RU2577436C1 - Centrifugal generator gas cleaner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: energy.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to heat engineering and can be used in chemical, metallurgical, fuel-power and other industries for cleaning gas generator plant. Cleaner comprises cylindrical housing with central pipe, a conical bottom and tight end covers. In the lower part of the body is formed by settling bath filled with fluid. In the liquid settling bath coaxially with the Central tube there is a cone-shaped damper of hydrophilic material with vertex directed upward. Around the central tube is laid in the form of archimedean spiral metal band. Inner end of the archimedean spiral is connected to the central pipe, and the external end tightly adjoins the wall of the housing. Upper ends of archimedean spiral are tightly connected with the surface of end cover, and the lower part of the archimedean spiral and the end of central tube partially lowered into liquid settling bath. In the upper part of the casing tangentially located inlet pipe, which is connected with the slot made on external surface of the archimedean spiral and through which gas is supplied in a spiral channel. On the edge of central tube has outlet slot, which is connected to inner end of the archimedean spiral. Height of each slot is the third part of the height of archimedean spiral.

EFFECT: design of cleaner provides high efficiency of generator gas.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of power engineering, and more precisely to the purification of gases of a generator set, and can find application in chemical, metallurgical, fuel and energy and other industries.

A device for air purification is known as an air-screw cyclone-separator (RF patent No. 2442662 "Air-screw cyclone-separator". IPC B04C 5/103, publ. 02.20.2012), containing a cone-shaped housing in which an inlet tangential branch pipe connected to conical body, coaxially located in the body of the screw insert, covering the Central exhaust pipe.

The screw insert is made of variable diameter, adjustable pitch and number of strokes with the formation of a decreasing screw volume inside the body, reaching the lower end of the exhaust pipe with an adjustable helical funnel. The upper exhaust pipe is located above the end of the exhaust pipe, which is the top of the truncated cone. A rod with a helical surface is installed inside the truncated cone. A truncated cone with a screw shaft and an exhaust pipe are enclosed in a sealed chamber. The side surface of the housing is made with adjustable perforation and is equipped with airtight containers that overlap the perforation. Sealed containers are used to collect and output fractions in the output device conical shape.

The flow of dusty air is supplied to the aeroprop cyclone-separator, where under the action of centrifugal forces, the particles of contaminants are pressed against the walls and, falling with the flow, enter the output device through the perforation in the housing. The device carries out a differentiated removal of fractions through perforation from the air flow due to the helical movement of the air mixture in a decreasing screw volume and in a truncated cone with a screw rod at the upper end of the exhaust pipe. However, the gas purification process is not sufficiently effective, since there is no liquid bath to trap contaminants, and a moving gas stream can trap particles. In addition, the device has a complex structure.

Known invention, the totality of the features closest to the claimed generator gas purifier. Such is an oil dust collector that partially or completely traps dust particles in the air (RF patent No. 2257487 “Oil dust collector for fuel tanks”. IPC F02M 35/08, B01D 47/02, published on July 27, 2005).

The dust collector consists of a closed cylindrical body with an outlet pipe located above the oil bath. The supply of contaminated air takes place from above through the inlet pipe into the central tube. The central tube is made with holes along its generatrix. Inside the case there is a metal tape laid in the form of an Archimedean spiral around the central tube with the formation of a spiral channel for the passage of polluted air. The upper end surfaces of the tape are hermetically connected to the end surface of the housing cover. The lower part of the Archimedean spiral is partially lowered into the oil bath. The inner end of the spiral is connected to the central tube, and the outer one is adjacent to the body. When leaving the tube through the through holes, air and dust particles pass through the channel of the Archimedean spiral, dust particles lose their kinetic energy, and due to the gravitational effect, the particles of pollution are deposited on the surface of the oil bath. Purified air from dust particles enters the outlet pipe.

The disadvantages of this invention, taken as a prototype, is that when air moves from the inner tube to the Archimedean spiral, centripetal acceleration decreases due to an increase in the radius of the coil, and accordingly, the efficiency of air purification decreases. Due to the uniform arrangement of the holes in the central tube and the location of the outlet pipe close to the oil bath, the lower part of the cleaner is not used efficiently.

The task of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and increase the efficiency of purification of the generator gas. The technical result consists in separating agglomerates of contaminants and water droplets by abruptly changing the direction of movement of the gas spirally unwound when it exits from the spiral channel.

The problem is solved as follows. Like the device of the prototype, the centrifugal generator gas purifier claimed as an invention comprises a cylindrical body with a conical bottom and sealed end caps, an inlet and an outlet pipe. In the lower part of the body, a settling bath is formed, filled with liquid and equipped with a drain pipe. Inside the case there is a central tube and a metal tape laid in the form of an Archimedean spiral around the central tube with the formation of a spiral channel. The upper ends of the Archimedean spiral are hermetically connected to the surface of the end cover of the housing, and the lower part of the Archimedean spiral and the end of the central tube are partially lowered into the liquid of the settling bath. The inner end of the Archimedean spiral is connected to the central tube, and its outer end is hermetically adjacent to the wall of the casing.

Unlike the prototype, the outlet pipe of the centrifugal generator gas cleaner is located in the center of the upper end cover of the housing and is directly connected to the cavity of the central tube. The inlet of the centrifugal cleaner is located tangentially in the upper part of the housing. Unlike the prototype, on the outer surface of the Archimedean spiral opposite the inlet pipe, an entrance slit is made with a height equal to 1/3 of the height of the Archimedean spiral from the end cover of the casing. An exit slit is made in the lower part of the central tube on its continuous generatrix, the height of which is 1/3 of the height of the central tube, while the inner end of the Archimedean spiral is connected to the central tube to the top of the gap. The dimensions of the slit are determined experimentally by the authors. The experiments showed high efficiency of gas purification at the indicated sizes, free entry of contaminated gas and removal of purified gas.

The settling tank is equipped with a conical damper made of a hydrophilic material, with a top pointing upwards, which is installed in the liquid of the settling bath coaxially with the central tube. A cone-shaped dampener prevents the contamination of the contaminants in the liquid and their ingress into the purified gas.

The specified technical result is achieved by pre-setting the directional movement of the gas stream using the supply pipe through the inlet slot located in the upper part of the spiral tape forming an Archimedean spiral. Pollution and water droplets in the gas stream due to centrifugal force, as well as due to impact on the surface of the liquid when changing the direction of gas flow using the exit slit, are separated and discharged into the settling bath and accumulate in the liquid. The purified gas entering the central tube is discharged through the outlet pipe.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a centrifugal cleaner; FIG. 2 is a view BB of FIG. one.

The centrifugal cleaner contains a housing 1 with inlet 2 and outlet 3 nozzles. Inside the housing 1, a central pipe 7 is made, around which a metal tape 4 is laid, forming an Archimedean spiral. An entrance slit 5 is made on the outer surface of the Archimedean spiral, which is located opposite the nozzle 2. The slot has a height of 1/3 of the height of the Archimedean spiral. At the bottom of the central tube 7, an exit slit 6 is made to a height of 1/3 of the tube. The inner end of the Archimedean spiral is connected to the top of the slit 6 with the central tube 7. The outer end of the Archimedean spiral is hermetically adjacent to the inner wall of the housing 1. The housing 1 is closed on top by a hermetic end cover 8. In the lower part of the housing 1 made with a conical bottom, a settling bath 9 is formed filled with liquid 10 and equipped with a pipe 11 with a sealed cover. A conical damper 12 made of a hydrophilic material, for example, metal or plastic, was installed to retain impurities absorbed in the liquid 10 and to prevent foaming. The lower part of the tape 4 of the Archimedean spiral and the end of the central tube 7 are partially lowered into the liquid 10 of the settling bath 9.

Centrifugal cleaner works as follows.

The contaminated gas through the inlet pipe 2 and then through the inlet 5 is fed into the spiral channel formed by the metal strip 4. During the helical movement of the gas through the spiral channel, water, resins and other liquid and solid drops and particles having a significantly higher density compared to gas, under the action of a centrifugal effect, move to the wall of the spiral channel. When particles and droplets exit in the region of the internal exit gap 6, the gas abruptly changes the direction of movement. In this case, the agglomerates of contaminants are separated from the gas and discharged into the settling bath 9, accumulating in the liquid 10 filling the bath. Contaminated liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 11.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal generator gas cleaner containing a cylindrical body with a conical bottom and sealed end caps, an inlet and outlet pipe, a settling bath formed in the lower part of the body, filled with liquid and equipped with a drain pipe, a central tube located inside the body, a metal tape laid in the form an Archimedean spiral around the central tube with the formation of a spiral channel, the upper ends of the Archimedean spiral being hermetically connected to the surface of the end cap, lower The main part of the Archimedean spiral and the end of the central tube are partially lowered into the liquid of the settling bath, the inner end of the Archimedean spiral is connected to the central tube, and its external end is hermetically adjacent to the wall of the casing, characterized in that the outlet pipe is located in the center of the upper end cover of the casing and is directly connected with a cavity of the central tube, and the inlet pipe is located tangentially in the upper part of the housing, and on the outer surface of the Archimedean spiral opposite the inlet pipe the bottom slit with a height equal to 1/3 of the height of the Archimedean spiral from the end cover of the casing, and in the lower part of the central tube an exit slit is made on its continuous generatrix, the height of which is 1/3 of the height of the central tube, while the inner end of the Archimedean spiral is connected to the central tube to the top of the slot, in addition, in the liquid of the settling bath, in order to prevent agitation of contaminants and to keep the liquid coaxial with the central tube, an additional conical damper with an upward pointing top is installed, you full of hydrophilic material.

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