RU2528788C1 - Method of ice diverter valve and fuel injector air drive hydraulic accumulator charging with atmospheric air - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: working fluid thrusts against compressor drive piston end face surface at compression stroke. Compressor drive piston starts displacements coupled with compressor piston to displace fluid via check valve into hydraulic accumulator. With compressor piston at suction cycle dead centre when ICE cylinder decreases, piston spring displaces it along with compressor drive piston to initial position of the next charging cycle. Note here that fluid is fed from compensation tank via check valve into compressor piston chamber. Further, charging of pneumatic accumulator can occur at ICE working cycles.

EFFECT: unified ICE drives.

2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The energy of a working fluid — air or fuel mixture — compressed in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as ICE) —at a compression stroke, can be directly used to drive various mechanisms, for example, for a gas distribution mechanism of an engine, patent 2403409, or a fuel injector drive system, patent 2392482 - the closest analogues of the claimed invention.

The principle of operation of the air compressor drive system by the working fluid from the internal combustion engine cylinder is explained on the basis of patent 2403409 “Shut-off valve for the pneumatic drive of the gas distribution mechanism of the internal combustion engine”. It acts as follows.

The piston of the internal combustion engine 1 (Figure 1) during the compression stroke compresses the working fluid - air or fuel mixture - in the combustion chamber 2. At the same time, part of the working fluid from the combustion chamber 2 through the pipe 3 through the shutoff valve 4 and the check valve 5 enters the pneumatic accumulator 6 and charges it. The control system of the internal combustion engine (not shown in the figure) monitors the current position of the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 and, at the time when it is necessary to open the gas control valve 7, sets the slide valve for controlling the fluid flow 8 to the position as shown in the figure. The working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 9 and 10 enters the upper piston cavity of the valve actuator 11, as a result of which the gas distribution valve 7, if it is inlet, allows air from the atmosphere to enter combustion chamber 2 through the channel 12 or, if it is exhaust, of combustion from the combustion chamber 2. To close the gas distribution valve 7, the control system sets the control valve of the fluid flow 8 to the lower position, and the working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 9 and 13 enters the lower cavity through shnya actuator 11 timing valve 7, and is locked. In both cases, the spent working fluid is discharged through the channels 10, 13, 14, 15 into the atmosphere, and in a gasoline engine, where the working fluid is a fuel mixture, for reasons of fuel economy it is fed into the air intake of the engine. With a working cycle (combustion and expansion of the combustion products), the pressure in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 can reach tens of atmospheres, and the temperature can reach hundreds or more degrees. But to ensure the operability of the pneumatic drive, the pressure of the working fluid is enough less. Limiting the pressure of the working fluid in the pneumatic accumulator 6 to the optimum value is ensured by the shut-off valve 4. If the pressure of the working fluid coming from the combustion chamber 2 is less than the optimum, it freely passes through the shut-off valve 4 into the pneumatic accumulator 6. When the pressure of the working fluid is above the optimum, the working fluid from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channel 16 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the shutoff valve 17. Under its influence, the piston of the shutoff valve 17 and the shut-off valve 18 connected to it move up and the channel 19 is blocked, charging of the pneumatic accumulator 6 is stopped. The charge level of the pneumatic accumulator 6 by the working fluid is determined by the stiffness of the spring 20. The greater the stiffness of the spring, the higher the charge of the pneumatic accumulator 6.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

From the description of the principle of operation of the analogue, patent 2403409, it can be seen that for a gasoline internal combustion engine there is a chance that the fuel mixture gets into the pneumatic accumulator and the gas lines of the drive with its subsequent ignition with all the consequences arising from this fact. The purpose of the invention is to unify the pneumatic drive system so that it is suitable for all types of internal combustion engines.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The figure 2 presents a diagram of a hydraulic drive system for a gas distribution valve and a fuel nozzle of an internal combustion engine by a working fluid from a cylinder of an internal combustion engine. (figure 1 - prototype; figure 2 - the invention; positions do not match).

When starting an internal combustion engine, the internal combustion engine piston 1 compresses the working fluid — air or fuel mixture — in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 and compresses the working fluid against the left surface of the compressor drive piston 3 (hereinafter, the compressor drive piston), as a result of which it moves to the right ( according to the picture). The working fluid located in the right cavity of the compressor 4 piston through the check valve 5 enters the hydraulic accumulator 6. The hydraulic accumulator 6 is charged during the first start of the internal combustion engine during one compression cycle of the working fluid in the internal combustion engine combustion chamber 2. Further hydraulic accumulator 6 can be recharged at the internal combustion engine cycle. When the pressure of the working fluid in the accumulator 6 reaches a value that ensures the optimal functioning of the gas distribution valve actuator 7, the working fluid from the accumulator 6 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the stopper 8 through the pipe 9. The piston of the stopper 8 and the stopper 10 connected to it occupy the upper position. The stopper 10 enters the groove of the piston of the compressor 4, blocks the movement of the piston of the compressor 4, and the flow of the working fluid into the pneumatic accumulator 6 stops. To open the gas control valve 7, the control system monitors the current position of the engine piston 1 and, at the time when it is necessary to open the gas control valve 7, sets the fluid flow control valve 11 to the position as shown in the figure. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through the channels 12 and 13 enters the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 14, connected by the rod 15 to the gas distribution valve 7. Under the action of the liquid, the gas distribution valve 7, if it is inlet, allows air from the atmosphere to enter combustion chamber 2 through the channel 16 or, if it is exhaust, to flow the combustion products from the combustion chamber 2 into the atmosphere. The spent working fluid from the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 14 through channels 17 and 18 enters the compensation tank 19.

To close the gas control valve 7, the control system at the time when it is necessary to close the gas control valve 7, sets the spool control fluid flow 11 in the upper position, as shown in the figure. The fluid from the accumulator 6 through the channels 12 and 17 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 14 and the gas distribution valve 7 closes. Spent working fluid from the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 14 through channels 13 and 21 enters the compensation tank 19.

Compensation tank 19 in addition to fluid intake when actuating the gas distribution valve 7 performs the function of a temperature damper. As soon as the temperature of the liquid in the accumulator 6 exceeds the optimum pressure as a result of heating, the safety valve 20 opens and the liquid from the accumulator 6 is discharged into the compensation tank 19. When the pressure of the working fluid in the accumulator 6 is lower than the value that ensures the optimal functioning of the valve 7, the stop spring 21 moves the piston of the stopper 8 and stopper 10 to the lower position. At one of the subsequent strokes of the intake of air into the combustion chamber 2, the spring 22 transfers the piston of the compressor drive 3 and the piston of the compressor 4 to the original, left, position for recharging the pneumatic accumulator 6. In this case, the liquid from the compensation tank 19 through the check valve 23 is supplied to the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 4. The compressor is ready for the next cycle of recharging the accumulator 6. The recharging cycle of the accumulator 6 can occur both during the compression cycle of air in the combustion chamber of the engine 2 and during the operating cycle ICE - combustion and expansion of combustion products in the engine cylinder.

The problems of preventing the removal of fluid by the rod 15, the piston of the compressor drive 3, the piston of the compressor 4 can be solved in various ways. The diagram shows the bellows 24 and 25, eliminating the leakage of fluid from the hydraulic drive system.

Thus, the claimed method of charging a hydraulic accumulator with liquid ensures the operability of the hydraulic drive system of the gas distribution valve and the fuel injector of all types of internal combustion engines.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Method of charging a hydraulic accumulator of a hydraulic drive system of a gas distribution valve and a fuel nozzle of an internal combustion engine, which includes a cylinder and a piston of an internal combustion engine, a gas distribution valve of an internal combustion engine and / or a fuel nozzle, a pneumatic accumulator, a spool for distributing a fluid flow, a compressor drive piston connected to the compressor piston, compressor piston spring, non-return valves and expansion tank, cast In that when starting the internal combustion engine at the compression stroke of air or fuel mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, air or fuel mixture presses on the end surface of the compressor drive piston, the compressor drive piston starts moving and the compressor piston connected to the compressor drive piston through the exhaust check valve displaces the working fluid in the hydraulic accumulator, then after the compressor piston arrives at the extreme point of movement and after the working cycle and cycle flue gas from the cylinder of the internal combustion engine at the intake stroke of the air or fuel mixture of the internal combustion engine, when the pressure of the air or fuel mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine decreases so that the spring force of the compressor piston is sufficient to move the compressor piston to its original position, spring the compressor piston moves the compressor piston with the compressor drive piston to the initial position for the next cycle of recharging the pneumatic accumulator set, wherein the working fluid from the expansion tank through the inlet check valve enters the cavity of the compressor piston, subsequently charging the accumulator can take place in the working cycles of the internal combustion engine.

TECHNICAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION

Materials and technology for the implementation of the claimed invention do not go beyond the scope of modern capabilities. At the current level of development of electronics, the creation of an engine control system is no more than a routine task, which is a separate task in the design of ICEs.

GRAPHIC MATERIAL

Figure 1. Scheme of the pneumatic drive of the gas distribution mechanism and the fuel nozzle of the internal combustion engine with a shut-off valve.

1 - piston of an internal combustion engine; 2 - a combustion chamber; 3, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 19 - pipelines and channels; 4 - shutoff valve; 5-way valve; 6 - pneumatic accumulator; 7 - gas distribution valve; 8 - spool control fluid flow; 11 - the piston of the valve timing; 17 - the piston of the valve-shutoff actuator; 18 - shutoff valve; 20 - spring.

Figure 2. The drive circuit of the compressor charging the accumulator of the pneumatic drive system of the gas distribution valve and the fuel nozzle of the internal combustion engine by the working fluid from the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.

1 - internal combustion engine piston; 2 - a combustion chamber; 3 - the piston of the compressor drive; 4, - compressor piston; 5, 23 - check valve; 6 - accumulator; 7 - gas distribution valve; 8 - stopper piston; 9, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18 - pipelines and channels; 10 - stopper; 11 - spool control fluid flow; 14 - the piston of the valve timing; 15 - stock; 19 - compensation tank; 20 - safety valve; 21 - a spring of a stopper; 22 - compressor piston spring; 24, 25 - bellows.

Claims (1)

Method of charging a hydraulic accumulator of a hydraulic drive system of a gas distribution valve and a fuel nozzle of an internal combustion engine, which includes a cylinder and a piston of an internal combustion engine, a gas distribution valve of an internal combustion engine and / or a fuel nozzle, a pneumatic accumulator, a spool for distributing a fluid flow, a compressor drive piston connected to the compressor piston, compressor piston spring, non-return valves and expansion tank, cast In that when starting the internal combustion engine at the compression stroke of air or fuel mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, air or fuel mixture presses on the end surface of the compressor drive piston, the compressor drive piston starts moving and the compressor piston connected to the compressor drive piston through the exhaust check valve displaces the working fluid in the hydraulic accumulator, then after the compressor piston arrives at the extreme point of movement and after the working cycle and cycle flue gas from the cylinder of the internal combustion engine at the intake stroke of the air or fuel mixture of the internal combustion engine, when the pressure of the air or fuel mixture in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine decreases so that the spring force of the compressor piston is sufficient to move the compressor piston to its original position, spring the compressor piston moves the compressor piston with the compressor drive piston to the initial position for the next cycle of recharging the pneumatic accumulator set, wherein the working fluid from the expansion tank through the inlet check valve enters the cavity of the compressor piston, subsequently charging the accumulator can take place in the working cycles of the internal combustion engine.

Images