RU2579205C1 - Installation incubation of fish eggs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fishing and fish farming.

SUBSTANCE: installation includes a support frame, pressure vessels, vessels for hatching eggs, the capacity for removing the larvae with mesh inserts and piping system of water supply and sanitation. Pressure vessel is mounted overflow outlet connected to a pipe with a capacity for removal of larvae, with a pipe equipped with thermostatic element providing the required conditions for the incubation temperature of the circulating water. Capacity for the removal of the larvae has room to provide partial recirculation of the water pump feeding water into the pressure vessel through a cooling tower mounted above the junction with the cuvette and filter.

EFFECT: invention optimizes the process of incubation.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to industrial fish farming, and in particular to devices for incubating fertilized fish eggs, and can be used in enterprises engaged in the artificial reproduction of fish stocks.

The rate of embryonic development of fish is functionally determined by the incubation temperature. Accordingly, a controlled change in incubation temperature allows you to actively control the rate of development of the embryo. This task is most relevant for autumn-winter-spawning fish with a long incubation cycle, for example, whitefish. Under natural temperature conditions, the duration of embryonic development in them proceeds for 6–9 months both on spawning grounds of the natural range and in the conditions of the incubation workshop. In production conditions, a technological need periodically arises for obtaining whitefish larvae both in earlier and later calendar terms. By gradually increasing the incubation temperature, embryogenesis can be reduced by two months without compromising the developing embryo. By stabilizing the temperature of the water used for incubation at low values at the end of embryogenesis, hatching of the larvae can be delayed by one month compared to normal periods.

A known installation for the incubation of fish eggs, including a support stand with installed incubation vessels for eggs, drain trays, pressure pipes and a heat exchanger (Technique for fish farming. Reference. Gosrybtsentr, Tyumen, 2010, p. 36).

In this installation, the incubation of eggs is carried out with once-through water supply, using the pressure pipe of the workshop with a heat exchanger that controls the temperature of the entire volume of water entering the incubation vessels and its subsequent discharge.

However, maintaining the required temperature of all incoming water to the incubation plant leads to inefficient energy wastes, and direct-flow water supply with subsequent discharge to a large flow of water.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is an installation for incubation of fish eggs, including a support frame, a pressure tray, vessels for incubating eggs, tanks for draining larvae that communicate with a tray for collecting and removing water with larvae (USSR. Av. St. No. 733586, A01K 61/00, 1980).

In such an installation, water from the pressure tray passes through the entire incubation system of vessels, tanks and is discharged through the tray, which also leads to inefficient water consumption and, in addition, the design of this installation does not allow controlling the temperature of water and changing the time of incubation of eggs.

The technical result from the use of the present invention is to optimize the process of incubation of fish eggs at a controlled temperature with a partially closed water supply cycle while minimizing energy consumption.

This is achieved by the fact that in the installation for the incubation of eggs, including the supporting frame, the pressure vessel, the incubation vessels for the eggs, the tank for the removal of larvae with a mesh liner and a system of water supply and drainage pipes, while an overflow hole is mounted in the pressure vessel, connected by a pipe to the vessel for the removal of larvae, the pipe is equipped with a thermoregulatory element that provides a given temperature regime for the circulating water, required by the conditions for the incubation of eggs, the tank for the removal of larvae has a compartment with a pump, conductive water into the pressure vessel through a cooling tower with a distribution filter cuvette and fixed under pressure capacity providing partial recirculation of water. The installation is additionally equipped with a storage tank with a mesh cage connected by a pipe to a tank for draining larvae.

In FIG. 1 schematically shows the installation, a General view (except for the support frame), in FIG. 2 is a diagram of the water supply of the installation.

The caviar incubation installation is collapsible and includes: rack frame, pressure vessel, cooling tower, distribution pipe, larva removal tank, storage tank, bath-tray, set of incubation vessels, temperature-controlled element, pump. The material used to make the rack is aluminum sheets, metal corners, polypropylene pipes, polymer hoses and metal mesh.

On top of the metal corners of the support frame of the installation, a pressure tank (2) is mounted, into which fresh water flows through a tap (1), and connected by polypropylene pipes to a distribution pipe (3). The incubation vessels (4) attached to the adjustable lower and upper mounts are connected to the distribution pipe by rubber hoses. Over the entire length of the rack with incubation vessels, a drain trough (5) is fixed under the pressure vessel, which extends from the end of the rack to the larval discharge tank (6). A pump (8) is placed in the larvae removal tank, in the pump compartment (7), which is connected via a polypropylene pipe to a pressure tank through a cooling tower (11) with a distribution cell (10). The temperature-regulating element (13) is mounted in the pipe with a pipe (12) connecting the overflow hole of the pressure vessel with the larva removal tank. A storage tank (15) is placed inside the pan-bath (19), which is connected to the larvae removal capacity with a pipe (14).

To adjust the height of the rack, as well as to align it, the legs of the frame are equipped with adjusting screws. The height of the rack is designed for comfortable work of a person standing.

Depending on the stage of incubation of eggs, the device operates in one of two modes:

1. The mode of incubation of eggs before hatching larvae. The volume of recharge of the recirculation system with fresh water is regulated by the corresponding tap (1). Water is supplied from the water supply system to the pressure vessel (2). From it, water flows through the distribution pipe (3) into the incubation vessels with caviar (4). The flow rate of water in the vessels is adjusted by taps. Water passing through the incubation vessels is poured into the gutter (5) and is discharged through it to the larval drainage tank (6). From the pump compartment (7) of this tank with a submersible pump (8), it is fed through a pipe through a tap (9) to the insert of the distribution cell (10), filled with material that provides mechanical filtration of water from suspensions. The faucet (9) allows you to adjust the amount of water circulating in the installation. A distribution cuvette provides uniform irrigation of the cooling tower (11) for more efficient aeration of the water flowing through it. The enriched water is returned to the pressure vessel (2) and thus completes the reverse cycle.

A submersible pump (8) per unit time pumps several times more water into the pressure tank (2) than it passes through the incubation vessels. Therefore, the main part of the water from the pressure tank is discharged through the overflow hole (12) and is piped to the thermostatic element (13), which provides heating or cooling of the circulating water in accordance with the specified mode. Then, water under pressure enters the pump compartment (7) of the larvae removal tank (6). The return of water from the pump compartment to the pressure tank has been described previously. A part of the water equal to the recharge volume through the larvae outlet pipe (14) is automatically discharged from the larvae removal tank (6) into the storage tank (15), and then it is discharged into the sewer through a pipe with a hose (16). Prior to the start of hatching of the larvae from a wire mesh cage (17) and a gas-screen cage (18), the corresponding containers are not installed. The collection of water sprayed during operation of the device is carried out due to the bath-tray (19), from where it is discharged into the sewer through the corresponding drain hole (16).

2. When the device is operating in the mode of hatching larvae, a cage made of metal mesh (17) is installed in the larva removal tank (6), and a gas-screen cage (18) is installed in the storage tank (15). Hatching larvae are carried out by a current of water from incubation vessels (4) into the gutter (5) and through it enter the cage from a metal mesh (17). The main part of the water is filtered from the larvae through the walls and the bottom of this cage, enters the pump compartment (7) and returns to the water exchange cycle in the same way as when the device was operating in incubation mode. The larvae from the metal cage (17), through the nozzle (14) introduced into it, flow into the cage from the gas sieve (18) installed in the storage tank (15). Filtered water from the larvae is discharged through the pipe (16) into the sewer. The larvae concentrate in the cage (18) and, as they accumulate, are removed. To ensure the respiration of the larvae from the pressure vessel, an additional water is supplied to the cage through a special hose with a tap (20). Caddles must be periodically cleaned of caviar shells sticking to the filter material.

The remaining elements of the device during the period of hatching larvae function in the same way as in the incubation mode of eggs.

Thus, in the device, water exchange is carried out in two closed cycles:

1. Pressure vessel - distribution pipe - incubation vessels - drain trough - metal mesh cage - pump compartment of the vessel - submersible pump - distribution cell with filter insert - cooling tower - pressure vessel.

2. Pressure tank - thermoregulating element - pump compartment of the larva separator tank - submersible pump - distribution cuvette with filter insert - cooling tower - pressure tank.

The system is replenished with fresh water from an external water supply system supplied to the pressure vessel.

The discharge of water from the system in an amount equivalent to recharge is carried out in two ways through the following installation elements:

1. A metal mesh cage installed in the larvae removal tank - the larvae removal tank - a gas-screen cage - storage tank - sewage.

2. Pressure vessel - gas sieve cage - storage tank - sewage.

The described embodiment of the device is designed mainly for incubation of eggs with an increase in temperature compared to feed water. The following modifications have been made to the modification intended for cooling the supplied water:

1. The storage tank for the larvae is moved outside the bathtub;

2. Thermostatic element (evaporator of the refrigeration unit) is placed directly in the pressure vessel;

3. The drain pump has been replaced by a circulation pump.

The device was manufactured in two versions at a pilot mechanical production and was successfully tested in the Suzgun incubation workshop of the Tobolsk regional fish hatchery of the Tyumen region.

Claims (2)

1. Installation for the incubation of eggs, including a support frame, a pressure vessel, incubation vessels for eggs, a container for draining larvae with a mesh insert and a system of pipes for water supply and drainage, characterized in that an overflow hole is mounted in the pressure vessel, connected by a pipe to the tank for removal the larvae, while the pipe is equipped with a thermoregulatory element that provides a given temperature regime for the circulating water, required by the conditions for eggs incubation, the larvae removal tank has a compartment with astichnuyu water recirculation pump supplying water into the pressure vessel through a cooling tower with a distribution filter cuvette and secured over the pressure tank. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a storage tank with a net cage, connected by a pipe with a tank for removal of larvae.

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