various directions on the surface, but also in height, which allows you to solve such problems for training that it is impossible to solve in well-known simulators.

In the practice of training rescuers and firefighters, to one degree or another, the simulator’s ideology was reproduced in separate form at the training ground of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia in Noginsk, as well as at the Holmatro training ground in Tilburg (Holland) and similar training grounds in Germany , France and the Republic of Belarus (Belaya Vezha).

The removable ceiling and side walls of the sections make it possible to organize side manholes and vertical wells, assemble the labyrinth from a large number of sections and intermediate connecting modules, and mount the simulator for competitions by organizing oncoming movement of teams.

To ensure dimming, the side walls and ceiling of the sections can be closed with opaque materials, and the intermediate connecting modules are made with removable cartridges with opaque inserts.

All obstacle sections are equipped with safety devices and obstacle return devices, for example, winches.

In order to ensure simulator stability and trainee safety, when arranging the simulator in two tiers, interchangeable cassettes without destructible elements are used in the intermediate connecting modules of the simulator.

Thus, thanks to the proposed improvements (the introduction of at least one obstacle section and at least one removable cartridge with destructible or non-destructible elements, made with the possibility of installation in an intermediate connecting module, the passage section contains a collapsible frame with two lateral transverse frames mounted with the possibility of connection with the end frames, a ceiling frame made with the possibility of attaching to the upper elements of the end and side transverse frames , and a continuous or mesh flooring, made with the possibility of connecting with the lower elements of the end and transverse frames, and in the lateral transverse frames and in the ceiling frame, nets are installed, and the obstacle section is made in the form of a prefabricated structure with two rectangular end frames that match the size of the end frames of the intermediate connecting modules and having perimeter connecting holes for connecting at least one section of the obstacle and at least one intermediate connecting Module ceiling elements) achieved the desired technical result consists in the reduction in weight and size dimensions for transporting the assembled state (since all the elements are made collapsible simulator) and increase in functionality (as used interchangeable cassette-section and obstacles).

Claims (3)

1. A simulator comprising at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connecting module, made in the form of frame structures of rectangular cross section and having matching end frames in size, in which connection holes are made around the perimeter for connection to each other at least one passage section and at least one intermediate connecting module, characterized in that at least one obstacle section and at least one removable cartridge with stitched or non-destructible elements, made with the possibility of installation in the intermediate connecting module, while the passage section contains a collapsible frame with two lateral transverse frames mounted with the possibility of connection with end frames, a ceiling frame made with the possibility of attaching to the upper elements of the end and lateral transverse frames, and solid or mesh flooring, made with the possibility of connection with the lower elements of the end and transverse frames, and in the lateral transverse frames and in grids are installed on the push frame, and the obstacle section is made in the form of a prefabricated structure with two rectangular end frames matching the end frames of the intermediate connecting modules and having perimeter connecting holes for connecting at least one obstacle section to each other, and at least one intermediate connector module. 2. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a single-tier structure containing three passage sections, from first to third, seven intermediate connecting modules, from first to seventh, and five sections-obstacles, from first to fifth, with this first passage section through the first intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it is connected to the first obstacle section, which through the second intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it is dined with a second obstacle section, which is connected through a third intermediate connecting module with a cartridge with destructible elements installed in it to the second passage section, which is connected through a fourth intermediate connecting module with a cartridge with destructible elements installed in it, to the third obstacle section, which the fifth intermediate connecting module with the cassette installed in it without destructible elements is connected to the fourth obstacle section, which through the sixth prom the daily connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed therein is connected to the fifth obstacle section, which is connected through the seventh intermediate connecting module with the cartridge with destructible elements installed in it, to the third passage section. 3. The simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made in the form of a two-tier structure with middle and first and second side branches and contains seventeen passage sections, the first to seventeenth, two passage sections made with the possibility of inclined installation, from the first to the second , and five sections-obstacles, from first to fifth, while the middle branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements of the first the first section is an obstacle, the second section is an obstacle, the third section is an obstacle, the first, second, third, fourth and fifth passage sections and the fourth and fifth sections are obstacles, the first side branch contains sequentially installed and connected through intermediate connecting modules with installed in them cassettes with destructible or non-destructible elements, the first passage section made with the possibility of inclined installation, the sixth, seventh and eighth passage sections, under each of which are sequentially set the ninth, tenth and eleventh passage sections are connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the right side walls of which are connected to the left side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively, and the second side branch contains and connected through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes installed in them with destructible or non-destructible elements, the second passage the twentieth section, with the possibility of inclined installation, the twelfth, thirteenth and fourteenth passage sections, under each of which are connected sequentially through intermediate connecting modules with cassettes with destructible or non-destructible elements installed in them, the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth passage sections, right side walls which are connected to the right side walls of the third, fourth and fifth passage sections, respectively.

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