RU2580282C1 - Agent for preventing and treating urolithiasis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: agent for preventing and treating urolithiasis, consisting of two herbal teas and herbal raw material that are applied by two successive steps: the first step involves using the first herbal tea containing St. John's wort herb, birch buds, helichrysum blossom clusters, camomile blossom, holy thistle seeds, pimpinella roots, knot grass herb, tormentil roots, in the form of an extract, 1 table spoon twice a day before meals for 7-12 days with boiling water used as an extracting agent; the second step involves using the second herbal tea containing tormentil roots, pimpinella roots, lovage roots, field horsetail herb, common madder roots, nettle leaves, in the form of an extract, in a dose of 1 table spoon 3 times a day before meals for 10-15 days with boiling water used as an extracting agent.

EFFECT: enhancing the clinical action of the medicinal herbal tea and providing a therapeutic effect manifested by dissolving and removing calculi from kidneys with no side reactions and toxic effect.

1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to pharmaceuticals, in particular to the creation of pharmacological agents of plant origin with nephrolytic action, which can be used for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis (ICD).

The present invention is a development and continuation of previous works of the authors previously reflected in the patent series, for example:

- Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2205655 "Means for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis" (Orlova S.V., Chaban N.G. et al.) 10.06.2003;

- Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2238735 "Means for litholysis of urinary stones and a method for its preparation" (Chaban N.G., Belousova A.S. et al.) October 27, 2004;

- Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2304425 "Method for determining the composition of urinary stones in vivo" (Kuzmicheva G.M., Chaban N.G. and others) 08/20/2007.

The versatility of the action of herbal remedies makes herbal medicine an indispensable component of the complex treatment of ICD. It is most rational to use phytopreparations when long-term use of drugs is necessary to maintain the effect of previously conducted intensive treatment, reduce the undesirable side effects of chemotherapy, and increase the effectiveness of complex treatment. Thus, herbal medicine expands the possibilities of medicine for chronic inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system, when a long-term effect is required, and the use of chemotherapeutic agents is not effective enough or desirable.

Currently, there are several dozen medicinal herbs used to treat IBD. The isolated use of herbs is rarely used; usually, herbs are used. The advantage of using herbal preparations over synthetic drugs is the following: there are practically no complications and undesirable side effects, the space for maneuvering is increased, which will allow avoiding addiction that reduces the final result, the possibility of selecting such combinations of herbs that, on the one hand, mutually reinforce their properties, and on the other hand, they provide for the patient all the necessary set of biologically active substances (flavonoids, essential oils, polyp Nola, etc.).

ICD is a complex physicochemical process associated with impaired colloidal equilibrium due to a decrease in the content of protective colloids in the urine. Stone formation in the body is promoted by: metabolic disorders, urinary tract infections, changes in the active reaction of urine, disturbances in the drinking regime, chronic hypovitaminosis (especially vitamin A deficiency). As a result of this, uric, oxalic and phosphoric acids begin to be released by the kidneys, which with calcium form sparingly soluble salts.

According to the chemical composition, the stones are urate, oxalate or phosphate, as well as mixed; cystine, protein, and cholesterol stones are less common. The stones are usually layered, the number of stone-forming minerals is not more than three, the remaining minerals can be found in the form of impurities.

Oxalate stones: formed from calcium salts of oxalic acid. These stones are dense, black-gray, with a prickly surface. They easily injure the mucous membrane, as a result of which the blood pigment stains them in dark brown or black. Two forms of oxalates are distinguished: wevellite CaC ₂ O ₄ · H ₂ O and Weddellite CaC ₂ O ₄ · 2H ₂ O. The frequent occurrence of vevellite crystals in urinary oxalate stone compared with Weddellite is due to the peculiar aging of the stone, which is characterized by the loss of one water molecule.

Phosphate stones: contain calcium salts of phosphoric acid. Their surface is smooth or slightly rough, the shape is diverse, the texture is soft. They are white or light gray in color, are formed in alkaline urine, are easily crushed. Phosphates in various varieties are 6-8 species. Among the phosphates, two groups are distinguished: calcium and magnesium phosphates. The most common of all phosphates are struvite MgH ₄ PO ₄ · 6H ₂ O and apatite carbonate Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ · CO ₃ . The composition of phosphate stones may include: brushite - CaHPO ₄ · 2H ₂ O, hydroxylapatite - Ca ₁₀ (PO ₄ ) ₆ (OH) ₂ . For phosphates containing a large amount of crystallization water, crystallization is possible, due to which one form of the crystal can transfer to another.

Urate stones: consist of uric acid - C ₅ H ₄ N ₄ O ₃ or its salts (ammonium, sodium, calcium urates). The stones are yellow-brown in color, with a smooth surface, a solid consistency.

Carbonate stones: formed from calcium salts of carbonic acid. They are white in color, with a smooth surface, soft, different in shape.

Cystine stones: composed of a sulfur compound of the amino acid cystine. They are yellowish-white in color, rounded in shape, with a smooth surface.

Protein stones: formed mainly from fibrin mixed with salts and bacteria. They are small, flat, soft, white.

Cholesterol stones: composed of cholesterol, are extremely rare in the kidney. They are black, soft, crumble easily.

Almost all stones consist of very small crystals connected by a thin organic layer. Such biogenic organomineral aggregates are characterized by a radially radiant, branched-radiant and fibrous-radiant structure. Mineral components form the thinnest layers of microcrystals of various shapes, and the mineral aggregates never touch their own like, constantly separated by films of organic matter. Optimum for increased calculus density is the presence in its composition of organic matter in the range of 1-5%. A higher content makes the stones soft, less - brittle.

Thus, stones in the form of a monolithic crystal in the urinary tract are not found. They are usually aggregates, i.e. splices of one or more minerals of various shapes and structures, cemented by an organic matrix. The fastest growing phosphate stones contain less than other matrix material, and, conversely, cystine stones with the highest relative amount of matrix rarely reach large sizes.

Stone formation is a multi-stage, extremely complex and poorly studied process. It should be noted that stones in the human body can form not only in the urinary system, but also in the bile ducts and in the salivary glands, i.e. in organs actively involved in maintaining homeostasis, water-electrolyte and acid-base balance.

From conservative drugs for the treatment of MKD, it is necessary to use diuretics, antispasmodics, antibacterial agents, as well as drugs that reduce the absorption of salts in the intestine and facilitate their excretion in the urine.

Herbal preparations can have the following types of actions: they contribute to the formation of protective colloids of the urinary tract, stimulate the excretory function of the kidneys, reduce inflammatory processes, bind phenols, enhance the excretion of sodium ions and blood chlorides, neutralize microorganisms and their metabolic products.

In the treatment of urate nephrolithiasis, measures are taken to alkalize urine. To do this, use the drug "Blemaren" (VIDAL Handbook, "Medicinal Products in Russia", section B-78, published by AstraFarmService, Moscow, 1999). The preparation contains citric acid, sodium citrate and potassium hydrogen carbonate; its action is based on the principle of sequentially neutralizing the urine reaction, which significantly increases the solubility of uric acid salts. As a result, urate stones dissolve and their formation is prevented. However, with an increase in the dose of the drug at a pH of more than 6.8, formation of calcium oxalate on the surface of the urate stone is possible, while dissolution stops.

For the treatment and relapses in the formation of stones consisting of calcium and magnesium phosphates, acidification of urine is necessary, which is achieved by using extract from the roots of madder dye.

Prevention of the formation of oxalate stones is a diet that excludes foods rich in oxalic, ascorbic acids and calcium salts.

The collection is known from the prior art, consisting of pods of common beans, motherwort leaves, femoral roots (saxifrage), smooth hernia grass, shepherd’s grass grass (Kruglyak L. Kidney stones. St. Petersburg: Peter, 2002, p. 94). However, this collection is not always effective due to insufficient diuretic action, and since the leaves of the motherwort have cumulative properties, a toxic effect is possible with prolonged use of this collection.

It is also known to use the collection of medicinal herbs and plant materials, which includes anise fruits, fruits of parsley, shepherd’s grass, fruits of common juniper, root of prickly steel, root of a lovage drug, root of dandelion (Kruglyak L. Kidney stones. St. Petersburg. : Peter, 2002, p. 95). However, this collection can cause a side effect in the form of increased choleresis, which subsequently leads to attacks of cholecystitis due to the relatively high content of anise fruits, cause the movement of calculi, which leads to pain and sometimes to urgent surgical intervention.

A collection is also known, which includes dioecious nettle, rhizome of calamus marsh, peppermint leaf, field horsetail grass, black elderberry flowers, heart-shaped linden flowers, common juniper fruits, rose hips (Tiktinsky O.A. et al. Urolithiasis. St. Petersburg: Peter , 2000, p. 221). The use of this collection does not always lead to a clinical effect, since it does not have a significant effect on diuresis and does not always normalize the function of the urinary system.

The drug “Kanefron” (VIDAL Handbook “Medicinal Products of Russia”, section B, p. 270, AstraFarmServis, Moscow, 1999) based on plant materials contains centaury grass, rosehip peel, rosemary leaves and lovage root. The combination of flavonoid compounds, tannins, quinones and rosmarinic acid contributes to the destruction of urinary stones, and also has a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antispasmodic effect. However, the effectiveness of the destruction of oxalate stones and anti-inflammatory activity of the drug are negligible. Therefore, the tool has a narrow effect in the treatment of ICD.

The closest technical solution to the present invention is a collection consisting of 14 types of medicinal plant material: spiky lavender grass, blackcurrant leaves, birch leaves, ivy buds, common juniper fruits, hop cones, lingonberry leaves, large plantain leaves, forest strawberry fruits, horsetail shoots of field horsetail, medicinal sweet clover grass, shepherd’s bag grass, blue cornflower flowers, ordinary flax seed (Kruglyak L. Kidney stones. St. Petersburg: Peter, 2002, p. 94).

However, the use of this collection does not always lead to the achievement of the desired clinical effect. Allergic reactions to lavender grass in the form of cough and runny nose are possible. The leaves of plantain in patients with high acidity can cause dyspeptic symptoms in the form of heaviness in the epigastric region, nausea and constipation, and the fruits of strawberries - the risk of allergic rashes. Ivy-shaped budra sometimes causes irritation of the kidneys, expressed in rapid urination and discomfort in the lumbar region and back. At the same time, since the medicinal raw materials are not crushed, the active substances are not completely extracted and thereby the clinical effect is weakened.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to enhance the clinical effect of collecting herbs and obtaining a therapeutic effect, which is expressed in the dissolution and removal of calculi from the kidneys, in the absence of adverse reactions and toxic effects.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the agent for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis consists of two collections of medicinal herbs and plant materials, which are used in two successive stages, while the first collection uses the first collection, which includes the following ingredients in certain ratios (parts):

St. John's wort grass - 1-4,

Birch buds - 2-6,

Helichrysum inflorescences - 1-4,

Chamomile flowers - 1-3,

Milk thistle seeds - 1-3,

The roots of the thigh - 2-6,

Highlander's grass - 2-4,

The roots of the cervix erect - 2-4,

in the form of an extract, 1 tablespoon 2 times a day before meals for 7-12 days, and in the second stage, a second collection is used, including the following ingredients in certain proportions (parts):

The roots of the cervix erect - 2-4,

The roots of the thigh - 2-4,

Lover's roots - 1-3,

Horsetail grass - 2-4,

The roots of madder dye - 1-3,

Nettle leaves - 1-3,

in the form of an extract, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals for 10-14 days, boiling water is used as an extractant.

The proposed tool includes components that are known in medical practice and are widely used in herbal medicine, and are also available domestic vegetable raw material sources.

St. John's wort: contains flavonoids (rutin, quercetin, hyperocide), anthocyanins, saponins, essential oil, carotene, choline, vitamins C, PP, nicotinic acid, alkaloids, tarry and tannins. The main active ingredients are condensed anthracene derivatives - hypericin, pseudohypericin. Their amount is 0.5%. It has a diuretic, bactericidal, antispasmodic effect, improves bile secretion, restores normal peristalsis, relieves spasm of blood vessels, can interact with the inorganic component of the stone, destroying it, mainly calcium oxalates.

Birch buds: contain tannins, saponins, betulorinitinol acid, volatile, tar, essential oil, which contains bicyclic sesquiterpene betulin and bicyclic sesquiterpene alcohol betulenol, as well as bicyclic sesquiterpene karyofillen. It has diuretic, choleretic and disinfectant properties, helps to dissolve stones, mainly phosphate and carbonate origin.

Immortelle: contains flavonoids, tannins, essential oils, sugars, resins, flavones, saponins, sterols, high molecular weight alcohols, vitamins C, K, etc. It has a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, choleretic, sedative and antibacterial effect.

Milk thistle: contains fatty oil, essential oil, resins, mucus, biogenic amines - histamine, flavolignans - silybin, silidianin, silicristine, microelements. The active substance is silymarin. It has choleretic, anti-inflammatory properties.

Feminine (Saxifraga reed): contains lignans (philantine, hypophilanthin, etc.), terpenes (limonene, lupeol, lupeol acetate), flavonoids (quercetin, quercetrin, astragaline, rutin), lipids (ricinoleic acid, dotriankananoic acid, , steroids, tannins, saponins. It has a diuretic, anti-inflammatory, diaphoretic, astringent, analgesic effect, affects the crystal-coloid ratio of the composition of stones.

Horsetail: contains alkaloids, flavonoids, carotene, vitamin C, malic, oxalic, aconitic and silicic acids, calcium salts, proteins, carbohydrates, tannins, bitterness and resins. Horsetail enhances urination by 68%, showing a more pronounced diuretic effect than other diuretic herbs, which also enhances its anti-inflammatory effect. Due to colloidal properties (the presence of silicic acid in the composition) prevents the formation of urinary stones and contributes to their dissolution.

Chamomile (flowers): contains sesquiterpenes, flavonoids, ascorbic acid, carotene, mucous substances, essential oil. Active components: chamazulin and matricin contained in essential oil - they weaken allergic reactions, have a disinfecting and anti-inflammatory effect. Flavonoid compounds, as well as coumarin, have a mild antispasmodic effect. In addition, chamomile anesthetizes and normalizes gastrointestinal disorders.

Cinquefoil erect (galangal) roots: contains 15-30% of tannins with a predominance of condensed tannins. These substances are mainly represented by polymers of catechins (flavonol-3). They can form a chelate with a Ca ^{2+ ion} according to the catechin or leukocyamedin group (flavandiol-3,4). Tannins, in addition to calcium ions, can bind to proteins, reducing the absorption of calcium from the intestines into the blood. There is free ellagic acid in the potentilla, which can form complexes with calcium ions. There is also quinic acid, which can interact with the organic matrix of the stone. The upright cinquefoil has an anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antimicrobial effect. Destroys urinary stones, interacting with both the inorganic and organic components of the stone.

Lovage (root): contains essential oil, the main component of which is 1-terpinol, furocoumarins, also contains starch, malic acid, lecithin, vitamins, gum, tarry and bitter substances. It has a diuretic, analgesic, laxative, choleretic effect, cleanses the urinary tract from the products of inflammation and bacterial flora.

Highlander bird (grass): contains quercetin and its derivatives, flavonoids, carotene, silicic acid, tannins, vitamins K, C, E, essential oil, bitterness, mucus, fats. Active ingredients: silicic acid and quercetin. Properties: diuretic, bactericidal, reduces the crystallization of urinary salts and removes sand from the urinary tract, because soluble silicic acid compounds are colloidal and prevent the formation of urinary stones.

Madder is dyeing: it contains organic acids (citric, malic, tartaric), triterpenoids, anthraquinones, sugars, proteins, pectin, ascorbic acid, rubietric acid, which interacts with calcium phosphate and calcium oxalate, acidifies urine, due to which loosening of kidney stones occurs. Marena has diuretic and antispasmodic properties, promotes the promotion and removal of stones.

Stinging: multivitamin vegetable raw material which contains vitamins _(B2, A, C), carotenoids, β-carotene, xanthophyll, pantothenic acid, urtitsin, tannins, formic acid, mineral salts, riboflavin, fitosteron histamine. It has diuretic, anti-inflammatory properties, normalizes metabolism, and reduces the synthesis of oxalic acid.

In the present invention, a new and important factor in achieving the task is not only the composition of the proposed product, but also the ratio of the components, that is, in what proportion are the bioflavonoids, minerals and vitamins.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

The composition of the claimed funds when containing ingredients in parts

Composition 1 collection:

Hypericum herb - 1

Birch buds - 2

Helichrysum inflorescences - 1

Chamomile flowers - 1

Milk Thistle Seeds - 1

Thigh roots - 2

Highlander's Grass - 2

Composition 2 collection:

Upset root roots - 4

Feminine Roots - 4

Lover's Roots - 3

Horsetail Grass - 4

Roots of madder dyeing - 3

Nettle Leaves - 3

Example 2

Composition 1 collection:

Hypericum herb - 2

Birch buds - 3

Helichrysum inflorescences - 2

Chamomile flowers - 2

Milk Thistle Seeds - 2

3 roots of a thigh

Highlander's Grass - 3

Composition 2 collection:

Root cinquefoil roots - 3

Thigh Roots - 3

Lover's Roots - 2

Horsetail Grass - 3

The roots of madder dyeing - 2

Nettle leaves - 2

Example 3

Composition 1 collection:

Hypericum grass - 3

Birch buds - 3

Helichrysum inflorescences - 3

Chamomile flowers - 2

Milk Thistle Seeds - 2

Thigh Roots - 4

Highlander's Grass - 3

Composition 2 collection:

Root cinquefoil roots - 3

Thigh Roots - 4

Lover's Roots - 3

Horsetail Grass - 2

Roots of madder dyeing - 3

Nettle Leaves - 3

Preparation and application of 1 collection

To obtain the claimed funds, all herbs are crushed and mixed in certain proportions. 1 tablespoon of the mixture is brewed with 0.5 liters of boiling water and heated in a water bath for 1.5-2 hours. The extract is separated by filtration, stored in the refrigerator. Take 1 tablespoon 2 times a day 30 minutes before meals for 7-12 days.

Preparation and application of 2 collections

Since the composition of the collection includes the roots and rhizomes of plants, it is advisable to apply the following method of preparation: all components are crushed and mixed in certain proportions. 2 tablespoons of the mixture are placed in a thermos and pour 1 liter of boiling water, let it brew for 8-10 hours. Take 1 tablespoon 3 times a day 30 minutes before meals for 10-14 days.

In this case, the fees should be applied in successive stages without interruption: at the first stage - 1 collection, then at the second stage - 2 collection.

The obtained extracts were used for litholysis of urinary stones of various compositions, isolated after surgical treatment of 90 patients with IBD. Litholysis was carried out as follows: the stone was placed in the extract of one of the collections of Example 1, kept for two weeks at room temperature, filtered, the precipitate was dried in an oven to constant weight and weighed, the result was placed in the table below. Next, the dried precipitate was placed in the extract of one of the charges 2 of the example and processed as described for example 1, the result was entered in table 1.

The proposed compositions are most promising for litholysis of oxalate, uric oxalate, phosphate-oxalate and phosphate (except for strobite) urinary stones.

These fees were also tested in the clinic during the treatment of ICD in ten urological patients and demonstrated a pronounced therapeutic effect that exceeded the effect of existing similar analogues.

The proposed tool contains components from available domestic vegetable raw materials.

Claims (1)

An agent for the prevention and treatment of urolithiasis, consisting of two collections of medicinal herbs and plant materials, which are used in two successive stages,
in this case, at the first stage, the first collection is applied, including the following ingredients, in parts:
St. John's wort grass 1-4 Birch buds 2-6 Helichrysum inflorescences 1-4 Chamomile flowers 1-3 Thistle seeds 1-3 Thigh roots 2-6 Highlander's Grass 2-4 Uproot roots 2-4
in the form of an extract, 1 tablespoon 2 times a day before meals for 7-12 days, boiling water is used as an extractant;
and in the second stage, a second collection is applied, including the following ingredients in parts:
Uproot roots 2-4 Thigh roots 2-4 Roots of a lovage 1-3 Horsetail grass 2-4 Roots of madder dyeing 1-3 Nettle leaves 1-3
in the form of an extract, 1 tablespoon 3 times a day before meals for 10-15 days, boiling water is used as an extractant.