RU2581810C1 - Press for production of tobacco bundles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textile industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to press, which comprises press-chamber with movable bottom, mechanism of pressing and extrusion of finished bundle, wherein the extrusion chamber is divided by a movable gate into two chambers, upper chamber is designed for bundle forming and the lower chamber is designed for final pressing, the front and side walls forming chamber are suspended at the top on horizontal axes and contact with stops of lever-cam mechanism, kinematically connected with screw drive mechanism of the gate which represents simultaneously a bottom of forming chamber and top plate of final pressing chamber with movable bottom, which is suspended on both sides by nuts of two vertical running screws coupled with motor chain transmission.

EFFECT: technical result consists in providing the possibility of simultaneous supply of bundle and its final pressing, which increases efficiency of pressing process.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the tobacco industry and is intended for pressing sheet tobacco in the manufacture of bales.

Mechanical tobacco presses are known: a device for pressing tobacco into bales (PTM press, autoswitch on the image No. 213653, bull. No. 10 of 03/12/1968) and tobacco presses making bales in automatic mode: a pressing device sheet tobacco into bales (3PT press, autosw. on image No. 237043, bulletin No. 7 of 11/3/1969), a device for pressing tobacco into multilayer bales (PTA press, autosw. on the image No. 352645, bull. No. 29 dated 09/29/1972).

The closest analogue is a device for pressing sheet tobacco into bales (3PT serial press according to autoswitch on the image No. 237043, bull. No. 7 of 11/03/1969), containing a press chamber, a lifting and lowering bottom, oscillating press -plates with arched shields and an ejector of a pressed bale.

The design drawback of this press is the lack of exposure of the bale under pressure in the press chamber at the end of its pressing, which does not significantly reduce stress in the tobacco mass after its deformation. This leads to a significant increase in the height of the bale and the loss of the rectangularity of its shape, i.e. the quality of the finished bale is reduced. For the same reasons, it is necessary to achieve a high final density of tobacco in the press chamber in order to compensate for the density loss in the finished bale with an increase in its height. This reduces the efficiency of the bale pressing process and requires the use of drive structural elements and working bodies designed for increased loads.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the pressing process and simplify the design of the press.

The technical result is achieved in that in a press for the manufacture of tobacco bales containing a press chamber with a movable bottom, a pressing mechanism and a mechanism for pushing out the finished bale, the press chamber is divided by a movable gate into two chambers, the upper one is a bale forming chamber and the lower one is a final pressing chamber while the front and side walls of the bale forming chamber are suspended at the top on the horizontal axes, and at the bottom they are in contact with the stops of the lever-cam mechanism kinematically connected with the screw drive mechanism w Bera, which is simultaneously the bottom bale forming chamber and the upper plate of the final compression chamber having a movable bottom which is suspended on both sides on the nuts two vertical spindles connected to the motor transmission chain.

The separation of the press chamber in height into two chambers allows you to simultaneously conduct the process of forming a bale of a given mass in the upper chamber, and in the lower chamber to carry out the process of final pressing of the previously formed bale received in the lower chamber from the upper. This provides a significant increase in the exposure time of compressed tobacco under pressure in the press chamber without reducing the productivity of the press.

Suspended front and side walls of the forming chamber provide an increase in the cross-sectional area of the press chamber after opening the gate for free movement of the formed bale down into the final pressing chamber.

In this case, the bale formation can be completed at a relatively low density of the tobacco mass, which reduces the pressure on the press plates, and the final pressing of the bale is carried out by the moving bottom of the lower chamber and kept under pressure for a relatively long time for a more complete transition of elastic deformations into plastic ones (stress relaxation ) As a result, the specific work of the seal is reduced, that is, the pressing efficiency is increased and the power consumption of the drive is reduced.

The dimensions of the press are reduced, and its design is simplified by placing two chambers in height in one press chamber: the forming chamber and the final pressing chamber.

In FIG. 1 is a general view of the press; FIG. 2 is a kinematic diagram of a formation chamber, FIG. 3 is a diagram of a final pressing chamber.

The press contains, FIG. 1, a press chamber 1 with a movable bottom 2, a pressing mechanism 3, a pusher of the finished bale 4 and a bale collector 5.

The pressing mechanism consists of two swinging press plates 6, 7 with arched guards 8, 9 and a lever mechanism 10 driven by an electric motor 11.

The press chamber 1 is divided in height by the gate 12 to the forming chamber 13 and the final pressing chamber 14 of the bale 15.

The movable front wall 16 and the side wall 17 of the forming chamber 13 are suspended on the horizontal axes 18, 19. The lower part of the movable walls 16, 17, FIG. 2, is in contact with the cams 20, 21, 22 of the lever-cam mechanism having a drive, FIG. 1, 2, from the lead nut 23 of the screw 24, connected by a belt drive with an electric motor 25.

Gate 12, FIG. 1, 2, is placed in horizontal guides 26 and connected to a running nut 23 having a stop 27 with an opening for the passage of the rod 28 pivotally connected to the lever 29 of the shaft 30 of the cams 20, 21. A washer-stop 31 is fixed at the end of the rod 28.

Cam 22, FIG. 2, restricting the movement of the front wall 16, is mounted on a vertical axis and is connected by a rod 32 with a lever 33 of the shaft 30 and a spring 34.

The slider 12 serves as the bottom of the forming chamber 13, at the same time serving as the upper plate of the final pressing chamber 14, in which, FIG. 1, 3, the movable bottom 2 is suspended on two running nuts 35, 36 of vertical screws 37, 38 with sprockets 39, 40 by a chain drive from the electric motor 41. The plate 42 of the pusher 4 is attached to the driving nut 43 of the screw 44 driven by the electric motor 45 through a belt drive . The bale receptacle 5, made in the form of two horizontal plates, is attached to the frame of the press 48.

The loading funnel 46 is formed by arched guards 8, 9 of the swinging press plates 6, 7 and two walls 47.

Press works as follows. In the initial position, the gate 12 is closed (the chamber cross section is closed), and the press chamber 1 is divided into a forming chamber 13 and a final pressing chamber 14. The movable bottom 2 is in its highest position. The press plates 6, 7 are included in the operation, and then tobacco is fed into the hopper 46 in a continuous stream. Leaves of tobacco slide along the arcuate shields 8, 9 of the press plates 6, 7, are distributed over the cross section of the chamber of the former 13 and the press plates are packed in layers in the chamber until a bale of a given mass is formed. Then the tobacco supply is stopped, the electric motor 25 of the gate valve 12 is turned on, which opens the cross-section of the chamber 1. At the same time, the running nut 23 with its stop 27 acts on the washer-stop 31 of the rod 28 and rotates the shaft 30 of the cams 20, 21 and the cam 22 through the lever 33, the rod 32 stretching the spring 34. Cams 20, 21, 22 release the movable walls 16, 17 from the lateral pressure of the compacted mass of tobacco, and the formed bale 15 is lowered by its own weight through the cross-section opened by the gate 12 to the movable bottom 2, which starts to move down to the extreme of the bottom position through the inclusion of the electric motor 41 drives spindle nut 35, 36.

Then, the gate 12 closes when the electric motor 25 is turned on. In this case, the nut 23 releases the stop washer 31 of the rod 28 and the spring 34, acting on the rod 32 and the shaft 30, returns the cams 20, 21, 22 to its original position and closes the suspended walls 16, 17 of the chamber Formations 13 Bales 15.

At the same time, the loading of the formation chamber 73 by tobacco begins and during the movement of the moving bottom 2 upwards, the bale 15 is finally pressed. After stopping the mobile bottom 2, the bale 15 is held under pressure until the bale is formed in the formation chamber 13. After holding the bale under pressure Bale 15 is pushed out of the press chamber 1 by the plate 42 of the pusher 4 onto the bale receiver 5. Then the movable bottom 2 occupies the upper initial position for receiving the next bale, waiting for the end of its formation. Next, the bale making cycle is repeated.

Claims (1)

A press comprising a press chamber with a movable bottom, a pressing mechanism and an ejection mechanism of the finished bale, characterized in that the press chamber is divided by a movable gate into two chambers, the upper one is a bale forming chamber and the lower one is a final pressing chamber, with the front and side walls bale-forming chambers are suspended above on the horizontal axes, and below they are in contact with the stops of the lever-cam mechanism, kinematically connected with the screw drive mechanism of the gate valve, which is simultaneously the bottom of the chamber bales and the upper plate of the final pressing chamber having a movable bottom, which is suspended from both sides on the nuts of two vertical spindles connected to the electric motor by a chain drive.

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