RU2576700C1 - Method for reversal internal combustion engine with reverse starter mechanism and pneumatic actuator system of three-valve gas distributor with charging of accumulator of system from compensation pneumatic accumulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to reversal of internal combustion engines (ICE). This invention consists in following: ICE start control system, with closed gas-distributing valve of three-valve gas distributor, connects shaft of reversing starter mechanism to ICE crankshaft and rotates crankshaft in preset direction of rotation. When ICE piston is near top dead center position, fuel feed system, which uses independent of mechanical connection with ICE crankshaft, either piezoelectric, or electric, or hydraulic, or pneumatic drive, supplies fuel to combustion chamber and ignites it with spark-plug. Then shaft of reversing starter mechanism is disconnected from crankshaft. ICE explosion stroke starts. Further, control system at preset direction of crankshaft rotation provides gas exchange in ICE via inlet valve, gas-distributing valve, and inlet valve of three-valve gas distributor system with charging its pneumatic accumulator with gas from compensating pneumatic accumulator.

EFFECT: technical result is higher efficiency of reverse system operation.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

BACKGROUND

The closest prototype of the claimed invention is patent application 2013155774, “Method for reversing an internal combustion engine with a non-reversible starter and hydraulic drive mechanism for a gas distribution valve and a fuel injector with charging its hydraulic accumulator with a working fluid”, in relation to which a decision was made to grant a patent for the invention.

Summary: “The invention relates to the field of engine building, and in particular to methods of reversing the shafts of internal combustion engines (ICE). The technical result is to increase the efficiency of engine management. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the control system connects the shaft of the reverse starter with the ICE crankshaft and rotates it in the set direction of rotation of the ICE crankshaft. On the compression stroke with the gas distribution valves closed, at the time when the pressure of the compressed air or fuel mixture above the piston increases to a value that ensures the conditions of fuel combustion, the system disconnects the reversing starter shaft from the ICE crankshaft. Then the nozzle injects fuel into the combustion chamber and ignites the fuel with a spark plug. At the same time, the system sets the sequence for opening and closing the gas distribution valves and the operation of the fuel injector in accordance with the specified direction of rotation of the crankshaft. "

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the claimed invention is to provide reversal of the internal combustion engine (ICE) by a pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator. In accordance with clause 2 of Article 1350 of the Code and clause 24.5.3. (4) of the Regulation, the quotation: “The conditions of an inventive step correspond, in particular: inventions based on the addition of a known means by any known part, upon reaching an unexpected for such addition technical result due to the relationship of the supplemented part and the known means. " In this case, the claimed unknown agent is supplemented by a known part.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by the description of the principle of operation of the pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator.

Charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas is as follows (see drawing). When starting the internal combustion engine, the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 compresses air or fuel mixture in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine 2 at the compression stroke, which presses on the left end surface of the piston of the compressor drive 3, as a result of which it moves to the right (according to the drawing). The working gas (hereinafter, the gas) located in the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 4 (through the check valve 5) enters the pneumatic accumulator of the drive system 6 (hereinafter - the pneumatic accumulator 6) and charges it. Charging the pneumatic accumulator 6 occurs at the first start of the internal combustion engine, and further recharging at working cycles. After the gas pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 6 reaches a value that ensures the optimal functioning of the three-valve gas distributor as part of the air intake valve or fuel mixture 7 (hereinafter the intake valve 7), the gas distribution valve ICE 8 (hereinafter the gas distribution valve 8) and the exhaust valve 9 (hereinafter, the exhaust valve 9), gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channel 10 enters the lower cavity of the stopper piston 11. As a result, the stopper piston 11 moves to the upper position and with unity with it the stopper 12 enters into the recess 4 of the piston compressor, blocking its movement and flow of gas in accumulator 6 is stopped.

In the initial position, the intake valve 7 is open, and the gas distribution valve 8 and the exhaust valve 9 are closed. Gas exchange in the internal combustion engine is as follows. To ensure a suction stroke, the control system sets the gas distribution valve 8 in the open position. For this, the control system sets the spool 13 to the position as shown in the drawing. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 10, 14, 15 enters the upper cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, which is connected by the rod 17 to the gas distribution valve 8, as a result it occupies the lower position - it opens. Air or fuel mixture through the air intake channel or the fuel mixture 18 and the open gas distribution valve 8 enters the combustion chamber of the engine 2. From the lower cavity of the piston of the gas distribution valve 16, the exhaust gas flows through the channels 19, 20, 21 and the check valve 22 enters the compensation accumulator 23 . When lowering the gas pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 6 below a value that ensures the functioning of the valves of the three-valve gas distributor, the spring of the stopper 24 puts the piston of the stopper 11 and stopper 12 to the lower position . At one of the subsequent strokes of the intake of air or fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the engine 2, the spring of the compressor piston 25 translates the compressor drive piston 3 and the compressor piston 4 to the original, left, position for charging the pneumatic accumulator 6. Gas from the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23 is supplied through the non-return valve 26 to the right cavity of the piston of the compressor 4. The compressor is ready for the next cycle of recharging the pneumatic accumulator 6. Upon the arrival of the ICE piston 1 to the bottom dead center, the control system puts the spool 13 into the right position. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through the channels 10, 14, 19 enters the lower cavity of the piston of the drive of the gas distribution valve 16, and the gas distribution valve 8 closes. The exhaust gas from the upper piston drive of the gas distribution valve 16 through the channels 15, 27, 21 and the check valve 22 enters the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23. The compression cycle begins, and then the expansion cycle of the combustion products begins. To ensure the exhaust gas exhaust cycle, the control system closes the intake valve 7, opens the gas distribution valve 8 and exhaust valve 9. To close the intake valve 7, the control system puts the spool 28 in the left position. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 10, 29, 30 enters the left cavity of the piston of the inlet valve actuator 31 and moves the inlet valve 7 connected to it by the rod 32 to the right, and it closes. Gas from the right cavity of the piston of the intake valve drive 31 through the channels 33, 34, 21 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation air accumulator 23. To open the exhaust valve 9, the control system puts the spool 35 in the right position. Gas from the pneumatic accumulator 6 through channels 10, 36, 37 enters the right cavity of the piston of the exhaust valve drive 38 and moves the exhaust valve 9 connected to it by the stem 39 to the left, and it opens. The exhaust gas from the left cavity of the piston of the exhaust valve drive 38 through the channels 40, 41, 21 and through the check valve 22 enters the compensation pneumatic accumulator 23. The opening of the gas distribution valve 8 is shown above. As a result, the exhaust combustion products from the combustion chamber of the engine 2 through the exhaust exhaust channel 42 are thrown into the exhaust manifold. The problems of preventing gas leakage through the gaps on the generatrix surfaces of the valve stem 17, the intake valve stem 32, the exhaust valve stem 39 and the piston rod of the compressor drive 43 are solved by bellows 44, 45, 46, 47.

To start the ICE in the set direction of rotation of the crankshaft, the control system with the gas valve 8 closed connects the shaft of the reversing starter mechanism to the crankshaft of the ICE and rotates its crankshaft in the set direction of rotation. With the piston of the internal combustion engine 1 in the vicinity of the top dead center, the fuel supply system, which uses a piezoelectric, either electric, hydraulic, or pneumatic drive independent of the mechanical connection with the ICE crankshaft, delivers fuel to the combustion chamber 2, if necessary, ignites it with a spark plug and disconnects the shaft of the reversing starter mechanism with the engine crankshaft. The working cycle of the internal combustion engine begins. Subsequently, the control system for a given direction of rotation of the crankshaft provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine with an intake valve 7, a gas distribution valve 8 and an intake valve 9 of a three-valve gas distribution system with charging of the pneumatic accumulator of system 6 with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator 23.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A method for reversing an internal combustion engine with a reversing starter mechanism and a pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the system pneumatic accumulator with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator, including a control system, a three-valve gas distributor as part of the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve, the reversible starter mechanism, which uses an independent fuel supply system, in which the fuel supply system from mechanical connection with the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine about a dyne from a piezoelectric, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic drive, and a spark plug, characterized in that the internal combustion engine is reversed in the set direction of crankshaft rotation when starting, for which the control system, when the gas distribution valve of the three-valve valve is closed, charges the pneumatic accumulator of the system, connects the reversing shaft starter mechanism with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, rotates its crankshaft in a given direction rotation and when the piston of the internal combustion engine is in the vicinity of the top dead center, the fuel supply system, which uses one of the piezoelectric, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic drive independent of mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, delivers fuel to the combustion chamber, and if necessary ignites it with a spark plug, then disconnects the shaft of the reversing starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and after completion of work of which the tact of the pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from the compensation pneumatic accumulator by the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Materials and technology for the implementation of the claimed invention do not go beyond the scope of modern capabilities. At the current level of development of automatic control systems, the creation of a control system for the claimed invention is quite an ordinary task.

The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a three-valve gas distributor of an internal combustion engine with a pneumatic valve drive system of a gas distributor with charging the pneumatic accumulator of the system with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator.

1 - internal combustion engine piston; 2 - combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine; 3 - the piston of the compressor drive; 4 - compressor piston; 5, 22, 26 - check valve; 6 - pneumatic accumulator; 7 - inlet valve; 8 - gas distribution valve; 9 - exhaust valve; 10, 14, 15; 19, 20, 21, 27, 29, 30, 33, 34, 36, 37, 40, 41 - channel; 11 - stopper piston; 12 - stopper; 13, 28, 35 - spool; 16 - the piston of the valve timing; 17, 32, 39 - stock; 18 - channel inlet air or fuel mixture; 23 - compensation pneumatic accumulator; 24 - a spring of a stopper; 25 - compressor piston spring; 31 - the piston of the intake valve actuator; 38 - piston drive exhaust valve; 42 - channel exhaust exhaust products; 43 - the piston rod of the compressor drive; 44, 45, 46, 47 - bellows.

Claims (1)

A method for reversing an internal combustion engine with a reversing starter mechanism and a pneumatic drive system of a three-valve gas distributor with charging the system pneumatic accumulator with gas from a compensating pneumatic accumulator, including a control system, a three-valve gas distributor as part of the inlet, gas distribution and exhaust valve, the reversible starter mechanism, which uses an independent fuel supply system, in which the fuel supply system from mechanical connection with the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine about a dyne from a piezoelectric, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic drive, and a spark plug, characterized in that the internal combustion engine is reversed in the set direction of crankshaft rotation when starting, for which the control system, when the gas distribution valve of the three-valve valve is closed, charges the pneumatic accumulator of the system, connects the reversing shaft starter mechanism with a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine, rotates its crankshaft in a given direction rotation and when the piston of the internal combustion engine is in the vicinity of the top dead center, the fuel supply system, which uses one of the piezoelectric, electric, hydraulic, pneumatic drive independent of mechanical connection with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, delivers fuel to the combustion chamber and, if necessary, ignites with its spark plug, then disconnects the shaft of the reversing starter mechanism with the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, and after completion of work its stroke pneumatic actuator Three valve system of a gas distributor with a gas pressure reservoir charging system from the compensation pressure reservoir inlet, and the exhaust gas distributing valve provides gas exchange in the internal combustion engine.

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