RU2578396C1 - Method of protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: protection from buckwheat. Buckwheat processing seed weevil performed the day before sowing Kruyzer drug at a rate of 0.7 l/m, the soil after sowing Decis Profi formulation sprayed at a rate of 0.03 l/ha, when the plant development phases shoots appearance a first sheet of treated drug Fitoverm M at a rate of 2.5 l/ha.

EFFECT: invention improves the effectiveness of the protection.

1 cl, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the protection of plants from pests, namely buckwheat weevil.

A known method of protecting plants from pests, including treating the seeds with a composite mixture: chinook, TMTD, humites, and plants for germination, with suicidin, humitam, and bitoxibacillin in the budding phase. (Patent for the invention of the Russian Federation, No. 2333643, IPC A01N 63/00, 09/20/2008) The disadvantage of this method is the toxic effect of drugs on humans, animals and beneficial microflora and fauna of the soil.

A known method of protecting buckwheat plants, including dusting seeds with mercuran and double pollination of seedlings with hexachlorane in the development phase of three true leaves and ten days later. (Safiullina M.A. Buckwheat weevil in the Amur Region // Transactions of the Annunciation Agricultural Institute. - Blagoveshchensk, 1959. - T. 1. - P. 35-40.)

The drugs used are strong poisons and are very dangerous for warm-blooded animals, humans, bees, their production is stopped. Dry seed dressing (dusting) has disadvantages: the adhesion of the drug to the seeds does not exceed 60%, a significant amount of the chemical is lost during mechanical loading and sowing of seeds. In the process of seed dressing, a large amount of the drug is sprayed in the air, polluting the environment.

The aim of the invention is to increase the productivity of buckwheat plants by reducing the harmfulness of buckwheat weevil.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil, including treating seeds of vegetating plants with the preparations according to the invention, the seeds are treated one day before sowing with Kruizer with a consumption rate of 0.7 l / t, the soil after sowing is sprayed with Decis Profi with a consumption rate of 0.03 l / ha, and when the development of the plant phase of seedlings is achieved, the appearance of the first leaf is treated with Fitoverm M with a consumption rate of 2.5 l / ha.

Compared with the prototype, the features of the inventive step of the proposed new method for protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil are:

1. "the seeds are treated one day before sowing with Kruiser with a consumption rate of 0.7 l / t ...":

- allows you to process seeds with a positive impact on their sowing qualities (germination, germination energy) of the seed dresser,

- provides effective protection against soil and ground pests, as having a systemic effect,

- allows you to maintain optimal seedling density at minimum cost of seed material,

- allows you to protect seeds, seedlings in the soil at a depth of 3-4 cm from soil pests that damage during the most important initial period of plant growth,

- allows you to protect seeds from land and barn pests, from carriers of viral infection.

2. "... The soil after sowing is sprayed with Decis Profi with a flow rate of 0.03 l / ha ...":

- allows to reduce the number of buckwheat weevil living on arable land, and favorably affects the germination of buckwheat seeds at the initial stage, high efficiency in weather conditions, practically not washed off by precipitation,

- creates protection against pests before germination and the appearance of the first leaf,

- allows to reduce the damage to buckwheat plants by insects and significantly increase plant productivity, high selectivity to entomophages.

3. "... And upon reaching the development of the plant seedling phase, the appearance of the first leaf is treated with Fitoverm M with a consumption rate of 2.5 l / ha":

- the drug does not have the ability to penetrate through the plant membrane (inside the plant, grain), therefore, does not accumulate, which makes its use environmentally friendly for humans, especially since buckwheat is a dietary product,

- thanks to the adhesive, which is part of the drug, the consumption rate and the cost of additional use of adhesives are reduced and the efficiency increases, since the spreadability on the leaf blade improves and the likelihood of the drug draining from the plant decreases,

- allows for phased use of drugs to effectively control pests of buckwheat, to reduce damage to plants before harvesting,

- does not pollute the environment, is rapidly destroyed in water and soil, the waiting period is two days,

- does not adversely affect the pollination of Greek plants by bees,

- allows you to increase the productivity of buckwheat plants.

The signs indicated in the distinctive part of the description of the achievement of the goal prove that the claimed method of protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil has novelty. The combination of features shown in the comparison of the properties of the claimed and known solutions, gives reason to conclude that the claimed method has an inventive step.

The proposed method of protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil is as follows.

Buckwheat is an important cereal crop; it is also used as a siderate, and is valuable as a honey plant. It is a good precursor to many crops. Therefore, preserving the crop not only from losses during harvesting, but also from pests is an important task. The buckwheat variety Emerald was the object of study. The accounting area of the plots is 10 m ² , the repetition is three times. The studies used chemical and biological preparations. After harvesting the predecessor in the fall, stubble cultivation was carried out, followed by deep plowing of the soil. In the spring, in order to destroy weeds, they carried out harrowing, deep cultivation and two to three-fold small cultivation with simultaneous harrowing. Buckwheat seeds prepared for sowing are pickled the day before sowing and are treated with the Kruiser systemic chemical preparation with a consumption rate of 0.7 l / t; they are dried, ensuring that seeds are preserved from the effects of buckwheat weevil. Sowing is carried out in an ordinary way with a 15-cm row spacing, followed by rolling and spraying the soil with the Decis Profi chemical agent with a consumption rate of 0.03 l / ha in order to reduce the harmfulness of the buckwheat weevil living in the soil and on its surface before germination. The seeds of buckwheat plants in the soil under the influence of environmental conditions begin to develop, and when the development of the plants reaches the seedling phase, the appearance of the first leaf is treated with the biological preparation Fitoverm M with a consumption rate of 2.5 l / ha. Biological treatment does not adversely affect entomophages and pollination of plants with bees, which is especially important since buckwheat is a honey plant. Next, buckwheat plants go through all phases of growth and development, and when harvesting ripeness is reached, the percentage of damage to the plants is determined. The effectiveness of the preparations is assessed by damage to the leaves and stems by bugs of buckwheat weevil and their larvae. Damage was evaluated on 20 plants in each variant. Damage to buckwheat plants before harvesting is shown in the table.

The table shows that in the variant when the seeds are treated before sowing with the Kruizer chemical preparation, the soil after sowing with the Decis Profi chemical preparation and in the phase of development of buckwheat plants sprouts, the appearance of the first leaf by the Fitoverm M biological preparation achieves minimal damage to the plants that is fixed before harvesting, which It makes 30.8% and at the same time the maximum productivity from one plant is 4.49 grams.

The application of the proposed method of protecting buckwheat plants from the effects of both beetles and buckwheat weevil larvae will allow for an effective fight against it and increase the productivity of buckwheat plants.

Claims (1)

A method of protecting buckwheat from buckwheat weevil, including treating seeds of vegetating plants with preparations, characterized in that the seeds are treated with Kruiser the day before sowing with a consumption rate of 0.7 l / t, the soil after sowing is sprayed with Decis Profi with a consumption rate of 0.03 l / ha, and upon reaching the development of the plant seedling phase, the appearance of the first leaf is treated with Fitoverm M with a consumption rate of 2.5 l / ha.