RU2581992C1 - Method for reversal internal combustion engine with starter mechanism and hydraulic actuator system of three-valve gas distributor with charging of accumulator of system with liquid from compensation hydraulic accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reversal of internal combustion engines (ICE). This invention consists in fact that for reversal of ICE control system with closed gas-distributing valve connects starter mechanism shaft with crank shaft and rotates it. With piston ICE in upper dead point at moment when pressure in combustion chamber reaches value sufficient for combustion of fuel is supplied to it and, if necessary, ignites fuel ignition plug. Then starter mechanism shaft is separated from crankshaft and after arrival of piston in lower dead point hydraulic drive system of three-valve gas distributor provides gas exchange in internal combustion engine. Fuel feed system does not depend on mechanical connection to crank and is made, for example, piezoelectric, electric, hydraulic or pneumatic. Accumulator charging is carried out from compensating hydraulic accumulator, and three-valve system comprises inlet, gas distribution and discharge valves.

EFFECT: high efficiency of system operation in reverse.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The closest prototype of the claimed invention is patent 2536651 “Method for reversing an internal combustion engine with a reversible starter and a gas distribution valve and fuel injector drive mechanism with charging its pneumatic accumulator with compressed air”.

Abstract to patent 2536651: "The invention relates to the field of control of an internal combustion engine (ICE). The technical result is to increase the efficiency of control when reversing the internal combustion engine. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the control system connects the shaft of the reversing starter mechanism with the engine crankshaft and rotates it. At the end of the compression stroke, the control system directs air from the pneumatic accumulator to the drive cavity of the plunger of the fuel injector and fuel is injected into the combustion chamber with ignition by its spark plug, after which the system disconnects the reversing starter shaft from the ICE crankshaft. After combustion, the system directs air from the pneumatic accumulator into the piston cavity of the exhaust valve actuator and opens it. "The pneumatic control system for gas distribution and fuel injection allows the internal combustion engine to operate efficiently both in one and in the opposite direction of shaft rotation."

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The reversal of the internal combustion engine (ICE) of the prototype according to patent 2536651 is carried out by a reversing starter and a drive mechanism for a gas distribution valve and fuel injector with charging its pneumatic accumulator with compressed air.

The purpose of the claimed invention is to provide reversal (ICE) with a starter mechanism and a hydraulic drive system of a three-valve valve with charging the system accumulator with liquid from a compensation accumulator.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by a description of the principle of operation of a three-valve gas distributor of an internal combustion engine by a hydraulic drive system with charging the accumulator of the system with liquid from a compensation accumulator.

The system accumulator is charged with liquid as follows (see drawing). When starting the internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine piston 1 compresses air or fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 at the compression stroke, which presses on the left end surface of the piston of the pump drive 3, as a result of which it moves to the right (according to the drawing). Located in the right cavity of the piston of the pump 4, the working fluid (hereinafter - the fluid) through the check valve 5 enters the accumulator of the drive system 6 (hereinafter - the accumulator 6) and charges it. The accumulator 6 is charged at the first start of the internal combustion engine, and further recharging is performed at working cycles. After the fluid pressure in the accumulator 6 reaches a value that ensures the optimal functioning of the three-valve gas distributor as part of the air intake valve or fuel mixture 7 (hereinafter, the intake valve 7), the gas distribution valve of the internal combustion engine 8 (hereinafter, the gas distribution valve 8) and the exhaust exhaust valve 9 (hereinafter, the exhaust valve 9), the fluid from the accumulator 6 through the channel 10 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the stopper 11. As a result, the piston of the stopper 11 moves to the upper position tion and connected thereto stopper 12 enters into the recess 4 of the piston pump, blocks its movement and flow of fluid in the accumulator 6 is stopped.

In the initial position, the intake valve 7 is open, and the gas distribution valve 8 and the exhaust valve 9 are closed. Gas exchange in the internal combustion engine is as follows. To ensure a suction stroke, the control system sets the gas distribution valve 8 in the open position. For this, the control system sets the spool 13 to the position as shown in the figure. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through the channels 10, 14, 15 enters the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, connected by the rod 17 to the gas distribution valve 8, as a result it occupies the lower position - it opens. Air or fuel mixture through the air intake channel or the fuel mixture 18 and the open gas distribution valve 8 enters the combustion chamber of the engine 2. From the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, the spent fluid flows through the channels 19, 20, 21 and through the check valve 22 into the compensation accumulator 23. When the pressure of the liquid in the accumulator 6 is lower than the value that ensures the functioning of the valves of the three-valve valve, the spring of the stopper 24 transfers the piston of the stopper 11 and the stopper 12 to the bottom her position. At one of the subsequent strokes of the intake of air or the fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the engine 2, the spring of the piston of the pump 25 transfers the piston of the drive of the pump 3 and the piston of the pump 4 to the original, left, position for recharging the hydraulic accumulator 6. The fluid from the compensation accumulator 23 is supplied through the non-return valve 26 to the right cavity of the pump piston 4. The pump is ready for the next cycle of recharging the accumulator 6. Upon the arrival of the engine ICE piston 1 to the bottom dead center, the control system moves the spool 13 to the right position. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through the channels 10, 14, 19 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the valve 16 and the valve 8 closes. The spent liquid from the upper cavity of the piston of the valve 16 through the channels 15, 27, 21 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation accumulator 23. The compression cycle begins, and then the expansion cycle of the combustion products. To ensure the exhaust gas exhaust cycle, the control system closes the intake valve 7, opens the gas distribution valve 8 and exhaust valve 9. To close the intake valve 7, the control system puts the spool 28 in the left position. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through channels 10, 29, 30 enters the left cavity of the piston of the inlet valve actuator 31 and moves the inlet valve 7 connected to it by the rod 32 to the right and it closes. The fluid from the right cavity of the piston of the intake valve drive 31 through channels 33, 34, 21 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation accumulator 23. To open the exhaust valve 9, the control system puts the spool 35 in the right position. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through channels 10, 36, 37 enters the right cavity of the piston of the actuator of the exhaust valve 38 and moves the exhaust valve 9 connected to it by the stem 39 to the left and it opens. The spent fluid from the left cavity of the piston of the exhaust valve drive 38 through channels 40, 41, 21 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation accumulator 23. The opening of the gas distribution valve 8 is shown above. As a result, the exhaust combustion products from the combustion chamber of the engine 2 through the exhaust exhaust channel 42 are thrown into the exhaust manifold. The problems of preventing liquid leakage through gaps on the generatrix surfaces of the valve stem 17, the intake valve stem 32, the exhaust valve stem 39 and the piston rod of the pump actuator 43 are solved by bellows 44, 45, 46, 47.

The start of the internal combustion engine for operation in the main mode is carried out by a non-reversible (traditional) starter mechanism, then the starter. To change the rotation of the ICE crankshaft in the opposite direction - reversal - the control system connects the starter shaft to the ICE crankshaft, turns on the starter that rotates the ICE crankshaft, and when the gas distribution valve 8 is closed and the ICE piston 1 is in the vicinity of the top dead center, it supplies fuel to the ICE combustion chamber 2. In this case, a fuel supply system independent of mechanical connection with the ICE crankshaft is used, for example pneumatic, hydraulic, or piezoelectric. The fuel ignites and the combustion products stop the ICE piston 1. The control system disconnects the starter mechanism shaft from the ICE crankshaft. Under the influence of expanding combustion products, the piston of the engine and the crankshaft change the direction of movement in the opposite direction. Further, the pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from the inlet 7, gas distribution 8 and exhaust 9 valve pneumatic accumulator provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method of reversing an internal combustion engine with a starter mechanism and a hydraulic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the hydraulic accumulator of the system with liquid from a compensation hydraulic accumulator, including a control system, a three-valve gas distributor as part of the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve, a starter mechanism independent of mechanical communication with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine fuel supply, spark plug and compensation accumulator a torus, characterized in that the control system with the gas distribution valve of the three-valve gas valve closed and the system accumulator charged with liquid from the compensation hydraulic accumulator, connects the starter mechanism shaft to the internal combustion engine crankshaft, rotates the internal combustion engine shaft, and at the compression stroke when the gas distribution valve is closed, and when the position of the piston of the internal combustion engine in the vicinity of the top dead center at the time when the pressure the air or fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine will reach a value that ensures the combustion of fuel after supplying it, independent of mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, the fuel supply system, delivers fuel to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, if necessary ignites the fuel with a spark plug, simultaneously with ignition of the fuel disconnects the shaft of the starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and after the arrival of the engine piston inside of combustion in the vicinity of the bottom dead center, the hydraulic drive system of the three-valve gas distributor with charging the system accumulator with liquid from the compensation accumulator by the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Materials and technology for the implementation of the claimed invention do not go beyond the scope of modern capabilities. At the current level of development of automatic control systems, the creation of a control system for the claimed invention is quite an ordinary task.

GRAPHIC MATERIAL

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a three-valve gas distributor of an internal combustion engine with a hydraulic valve drive system of a gas distributor with charging the accumulator of the system with liquid from a compensation accumulator.

1 - internal combustion engine piston; 2 - combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; 3 - the piston of the pump drive; 4 - pump piston; 5, 22, 26 - check valve; 6 - accumulator; 7 - inlet valve; 8 - gas distribution valve; 9 - exhaust valve; 10, 14, 15; 19, 20, 21, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41 - channel; 11 - stopper piston; 12 - stopper; 13, 28, 35 - spool; 16 - the piston of the valve timing; 17, 32, 39 - stock; 18 - channel inlet air or fuel mixture; 23 - compensation accumulator; 24 - a spring of a stopper; 25 - spring of the piston of the pump; 31 - the piston of the intake valve actuator; 38 - piston drive exhaust valve; 42 - channel exhaust exhaust products; 43 - the piston rod of the pump drive; 44, 45, 46, 47 - bellows.

Claims (1)

A method of reversing an internal combustion engine with a starter mechanism and a hydraulic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the hydraulic accumulator of the system with liquid from a compensation hydraulic accumulator, including a control system, a three-valve gas distributor as part of the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve, a starter mechanism independent of mechanical communication with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine fuel supply, spark plug and compensation accumulator a torus, characterized in that the control system with the gas distribution valve of the three-valve gas distribution valve closed and the system accumulator charged with liquid from the compensation hydraulic accumulator connects the starter mechanism shaft to the internal combustion engine crankshaft, rotates the internal combustion engine shaft, and at the compression stroke when the gas distribution valve is closed, and when piston of an internal combustion engine in the vicinity of top dead center at a point in time when the pressure of air or fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine will reach a value that ensures the combustion of the fuel after it is supplied, independent of the mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, by the fuel supply system, supplies fuel to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, if necessary ignites the fuel with the spark plug, simultaneously with ignition of the fuel disconnects the shaft of the starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and after the arrival of the engine piston inside rennego combustion in the vicinity of the bottom dead center hydraulic drive system Three valve gas distributor with charging the accumulator fluid system of compensatory accumulator inlet, a gas distribution and the discharge valve provides a gas exchange in the internal combustion engine.

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