RU2570267C2 - Method of control over drilling and drill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to drilling. In compliance with this invention, at drilling the bore in part composed of materials with different properties, control system is used to adjust the motor parameters. Note here that at load torque definition stage, torque applied to drill is determined. At drilling start stage, part bore drilling start is defined. Part drilled two or more plies are detected on the basis of drilling start moment and variation of torque load in the order of their drilling, said plies following each other in direction of feed. Drilling conditions selection stage comprises setting of spindle rpm and feed rate with due allowance of the properties of materials of said part plies defined at above mentioned stages. Now, said drill is used to make the bore in two or more processed plies of the part.

EFFECT: better quality of the drilled part.

9 cl, 9 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a method for controlling a drilling process and to a drilling device that allows a hole to be formed in a part having many regions differing in material properties (for example, in the case of a multilayer product) by means of relative rotational motion and relative translational movement of the part and tool.

State of the art

Known devices for drilling, which include motors that provide relative rotational motion and relative translational movement of the part and tool (for example, drill) to form a hole in the part (for example, see patent sources 1-5).

When forming a hole in a part by means of such a drilling device in order to improve machining accuracy and productivity or protect the tool based on the characteristics of the material of the part and the depth of the hole, the operating mode is preliminarily calculated and set, in which, according to the load torque on the tool during processing (for example, see Patent Sources 3-5) sets relative rotational motion (spindle speed) or relative translational motion (feed rate) d hoist and tools (e.g., see. Patent Literature 2). In addition, the formation of a deep hole can be carried out with a periodic withdrawal of a tool from it with the aim of removing chips and the subsequent introduction of this tool into it (for example, see patent sources 2, 3).

Related Documents

References

Patent Source 1: Japanese Patent Application 2009-50942.

Patent Source 2: Japanese Patent Application H5-50311.

Patent Source 3: Japanese Patent Application H5-21683.

Patent Source 4: Japanese Patent Application 2004-1120.

Patent Source 5: Japanese Patent Application 2002-120219.

Disclosure of invention

Technical challenge

If there are many areas in the part being machined that differ in material properties (for example, in the case of a multilayer product containing adjacent layers of materials having different properties) in order to improve machining accuracy and productivity, protect the tool or improve the characteristics of the part after machining (for example, regarding the roughness of its surface), etc. it is preferable to carry out drilling in an operating mode that takes into account the properties of each material from which the corresponding areas of the part are made.

In addition, with the proliferation of high-strength and lightweight composite materials, multilayer and other similar products to be drilled made of a composite material, for example carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP, from the English carbon fiber reinforced plastic), and metal have become widely used.

However, when setting the drilling operating mode or selecting a predefined drilling operating mode for each corresponding region of a part having a multilayer structure in which each region has different properties, the operator spends a lot of time and effort, which is characterized by a decrease in productivity. In addition, it is preferable to prevent the deterioration of the quality of the surfaces of the parts when holes are formed in them, as a result of which burrs, scuffs, etc. usually form when the tool exits the part, to prevent gaps between adjacent parts of the part or layers, etc. .

The present invention was developed taking into account this kind of conditions, and its task is to provide automatic recognition of two or more machined layers of the part in which the hole is formed, which allows you to make holes in the part containing many adjacent areas that differ from each other in properties material, as well as to simplify the drilling process in the operating mode specified for each processed layer of the part, and to increase processing productivity.

In addition, an object of the present invention is to reduce the cost of the drilling apparatus and to improve the quality characteristics of the part in which the hole is formed.

Means used to solve a technical problem

The invention, according to paragraph 1 of the claims, is a method of controlling a drilling process by means of a drilling device including a motor control system 7, 8, which provide relative rotational movement and relative translational movement of the part 50, 60 and tool 4 forming an opening 70 in the part 50 , 60, and the part 50, 60 has a predetermined number of separate areas 51-56, 61, 62, consisting of materials with various properties, including the process of controlling the parameters of the engine of retractors 7, 8 by means of a control system 15, comprising step S11 of determining the load torque T at which the load torque at the tool 4 is determined, step S12 of determining the start of processing, at which the start of machining of the part 50, 60 is determined by drilling, steps S13, S18 detection of the workpiece layer of the part, on which, based on the moment of processing and changes in the load torque T, two or more areas 51-56, 61, 62 of the part are determined in the order of their processing by drilling, corresponding to two or more workpiece layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b that are next to each other in the feed direction, which is the direction of translational movement, and step S14 of selecting an operating mode at which the spindle speed S (rotational movement) and speed are set F feed (translational movement), and these parameters of the operating mode are set taking into account the properties of the materials that make up the workpiece layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b of the part determined in steps S13, S18 of detecting the workpiece layer of the part, and in two and more workable layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b of the part with the tool 4, an opening 70 is formed.

According to the foregoing, in a part containing a predetermined number of areas consisting of materials with different properties, two or more layers of the part machined by drilling are automatically recognized based on the magnitude of the load torque on the tool, while drilling of the corresponding machined layers of the part can be performed in the working mode, the parameters of which are determined by the properties of each processed layer of the part and are set by means of selecting the operating mode. Ultimately, with regard to two or more machined layers of the part in which the hole is formed, there is no need to pre-determine the position of each machined layer of the part in the feed direction, as well as to periodically change the flow when switching to the next machined layer of the part, taking into account the thickness of each machined layer of the part, which, therefore, can be characterized by an increase in productivity of drilling machining.

The invention, according to paragraph 2 of the formula, is a method for controlling the drilling process according to paragraph 1 of the formula, characterized in that the processing start time is determined by the control system 15 in step S12 of determining the processing start time by recognizing the contact between part 50, 60 and tool 4 for changing the load torque T.

According to the foregoing, in view of the fact that the start time of the drilling treatment is determined by the change in the load torque corresponding to the detection of the workpiece layer, there is no need to use special means to determine the start of processing, as a result of which the cost of the drilling device can be reduced. In addition, there is no need to calculate and adjust the distance between the initial position of the tool and the part in the feed direction, and it is also not necessary to set the feed quantity until the contact between the part and the tool, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

The invention, according to paragraph 3 of the formula, is a method of regulating the drilling process according to paragraph 1 or 2 of the formula, characterized in that the hole 70 is through, passing through part 50, 60, two or more processed layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b the parts include a final processing layer 56a, 61b, in which an outlet 71 of the hole 70 is formed, the engine control process includes a step 815, S21 of determining a position preceding the immediate exit of the part, at which the moment the tool 4 is located in Ra, prior to its direct exit from the final processing layer 56a, 61b of part 50, 60, a step S25 for determining the end position of the machining, at which the end position Pf is determined, where tool 4 exits part 50, 60 and where the drilling process ends, and step S24 of decreasing the feed rate, at which the feed rate F is reduced compared to the working feed rate during processing of the final layer 56a, 61b, and the control system 15 controls the parameters of the motors 7, 8, when With a otorium, the tool 4 moves with a low feed rate in the working direction from the position Pa preceding the immediate exit from the part to the end position Pf.

According to the above, the movement of the tool in the final machined layer of the part from the position immediately preceding the immediate exit of the part to the end position of processing from the outside of the part is progressive and is performed at a low feed rate, which, therefore, can prevent the deterioration of the surface quality, accompanied by the formation of burrs, nicks and etc. in the final processed layer of the part in the place of exit of the hole, and which is characterized by an improvement in the accuracy of processing of the part in which the hole is formed.

The invention, according to claim 4, is a method for regulating a drilling process according to claim 3, characterized in that step S15, S21 of determining a position preceding the immediate exit of the part includes a step S15 of detecting a work-over layer 56a, 61b on which the work-up is detected the final layer, and step S21 detect the decrease in the load torque at which the fact of reducing the load torque T with a predetermined pace sludge is established and with an even higher rate compared to it, the control system 15 recognizes the moment when the tool 4 is in position Ra, preceding the immediate exit from the part, upon the fact that the load torque T decreases with a predetermined rate or a higher rate compared to it in the final processing layer 56a, 61b in step S15, S21 of determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part.

According to the above, in a part containing two or more processed layers, the final processed layer is automatically determined at the stage of detection of the processed layer of the part, and the position of the tool, which precedes the direct exit of the part in the processed final layer, is determined by the registration of the load torque used for detection processed final layer, while there is no need for special tools to determine preceding the direct exit from the part, which reduces the cost of the device for drilling. In addition, there is no need to set the feed rate to determine the position preceding the immediate exit from the part, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

The invention, according to paragraph 5 of the formula, is a method of regulating the drilling process according to one of paragraphs 1-4 of the formula, characterized in that in a sequential arrangement of adjacent processing layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b of the part, in which the drilling of the previous and the subsequent layers from the number of processed layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b alternately, the process of adjusting the parameters of the engines includes a step S16, 817 to reduce the axial force at which the feed rate during processing of the subsequent layer of the part, respectively corresponding to a reduced axial force, less than the feed rate F during processing of the previous layer of the part in order to reduce the axial force of the tool 4 when increasing the load torque T to a predetermined value or to an even higher value compared to it during drilling of the previous machined layer of the part.

According to the foregoing, in view of the fact that the axial force of the drill transmitted to the next machined layer of the part, on the basis of the parameters of the specified operating mode set at the stage of selecting the operating mode, is reduced compared with the axial force corresponding to the feed rate in the previous machined layer of the part, in order to bring in accordance with the value of the reduced axial force, the deformation of the subsequent machined layer of the part, which may occur under the action of excessive axial force, and the formation of delamination between the previous workpiece layer and the subsequent workpiece layer can be prevented, which is characterized by an improvement in the quality of the part in which the hole is formed.

The invention, according to paragraph 6 of the formula, is a method of regulating the drilling process according to one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the corresponding processing layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a are determined by the control system 15 in step S13, S18 of detecting the workpiece layer, 61b details based on a comparison of the absolute value of the coefficient DT of the change in the load torque expressing the relative change in the load torque T over a certain period of time, with a predetermined coefficient load torque change factor.

According to the foregoing, in view of the fact that the workpiece layer is determined on the basis of a change in the value of the load torque change coefficient, which expresses the relative change in the load torque over a certain period of time, and not on the basis of the absolute value of the load torque, the highest detection accuracy of the workpiece layer is provided even in case of tool wear due to its continuous operation.

The invention, according to paragraph 7 of the formula, is a method of regulating the drilling process according to one of paragraphs 1-6 of the formula, characterized in that when the tool is fed during the formation of the hole with a periodic output of the drill, depending on the characteristics of the processed layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a , 61b the details of the control system 15 provide for setting the ratio between the load torque and the processing time, and based on the change in the load torque T in the process of hole formation over a period By the output of the drill by the control system 15, a contact is detected between the part 50, 60 and the tool 4.

According to the foregoing, in view of the fact that even if it is necessary to form a deep hole part in at least one of the two or more processed layers, the hole is formed with a periodic output of a drill for chip removal, which makes it possible to perform high-precision drilling of a part containing areas from a predefined quantities of materials with different properties. In addition, since the contact between the part and the tool, caused by the resumption of the drilling process, is determined by the load torque, there is no need to set the feed until the contact between the part and the tool, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

The invention, according to paragraph 8 of the formula, is a method of regulating the drilling process according to one of paragraphs 1-7 of the formula, characterized in that when controlling the parameters of the engines 7, 8 by the control system 15, the spindle speed S or the feed rate F in the processed layers 51a-56a , 61a, 62a, 61b of the workpiece corresponding to the moment immediately after the detection of the workpiece layer of the workpiece in step S13, S18 of detection of the workpiece layer of the workpiece gradually increases or gradually decreases compared to the frequency S is rotated I spindle or a speed F feed, corresponding to the moment immediately before the receipt of the relevant data at step S13, S18 detect the treated layer parts to a predetermined frequency value spindle rotation S1-S6 or speed setpoint F1-F6 feed set in step S14 the operating mode.

According to the above, at the beginning of the drilling process of the workpiece layer of the part at the stage of detecting the workpiece layer, the spindle speed or feed rate in the workpiece layer of the part reaches a predetermined value after a gradual change from the actual value at the moment immediately before receiving the corresponding data at the stage of detection of the workpiece layer of the part, which characterized by an increase in the accuracy of hole formation in the part and an improvement in the quality of this part.

The invention, according to paragraph 9 of the formula, is a drilling device comprising a tool 4 for forming holes in a part 50, 60, motors 7, 8, providing relative rotational movement and relative translational movement of the part 50, 60 and tool 4, and a control system 15 providing control of the parameters of the engines 7, 8, and the part 50, 60 contains a predetermined number of individual areas 51-56, 61, 62, consisting of materials with different properties, the control system 15 contains environments TWA 22 for measuring the load torque, which measures the load torque T on the tool 4, means 31 for determining the start time of processing, which determines the start time of processing the part 50, 60 by drilling, means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the part, which, based on the moment of start of processing and changing the load torque T, two or more regions 51-56, 61, 62 of the part are determined in the order of their machining by drilling, corresponding to two or more machined layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b d details following each other in the feed direction, which is the direction of translational movement, means 34 for selecting the operating mode, which set the values of the spindle speed S and feed speed F, taking into account the properties of the materials that make up the processed layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b of the part defined by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the part, and means 41, 42 for controlling the drives that control the parameters of the motors 7, 8 to provide rotational movement with the spin speed S ator and translational movement at a speed of feed F, whereby forming is carried out through hole 70 in two or more processed layers 51a-56a, 61a, 62a, 61b by means of the tool parts 4.

The foregoing may be characterized by actions and effects similar to those set forth in paragraph 1 of the claims of the present invention.

The technical result of the invention

According to the present invention, automatic recognition of two or more machined layers of the part in which the hole is formed, which allows you to make holes in the part containing many adjacent areas that differ in material properties, simplifies the drilling process in the operating mode specified for each the processed layer of the part, and also provides increased processing performance.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, the cost of the drilling apparatus can be reduced, and the quality characteristics of the part in which the hole is formed can be improved.

Brief Description of the Drawings

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a drilling apparatus as part of an embodiment of the present invention, with FIG. 1A showing a front view of a main part of a drilling apparatus, FIG. 1B is a view of a main part of a drilling apparatus shown in FIG. 1A in a viewing direction corresponding to the direction of arrow b.

FIG. 2 shows an explanatory view of the part being machined by the drilling apparatus shown in FIG. 1, wherein FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the part; FIG. 2B is an enlarged view of the area around the cutting edge of the drill shown in FIG. 2A, on figs shows data on the material of each processed layer of the part, the specified values of the spindle speed and feed speed.

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of the main part of the control panel of the drilling device shown in figure 1.

Figure 4 shows a fragment of a flowchart illustrating the main part of the process of controlling the parameters of the engines using the control panel of the drilling device shown in figure 1.

Figure 5 shows a fragment corresponding to the continuation and end of the flowchart, the beginning of which is shown in figure 4.

Fig.6 shows a separate image of the processed device for drilling parts shown in figa.

The implementation of the invention

The following is a description of an embodiment of the present invention with reference to FIGS. 1-6.

Figure 1 shows a drilling device 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a drilling machine 2, including a table 3, on which a part 50 is located and fixed, a drill 4 used as a tool for forming a through hole 70 in the part 50, and the control system 15 of the drilling machine 2. The control system 15 includes a control panel 16 containing a central processor, an operator panel 17 for entering operating parameters, including for setting the operating mode drilling machine 2 and the installation parts 50. parameters entered via the operator panel 17 the operating parameters stored in the memory 15 of the control system.

In addition to the mounting table 3 and drill 4, the drilling machine 2 contains a headstock 5, fixed to the frame or robot (not shown) and attached to the frame or to the robot, bearing a block in the form of a slider 6, which can move along the guides (not shown) installed in headstock 5, and make a reciprocating motion along a path parallel to the feed direction, the spindle motor 7, which is a spindle drive motor mounted on a slider 6 and imparts rotational movement to the drill 4, the feed motor 8, representing the first is the feed drive motor, which informs the translational movement of the slider 6 in the feed direction, the mechanical transmission of the spindle 9, transmitting the rotation of the spindle motor 7 to the drill 4, and the mechanical transmission 10 of the feed assembly, which informs the driving force of the feed motor 8 to the slider 6.

The slider 6, both engines 7, 8 and both mechanical gears 9, 10 are located inside the headstock 5. The drill 4 is mounted on the slider 6, connected to the spindle motor 7 through the spindle mechanical gear 9 and is driven in the feed direction by the feed motor 8 together with the slider 6, a spindle motor 7 and a mechanical transmission 9 of the spindle.

In this case, the feed direction is parallel to the axis of rotation of the drill 4, which coincides with the axis of the spindle 9a, which is part of the mechanical transmission 9 of the spindle, and the feed direction includes both the working direction (drilling direction) and the tool retraction direction, opposite to the drilling direction.

The spindle motor 7 provides the relative rotational movement of the drill 4 and the part 50 by informing the drill 4 of the rotational cutting movement, and the feed motor 8 provides the relative translational movement of the drill 4 and the part 50 by communicating the drill 4 of the feed motion. In this case, the spindle motor 7 and the feed motor 8 perform the functions of the drive system of the drilling machine 2.

In addition, the feed motor 8 includes a torque limiter 8a that limits the torque on the shaft of the feed motor 8. The torque limiter 8a can change the value of the upper limit of the load moment by adjusting the force (for example, the strength of the magnetic field) to set the limit value of the load moment.

The mechanical transmission 9 of the spindle includes a spindle 9a connected to the rotating shaft of the spindle motor 7 and a chuck 9b mounted on the protruding end of the spindle, which can rotate together with the spindle 9a and a removable drill fixed thereon 4. The motor 7 and the spindle 9a are located inside the headstock 6 having a cylindrical shape.

The mechanical transmission 10 of the feed unit is a ball screw 10b, consisting of a lead screw 10 s connected to the rotating shaft of the feed engine 8 through a gear 10a, and a rolling nut 10d mounted on the lead screw 10 s, as well as a carrier 10e connected to the slider 6 and moved in the feed direction together with the rolling nut 10d, while the mechanical transmission 10 of the feed unit converts the rotational movement of the feed motor 8 into the translational movement of the slider 6, spindle motor 7, spindle 9a, chuck 9b and drill 4 in The direction of flow. Accordingly, the drill 4, driven by the feed motor 8, can be moved by the maximum stroke A in the feed direction. 1B, dashed lines show partial contours of the drill 4, chuck 9b and slide 6 in a position corresponding to the maximum stroke A.

Figures 1 and 2 show a part 50, which is a composite product having a layered structure and consisting of many layers 51-56, in this case of six, differing in the properties of the material, and six layers 51-56 of the part are arranged in order of priority drilling. Layers 51-56 of the part one through six are adjacent to each other and contact each other in the feed direction of the drill 4 in the following order: layer 51 with layer 52, layer 52 with layer 53, layer 53 with layer 54, layer 54 with layer 55, layer 55 with layer 56.

The first, third and fifth layers 51, 53, 55 of the part are made of titanium or a titanium alloy (in Fig. 2C, titanium is indicated as the material of these layers), which is the first metal and represents the first material, the second and sixth layers 52, 56 of the part made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy (in FIG. 2C, aluminum is indicated as the material of these layers), which is the second metal and is the second material, and the fourth part layer 54 is made of composite material, in this case, carbon fiber reinforced plastic stick that is not metal and is the third material.

In addition, six part layers 51-56 respectively comprise six machined layers 51a-56a, which are regions of the part in which the hole 70 is formed. Thus, each of the six machined part layers 51a-56a is adjacent to the hole 70 the area of the part 50 in which the hole 70 is formed.

It should be noted that the combination of two or more materials with different properties from which the part is made can be arbitrary, while the combination of types of materials of the processed layers of the part adjacent to each other in the feed direction can also be arbitrary.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the distance from the starting position Ps from which the drill 4 begins the working movement for the drilling process to the end position Pf, at which the drilling process ends and the working movement of the drill 4 ends, corresponds to the working stroke B, and the range of the working stroke B includes the part 50, the approach layer Ls limited by the initial position Ps of the drill 4 (which is the position of the beginning of the working movement) and the contact point of the drill 4 with the first processed layer 51a of the part 50, and the layer Lf is the exit from the part with the working movement, which the drill 4 extends from the sixth processed layer 56a of the part 50 after exiting the sixth processed layer 56a to the end position Pf (which is the end position of the working movement). The approach layer Ls and the exit layer Lf of the part with the working movement are outside the part (in the air), are not processed layers and are not equivalent to the processed layers of the part 50.

In addition, the hole 70 passes through six machined part layers 51a-56a through the first machined layer 51a to the sixth machined part layer 56a. Thus, the first processing layer 51a is the initial processing layer from which the drilling process of the part 50 begins, and the sixth processing layer 56a is the final processing layer in which the outlet 71 of the hole 70 of the part 50 is formed and the drilling process ends.

Figure 3 shows the control panel 16 (see figure 1), containing a measuring unit 20, recording the state of the drilling machine 2, and a control unit 30, regulating the parameters of the respective engines 7, 8.

The measuring unit 20 contains means 21 for measuring the position of the working body when feeding, which records the position of the drill 4 (or spindle 9a), which is the working body, in the feed direction, means 22 for measuring the load torque, which records the load torque T on the drill 4 in the supply process, means 23 for measuring the spindle speed, which records the speed of the spindle motor 7, corresponding to the rotational speed S of the drill 4 (or spindle 9a), rotates effective movement (see FIG. 2C), and means 24 for measuring the feed rate, which records the rotational speed of the feed motor 8, corresponding to the feed rate of the drill 4 (or spindle 9a) (see FIG. 2C).

Means 22 for measuring the load torque are recorded electric current value corresponding to the value of the control signal of the feed motor 8 (hereinafter referred to as the "value of the electric current of the engine"), and recorded load torque T on the drill 4. In particular, the magnitude of the electric current of the engine is sampled for a certain number of samples at each predefined time interval, while the average value of the load torque T is calculated by the method moving average for the entire number of samples.

Means 21 for measuring the position of the working body (see also figure 2), which are, for example, an encoder, registers the initial position Ps (beginning) and registers the position of the drill 4 in the feed direction relative to the initial position Ps. In this case, the initial position Ps is set in advance as the position at which the distal end 4a of the drill 4 is spaced apart from the part 50 in the direction of supply to the predetermined distance Ds of the approach to the part 50. In addition, the position of the end of processing Pf is recorded by means 21 for measuring the position of the working body. corresponding to completion of drilling. According to this embodiment, the end position Pf is a position in which the distal end 4a of the drill 4, which has passed through the part 50, is spaced apart from the part 50 in the feed direction to a predetermined exit distance Df from the part 50.

In this embodiment, the position of the drill 4 in the feed direction corresponds to the position in the feed direction of the carrier 10e, slide 6 and spindle 9a (see FIG. 1) moving together with the drill 4 in the feed direction.

The control unit 30 contains means 31 for determining the start time of the processing, which determines the start time for processing the part 50, 60 by drilling based on the registration of the contact between the part 50 and the drill 4, means 32 for calculating the coefficient of change of the load torque, which calculates the coefficient DT of the change in the load torque moment T based on the value of the load torque T recorded by means 22 for measuring the load torque, means 33 for detecting the machining part layer, which, based on a change in the load torque T recorded by the means 22 for measuring the load torque, detects two or more process layers of the part 50, represented in this embodiment, six process layers 51a-56a in six regions 51-56 parts, and in this case, six processed layers 51a-56a are located in the feed and drilling direction, means 34 for selecting the operating mode, by which the operating mode parameters are selected, including High frequency of the spindle rotation speed S and feed rate F, and these operating parameters are set in accordance with the characteristics of the materials that make up the workpiece layers 51a-56a of the part, means 35 for implementing the hole formation process with periodic drill output, means 36 for determining the reduction state axial force, which records the operating state in which the axial force imparted by the drill 4 of the part 50 in the feed direction should be reduced, means 37 for determining the position preceding the direct exit from the part, which determines the fact that the drill 4 was in the drilling direction in the feed direction in position Pa, preceding the direct exit from the part 50, means 38 for changing measurement parameters that change the measurement parameters of the load torque T registered by means 22 for measuring the load torque, depending on the state of the drilling machine 2, means 41 for controlling the spindle drive, including an inverter and regulation the speed of the spindle motor 7 (respectively, the spindle speed S), and means 42 for controlling the feed drive, including a servo drive and controlling the speed of the feed motor 8 (respectively, feed speed F).

In this case, the means for controlling the drives are means 41 for controlling the spindle drive and means 42 for controlling the feed drive for adjusting the parameters of the spindle motor 7 and the feed motor 8, respectively, in order to obtain the values of the spindle speed S and the feed speed F specified by the means 34 to select the operating mode.

The operator panel 17 (see FIGS. 1A and 2), which may be, for example, a sensor, includes a start / stop switch, an input unit and a display unit. Using the input unit, the operator enters data on the part 50, including information on the location of the six machined layers 51a-56a of the part 50, in which the hole 70 is formed, data on the operating mode of drilling, including the spindle speed S, feedrate F and etc., and also sets the values of the operating data, including information about the position of the working body in the feed direction, including the initial position Ps, position Pf of the end of the processing, the position of the tool outlet when drilling with the periodic output of the drill.

In this case, information about the location of the processed layers 51-56a of the part 50 is data on the alternation order of these processed layers in the feed direction. In addition, information on the operating state of the drilling device 1 should also be included in the parameters of the operating mode when it does not perform actual drilling during operation of the drilling machine 2.

The predetermined spindle speed is one of the specified spindle rotation frequencies S1-S6, each of which relates to one of the respective processing layers 51a-56a of the part 50, in which a hole is formed with a drill 4, the specified spindle speed Sf immediately before exiting the part , which corresponds to the spindle speed during drilling of the through hole immediately before the tool leaves the part, the specified spindle speed Ss when approaching the part during the back-up process and the tool to the workpiece spindle and a predetermined rotational speed when returning to the starting position, which corresponds to the spindle rotation frequency for retraction to the starting position. The spindle speed when approaching the part is higher than the working spindle speed when drilling the processed layers 51a-56a of the part 50.

In this case, the process of drilling a through hole just before the tool leaves the part is a process that begins when the drill 4 is in position Ra, preceding the direct exit from the part, and ends when the drill 4 reaches the end position Pf; the approach process is a process starting at the moment the drill 4 is in the initial position Ps and ending at the moment the tool touches the part 50; the resetting process is a process starting at the moment the drill 4 is in the end position Pf and ending at the moment the tool returns to the initial position Ps.

In addition, the predetermined feedrate is one of the predetermined feedrate speeds F1-F6, each of which relates to one of the respective processing layers 51a-56a of the part 50, in which a hole 4 is formed with a drill 4, the predetermined low feedrate speed Ff immediately before the exit from the part that corresponds to the feed in the process of drilling a through hole immediately before the tool leaves the part, the set feed speed Fs when approaching the part in the process of bringing the tool to the part set feed rate when returning to the starting position, which corresponds to the feed rate for retracting the tool to the starting position, the specified speed of the working feed with decreasing axial force, which corresponds to the speed of the working feed when decreasing the axial force and limiting the axial force communicated by the drill 4 parts, the specified retraction speed tool in the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill and a given feed rate when approaching the part in the process of forming a hole with periodic drill water, in which the drill 4 makes a direct and return movement.

The feedrate when approaching the part, the feedrate when returning to the starting position, the feedrate when approaching the part during hole formation with periodic drill output, tool retraction speed during hole formation with periodic drill output is higher than any of the working feed speeds. The feed rate Fs when approaching the part, the feed rate for approaching the tool to the starting position, the feed speed when approaching the part in the process of forming a hole with periodic drill output and the tool removal speed in the process of forming a hole with periodic drill output can coincide with each other and can be equal to the maximum speed of the feed motor 8.

At the same time, the low feedrate is less than the feedrate when drilling the sixth machined layer 56a, which is the final machined layer, and the feedrate when decreasing axial force is less than any of the feedrate.

On figs in parentheses shows the numerical values given as examples of the values of the frequencies 81-S6 rotation of the spindle and the values of the speeds F1-F6 feed.

The following is a description of the control unit 30 with reference to figures 2 and 3.

Means 31 for determining the start of processing, the contact between the drill 4 and the workpiece 50 is detected by the load torque T registered by the means 22 for measuring the load torque. In particular, when the load torque T reaches a predetermined value corresponding to the start of processing, or if it is exceeded due to the contact of the drill 4 with the first layer being processed 51a, in which the drill 4 leaves the state characterized by zero load torque T, in the process of overcoming the drill 4 the distance Ds of the approach to the part in the feed direction after the beginning of the movement of the tool from the initial position Ps to the position in which the contact with the part 50 occurs, the contact between the drill is recorded 4 and detail 50 and, accordingly, the beginning of processing (at the time of the beginning of cutting).

The load torque torque change factor ΔT is calculated based on the value of the last load torque T recorded by means 22 for measuring the load torque (hereinafter referred to as the “last load torque”) and the value of the load torque T recorded immediately before the value of the last load torque T (hereinafter referred to as the "previous load torque"), more precisely, this ratio is equal to the ratio of the change in load torque (i.e., the difference between the value of the last load torque and the value of the previous load torque) to the value of the previous load torque.

Means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the workpiece determines the first workpiece layer 51a of the workpiece at the time of the start of processing, which is recorded by means 31 for determining the time of the start of processing. In addition, with the sequential arrangement of two adjacent processing layers (for example, the first and second processing layers 51a, 52a, the second and third processing layers 52a, 53a, the third and fourth processing layers 53a, 54a, etc.) details 50 in which the drilling of the previous layer (for example, the first processed layer 51a) and the subsequent layer (for example, the second processed layer 52a) takes place alternately after determining the first processed layer 51a, means 33 for detecting the processed layer and the fact of the transition from the previous processed layer to the next processed layer adjacent to it in the order of the drilling process is recorded, in which the absolute value of the coefficient ΔT of the change in the load torque during drilling in the operating mode corresponding to the drilling of the previous processed layer changed to the value of the specified coefficient ΔT of change load torque or an even higher value with respect to the load torque T on the drill 4, located in cession of the previous drilling of the workpiece layer.

In addition, the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the part determine the workable layers 52a-56a of the part, from the second to the sixth (as well as the layers 52-56 of the part from the second to the sixth), that is, the remaining five processed layers of the part 50, different from the first processed layer 51a, based on the number of cases of a change in the load torque T by the value of a predetermined coefficient of change or an even higher value after recording the moment of processing start by means 31 for determining the moment of the start of processing and based on aspolozheniya processed layers 51a-56a of member 50 defined by means of the operator panel 17.

Thus, based on the registration data of transitions between the first and second process layers 51a, 52a, between the second and third process layers 52a, 53a, between the third and fourth process layers 53a, 54a, between the fourth and fifth process layers 54a, 55a, between the fifth and sixth processed layers 55a, 56a sequentially carry out the detection processes of the processed layers 52a-56a of the part 50, different from the first processed layer 51a, and the corresponding processed layers 51a-56a of the part 50 are determined in order IAOD during drilling.

In other words, with regard to the workpiece layers 52a-56a that are different from the first workpiece layer 51a, based on the change in the load torque T on the drill 4 when drilling the previous workpiece layer, in which successive transitions occur between the workable layers 51a and 52a, 52a and 53a, 53a and 54a, 54a and 55a, 55a and 56a, pairwise contacting each other in the feed direction, subsequent processing layers are determined that follow the previous layers of the part, and these detection processes are repeated I, until the next processed layer becomes final (in this embodiment, this is the sixth processed layer 56a of the part).

In this case, the predetermined coefficient of change in the load torque is determined in advance based on the characteristics of the materials of the respective workpiece layers 51a-56a by a combination of the previous machined layers and subsequent machined layers.

After the workpiece layers 51a-56a are detected by means 33 for detecting the workable layer of the part, the set values of the spindle speed S and the feed rate F are extracted from the memory of the system 15 for selecting the operating mode, which are then set to drill the processed layers 51a-56a details, with each of these layers being processed corresponds to one of the values S1-S6 of the working spindle speed and one of the values F1-F6 of the working feed speed at which The drilling of the corresponding layer from among the processed layers 51a-56a of the part is carried out with the specified parameters of the corresponding operating mode.

For a pair of the previous machined layer and the subsequent machined layer of the part, means 36 for determining the state of axial force reduction are determined by the working state at which the load torque T registered by means 22 for measuring the load torque is equal to a predetermined torque to reduce axial force during drilling previous processed layer or more of it. After registration by means 36 for determining the state of axial force reduction, the value of the applied torque T applied to the drill 4 equal to a predetermined torque for decreasing or exceeding the axial force, means 34 for selecting the operating mode sets the feedrate F to reduce the axial force, which is lower predetermined working feed rate corresponding to the drilling of the previous workpiece layer.

This feed rate is set to reduce the axial force in order to prevent deformation of the subsequent machined layer of the part based on the characteristics of the material and the thickness of the subsequent machined layer, the feed rate F in the previous machined layer, etc.

In addition, for the hole forming process with periodic drill bit output using the operator panel 17, with respect to each of the processed layers 51a-53a, 55a, 56a, with the exception of the fourth processed layer 54a made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic, the initial conditions representing the values of the load torque and processing time during the formation of the hole with a periodic output of the drill when drilling the corresponding machined with Oev 51a-56a of the details.

When registering the load torque T during the formation of the hole with the periodic output of the drill by means 22 for measuring the load torque and registering the fact of the expiration of the processing time for forming the hole with the periodic output of the drill by means for measuring time (not shown) using the measuring unit 20 by means of 35 for the implementation of the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, the moment of occurrence of the initial condition for the implementation of the process is recorded drilling holes with a periodic output of the drill.

In addition, after registration by means of 35 for the implementation of the hole forming process with periodic drill output, the initial condition for the hole forming process with periodic drill output by means of 34 for selecting the operating mode is set, the feed speed F for the drill outlet and the working feed speed for approach details for implementing the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, while the spindle speed S remains at the same level adannoy working spindle speed drilling processed items layer when forming the hole peck drill.

Further, in the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill based on a change in the load torque T recorded by means 22 for measuring the load torque, by means of determining a restart of the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, a contact is detected between the drill 4 and part 50. In particular, when the load torque T during the approach of the tool to the part when forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill is predefined the value for the hole formation process with periodic drill output or when this value is exceeded due to contact between the drill 4 and the workpiece layer at the moment of the start of movement for tool removal during hole formation with the periodic drill output by means of determining the restart of the hole formation process with the drill periodic output the fact of contact between the drill 4 and workpiece 50 is recorded and, therefore, the fact of restarting the drilling process.

In this process of forming a hole with a periodic outlet of the drill, the initial position Ps corresponding to the position of the periodic outlet of the drill 4 is set. Otherwise, the position of the outlet of the drill when forming the hole with a periodic outlet of the drill can be set so that the distal end 4a of the drill is inside the part 50 or closer to the surface of the part 50 than the initial position Ps.

When the drill 4 approaches the position Ra preceding the immediate exit from the part 50, due to a decrease in the thickness of the remaining machined part of the sixth machined layer 56a, which is the final machined layer, the load torque T decreases. Thus, when the sixth workpiece layer 56a is detected by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer and after the fact of reducing the DT coefficient of the change in the load torque calculated by the means 32 for calculating the coefficient of change in the load torque based on the value of the load torque T with a predetermined pace or with a pace even higher than that of means 37 for determining the position preceding the immediate exit from Details are recorded the fact of the drill in position 4 Pa preceding immediate exit from the workpiece. The predetermined rate of reduction of the load torque is obtained empirically and by simulation based on the characteristics of the material from which the sixth part layer 56a is made, the working spindle speed and feed rate for the sixth processed layer 56a, the thickness of the part remaining for processing, etc. .

In addition, after registering by means 37 for determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part, the fact that the drill 4 is in the position preceding the direct exit from the part, means 34 for selecting the operating mode sets the spindle speed S and the feed speed F6 corresponding to the position, previous direct exit from the part, and the speed F6 of the working feed corresponds to a low feed speed Ff. Although in this embodiment, the predetermined spindle speed corresponding to the position preceding the immediate exit of the part remains at the level 86 of the spindle speed for the sixth processing layer 56a, in another case, it may be lower than the predetermined spindle speed S6, in which case the effect of preventing the formation of objects that degrade the quality of the part is enhanced.

In this case, objects that degrade the quality of the part include burrs, scuffs and delaminations, described below, as well as other surface defects that occur when the drill 4 leaves the part 50 when a through hole is formed in it.

The low feed rate Ff is set to prevent the appearance of objects that degrade the quality of the part, and is set based on the characteristics of the sixth workpiece layer 56a of the part. In addition, after the drill 4 leaves the part 50, when a through hole is formed in it, the low feed rate Ff is kept constant until the tool reaches the end position Pf of the machining. In another embodiment, in order to prevent the appearance of objects that degrade the quality of the part, the low feed rate Ff can also vary in a range whose upper boundary is lower than the level of the specified working feed rate for the sixth workpiece layer 56a when moving the tool from the position Ra preceding the immediate exit from the part to the end position Pf. For example, increasing the low feed rate can reduce processing time and prevent the appearance of objects that degrade the quality of the part.

In addition, the means 34 for selecting the operating mode sets the feedrate F corresponding to the feedrate Fs when approaching the part during the tool approach to the part, and also sets the feedrate F corresponding to the tool retraction speed when the drill 4 returns to its original position after reaching the position Pf of the end of processing.

The means 41 for controlling the spindle drive provide for the control of the parameters of the feedback spindle motor 7, while the drill 4 is notified of the rotational movement with a predetermined spindle speed S1-86 based on the value of the spindle speed recorded by the means 23 for measuring the spindle speed. Similarly, the means 42 for controlling the feed drive provide for the control of the parameters of the feed motor 8 with feedback, while the drill 4 is notified of the progressive movement at a given feed speed based on the feed speed recorded by the feed speed measuring means 24.

In addition, immediately after the detection of the processed layers 51a-56a by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer by means 41 for controlling the spindle drive and means 42 for controlling the feed drive, the parameters of the respective motors 7, 8 are regulated, at least one of the frequency S spindle rotation or feedrate F - can be set to be different from the setpoint for the working frequency S1-S6 spindle or setpoint for the F1-F6 speed of the feedrate for machined layers 51A-56a (hereinafter, this function is called "control with a change in active speed parameters").

In particular, the corresponding motors 7, 8 are controlled by changing the active speed parameters, while moving the drill 4 in the approach layer Ls to contact the workpiece 50 and when drilling (i.e., when it touches) the workpiece 50 (in this case, the first the processed layer 51a) at least one of the values — spindle speed S or feedrate F — decreases from the set value of the spindle speed Ss when approaching or from the set value of the feed speed Fs when approaching the part to the part in the layer Ls to dvaritelno predetermined spindle speed value or a predetermined value the feed rate accordingly, and then gradually increased to a predetermined value S1 operating frequency of the spindle rotation speed setpoint or operating feed F1 of the first layer of processed parts 51a, respectively.

In this case, a predetermined spindle speed below a predetermined spindle speed Ss when approaching the part and a predetermined working spindle speed 81 for the first workpiece layer 51a, and a predetermined feed rate is less than a predetermined feed speed Fs when approaching the part and a predetermined speed F1 working feed.

In addition, in another embodiment, after detecting the first processing layer 51a by means 33 for detecting the processing layer of the part, control can be applied with a change in the active speed parameters after the drill 4 is withdrawn from the part by a predetermined distance (for example, 1 mm).

Further, during the transition from the processing of a layer with high rigidity to the processing of a layer with low rigidity during the drilling process, the parameters of the motors 7, 8 are adjusted with the active speed parameters changing, at least one of the values - spindle rotation speed S or feed speed F - is gradually increases depending on the amount of stiffness.

In addition, during the transition from drilling of a layer with low rigidity to processing of a layer with high rigidity during the drilling process, the parameters of the motors 7, 8 are adjusted with the active speed parameters changing, at least one of the values - spindle speed S or feed speed F - gradually decreases depending on the amount of stiffness.

Management with change of active speed parameters at the beginning of drilling

In addition, in this embodiment, when the drilling means 41 for controlling the spindle drive are started, the parameters of the spindle motor 7 are adjusted to change the active speed parameters, the spindle speed S for the first processing layer 51a immediately after being detected by the processing layer detection means 33 parts decreases to a predetermined value of the spindle speed, which is lower than the specified value Ss of the spindle speed pr approach to the workpiece and the set value S1 of the working spindle speed, and then gradually increases from the predetermined spindle speed value to the set value S1 of the working spindle speed set for the first layer 51a of processed items. In another embodiment, at the start of drilling and control with changing active speed parameters, the spindle speed S can be set immediately as the spindle operating frequency S1 without passing through an intermediate value of a predetermined spindle speed.

Similarly, at the start of drilling with the means 42 for controlling the feed drive, the parameters of the feed motor 8 are adjusted to change the active speed parameters, and the feed rate F for the first processing layer 51a decreases to a predetermined feedrate value that is lower than the feedrate setpoint Fs at approach to the part, after which it gradually increases from the preset value of the feedrate to the setpoint F1 of the feedrate speed, set nnogo for the first layer 51a of processed items.

Management with change of active speed parameters during drilling

In addition, during the drilling process by means of 41 for controlling the spindle drive, the parameters of the spindle motor 7 are regulated with the active speed parameters changing, while the spindle speed S for the processed layers 52a-56a immediately after being detected by the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer gradually increases ( that is, a gradual increase in its value occurs) or gradually decreases (that is, a gradual decrease in its value occurs) from a predetermined values of S1-S5 working spindle rotation frequency, which corresponds to the frequency of rotation of the spindle S immediately before the detection of the processed layer means 33 for detecting the processed layer parts to a predetermined value S2-S6 spindle rotation frequency set for processed layers 52a-56a is part.

Similarly, in the process of drilling with the means 42 for controlling the feed drive, the parameters of the feed motor 8 are adjusted with the active speed parameters changing, the feed rate F for the processed layers 52a-56a immediately after being detected by the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer gradually increases or gradually decreases from the set value F1-F5 of the feedrate, which corresponds to the feedrate F immediately before the detection of the feed the layer by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer being processed, or from a predetermined feed rate to reduce the axial force to a predetermined working feed speed value F2-F6 set for the workpiece layers 52a-56a to be processed.

In addition, the set pace at which the spindle rotation speed S or the feed rate F gradually increases or decreases, is caused by the need to increase the processing accuracy taking into account the specified spindle speed, the given feed speed, the characteristics of the material from which the processed layers 51a-56a are made ( e.g. stiffness), etc.

For example, the spindle speed S and the feed rate F for the six workpiece layers 51a-56a being processed under active speed control are set based on the values of the set spindle speed and the set feed speed for the approach layer Ls immediately before the workpiece layers 51a-56a are detected , from the first to the sixth, by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer to be processed, and for the workpiece layers 51a-55a of the workpiece, from the first to fifth, during drilling (which corresponds to the previous machining washable layers from each pair of processed layers adjacent to each other in the drilling order), or based on the values of the specified spindle speed and the specified feed rate for the processed layers 51a-56a of the part, from the first to the sixth, immediately after their detection by means of detection 33 the processed layer of the part (which corresponds to the subsequent processed layers from each pair of processed layers adjacent to each other in the drilling order).

Thus, by an example of the values of a given spindle speed and a predetermined feed rate used as basic values for setting the spindle speed S and the feed rate F when controlling with changing active speed parameters, the values of the specified spindle speed and the given feed speed can also be constantly selected of the processed layer from a pair of processed layers, immediately before detection or immediately after detection by means 33 for detecting the processed layer parts, which is characterized by higher value of the given spindle speed and the desired flow rate (which corresponds to the processed layers of each pair being processed layers adjacent to each other in the drilling procedure).

In addition, as shown in FIG. 2B, the drill 4 has a tapered surface portion 4c, the outer diameter of which changes when moving from the far end 4a to the radial maximum point 4b of the cutting edge of the drill 4. Accordingly, if the height Lt of the portion 4c with the conical surface is less than the thickness of each of the processed layers 51a-56a, details, it is preferable that the control with a change in the active speed parameters is carried out for the corresponding processed layers 51a-56a in a predetermined range of high Lt s or even smaller range. Thus, when controlling with a change in active speed parameters when choosing a drill, it is necessary to take into account the thickness of the workpiece layers 51a-56a or select a drill 4 to process the workpiece 50 taking into account the thickness of the workable layers 51a-56a.

Further, means 42 for controlling the feed drive controls the increase in feed rate F and controls the limit value of the torque limiter 8a (see FIG. 1B).

In particular, at the beginning of the working movement from the initial position Ps of the drill 4, which was in the state of rotation stop, the increase in the feed rate F, carried out by the feed motor 8, is set at the level of increase in the feed speed when approaching the part, which is less than the level of increase in the feed speed when machining the part 50 by drilling (or by overcoming the Ls approach layer). Thus, a sharp increase in the electric current flowing through the windings of the feed motor 8 can be prevented.

In addition, to reduce the impact on the drill 4 at the moment of contact with the part 50 when approaching it (in the process of overcoming the layer Ls of the approach) or when approaching the part in the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, in which the drill 4 retracted from the part after the phase of the output of the drill is again fed to the part 50 until it comes into contact with it, the means 42 for controlling the feed drive in the torque limiter 8a set a limit value when approaching the part, which is less than the limit value when machining e part 50.

Means 38 for changing the measurement parameters that control the parameter registration function of means 22 for measuring the load torque change the number of samples at each given time interval when approaching the part in the process of overcoming the layer Ls of the approach or when approaching the part in the process of forming a hole with periodic output drill and is set smaller than the number of samples in the drilling process. Thus, due to the possibility of adjusting the sensitivity of the measuring means when registering the values of the electric current of the engine in contact between the drill 4 and the part 50 (respectively, it means adjusting the sensitivity when measuring the load torque T), the contact between the drill 4 and the part 50 can be detected more quickly, which characterized by more efficient control of the parameters of the spindle motor 7 and the feed motor 8.

In addition, by means 38 for changing measurement parameters, a filtering process is performed to prevent false detection of the treated layer by means of detecting the processed layer due to a sharp change in the electric current of the motor immediately after switching from one processed layer to another, in order to prevent false detection of the processed layer by means of detecting the processed layer due to a sharp change in the magnitude of the electric current of the motor directly but after the reverse of the feed motor in the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, in which there is a change in the direction of movement of the tool from the direction of removal of the drill to the direction of approach to the part, followed by a transition from one processed layer to another, accompanied by a change in the absolute value of the coefficient ΔT of change in load torque to a preset value or an even higher value.

This filtering process is designed to prevent the registration of certain values of the motor current or to exclude from the calculation the average value of some recorded values of the motor current. By excluding from the calculation the values of the motor current corresponding to noise by filtering some values of the motor current when measuring the load torque T, the accuracy of the means 22 for measuring the load torque is improved.

Figures 4 and 5, as well as additionally in Figs. 1-3, describe a drilling process control method implemented by a drilling device 1, in which the control system 15 controls the parameters of the spindle drive with the spindle motor 7 and the feed drive with the feed motor 8 .

Operating parameters, including operating mode parameters, for example, the location of the six machined layers 51a-56a of the part 50, as well as the spindle speed S, feedrate F, etc., are set using the operator panel 17, then the operation of the drilling machine 2 is started, then, in step S11, determining the load torque by means 22 for measuring the load torque during the drilling process, the load torque is constantly recorded on the drill 4.

Next, in step S12 of determining the start time of the processing by means 22 for measuring the load torque, the load torque T of the drill 4 is recorded, translationally moving through the approach layer Ls from the initial position Ps towards the part 50, while means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the part are set the fact that the load torque changes to a predetermined value or an even higher value to determine the moment of the start of processing. Means 31 for determining the moment of the start of processing, the contact between the drill 4 and part 50 is recorded, which corresponds to the beginning of the processing process by the drilling machine 2, while the load torque T reaches a predetermined value or a higher value corresponding to the start of processing, and the process of approaching details in which the value of the load torque T is less than a predetermined value corresponding to the start of processing.

Based on the data about the processing start time determined in step S12 by the means 31 for determining the start of the processing, in step S13 by the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer, the workpiece layer is determined, which is the first processing layer 51a, after which, in step S14, by means 34 to select the operating mode, the working spindle speed S1 and the working feed speed F1 for the first processing layer 51a are set. In addition, the means 41 for controlling the spindle drive and the means 42 for controlling the feed drive control the parameters of the spindle motor 7 and the feed motor 8, as a result of which the drill 4 moves with a given operating spindle speed S and a predetermined feed speed F1 and the first the processed layer 51a.

Next, in step S15, it is determined whether the workpiece layer detected in step S13 is final (i.e., the sixth workable layer 56a in this embodiment). In this case, since the layer to be treated is the first layer to be processed 51a and not the sixth layer to be processed 56a, the process proceeds to step S16, in which the means 36 for determining the state of axial force reduction are determined if the value of the load torque T on the drill 4 during the drilling of the first workpiece layer 51a, which is the previous workpiece layer, with a predetermined torque value to reduce axial force. If it is determined in step S17 that the load torque T on the drill 4 reaches a predetermined value to reduce the axial force, means 34 for selecting the operating mode sets a predetermined feed rate corresponding to a decrease in axial force, the value of which is less than the set value F1 of the working feed for the first the processed layer 51a, in order to prevent deformation of the second processed layer 52a, the occurrence of which is possible due to the action of the axial force imparted by the drill 4 this layer, which is the next processed layer.

If the value of the load torque T on the drill 4 during drilling of the first machined layer 51a is less than a predetermined value to reduce the axial force in step 816, the process proceeds to step S18, and it is determined by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer the absolute value of the coefficient DT changes in load torque calculated by means 32 for calculating the coefficient of change in load torque, a predetermined value, or even higher The values.

If the coefficient of change in the load torque ΔT is less than a predetermined value, the process proceeds to step S19, which determines whether the condition for starting the hole formation process with a periodic output of the drill is correct, and if it is true, then in step 20 the hole formation process with a periodic output is performed drill. If it is recorded in step S19 that the start condition of the hole formation process with the periodic output of the drill is not true, the process proceeds to step S16, after which the process goes through steps S16-S18 and the first processing layer 51a continues to be drilled.

If it is registered in step S18 that the absolute value of the load torque torque change coefficient ΔT has reached a predetermined value or even higher value, by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer in step S13, the fact of the transition from the first processing layer 51a to the second processing layer 52a is determined by means 34, for selecting the operating mode, a predetermined spindle speed S2 and a predetermined working feed speed F2 for the second processing layer 52a are set by means of 41 for I control the spindle drive, regulating the parameters of the spindle motor 7, and means 42 for controlling the feed drive, regulating the parameters of the feed motor 8, ensures the movement of the drill 4 with a given working spindle speed S2 and a predetermined working feed speed F2, while drilling is performed in step S14 second processing layer 52a.

After that, until the sixth processing layer 56a (which is the final processing layer) is detected in step 815, the process goes through steps S13-S20 sequentially, and the processing layers are subsequently detected up to the processing layers 53a-56a, from the third to the sixth.

In addition, it is determined in step S13 that the workpiece layer to be processed is the sixth (workable layer 56a), in step S15 it is determined that the current workpiece layer is final, and the process proceeds to step S21.

Thus, in steps S13, S18 of the detection of the workpiece layer, parts 51-56 of the workpiece 50 are detected with two or more workable layers 51a-56a located one after the other in the feed direction, the operation mode is set in step S14, including the spindle speed S and the feed rate F for the workpiece layers 51a-56a that were detected in step S13, S18 for detecting the workpiece. In addition, in steps S16, S17 of decreasing the axial force, a feed rate is set to reduce the axial force, which is less than the value of the working feed rate for the previous workpiece layer, in order to reduce the axial force imparted by the drill 4 to the subsequent workpiece layer.

At step 21, means 37 for determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part determines whether the coefficient ΔT of the change in the load torque corresponds to a predetermined reduction rate or an even higher rate, and if the load torque T does not decrease at a predetermined rate or at a faster pace, it is determined that the tool has not reached the position Ra preceding the immediate exit from the part, after which the process proceeds to step S22; if the condition of the beginning of the formation of the hole with the periodic output of the drill is true, then similarly to the processes in steps S19, S20, the formation of the hole with the periodic output of the drill is performed, and if the condition of the beginning of the formation of the hole with the periodic output of the drill is not true, then the sixth processed layer 56a is drilled with a given operating spindle speed S6 and a predetermined working feed speed F6, until it is determined in step S21 that the load torque T decreases from a predetermined nym pace or even faster, which corresponds to the achievement of a drill 4 positions Pa prior to the direct output of parts.

If it is determined in step S21 that the drill bit 4 reached the position Ra preceding the direct exit from the part, the process proceeds to step S24, the means 34 for selecting the operating mode set the feedrate F corresponding to the set value Ff of the low feedrate, while the feedrate F decreases from the set value F6 of the working feed speed to the set value Ff of the low feed speed, and the spindle speed S remains at the set level S6 of the working spindle speed.

The drill 4 continues to move at a predetermined low feed rate Ff until it reaches the end position Pf when drilling the sixth machined layer 56a and moves to the end position Pf after exiting hole 70 in part 50. Furthermore, if in step S25, means 21 for measuring the position of the working body during feeding, the fact that the drill 4 reaches the Pf position of the end of processing is recorded, the process proceeds to step S26, means 34 for selecting the operating mode sets the feed speed F, corresponding to orosti supply for retraction to the starting position, the drill bit 4 is given to the initial position Ps at a high speed.

In this case, steps S19, S20, as well as steps S22, S23 are the steps of the hole forming process with a periodic output of the drill.

In addition, in steps S15, S21, the position preceding the immediate exit from the part is determined. Thus, the steps of determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part include a step S15 for detecting the work-up layer to be processed, which determines the position preceding the direct exit of the tool from the part when a through hole is formed therein, and the step S21 of detecting a reduction in load torque at which a fact of reduction of the load torque T with a predetermined pace or an even higher pace is detected.

Further, in step 24 of decreasing the feed rate, the feed rate F is reduced to a low feed rate, the value of which is less than the value of the working feed rate when drilling the final machined layer, in step S25 of determining the end position of the processing, the end position Pf in which the drill 4 is outside passed through parts 50 and in which drilling is completed.

The following describes the actions and effects of the foregoing embodiment of the present invention.

In the device 1 for drilling, which forms a hole 70 in the part 50 containing a predetermined number of separate areas 51-56, consisting of materials with different properties, in the process of adjusting the parameters of the spindle motor 7 and the feed motor 8 by means of a control system 15 for detecting means 33 the workpiece layer being processed, two or more workpiece layers 51a-56a of the workpiece are detected, following each other in the drilling direction, based on a change in the load torque T recorded by means 22 for measuring the load torque, and means 31 for determining the moment of processing start, determine the moment of the start of processing, means 34 for choosing the operating mode set the values S1-S6 of the working spindle speed and the values F1-F6 of the working feed speed in accordance with the materials that make up the workpiece layers 51a-56a defined by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer, means 41 for controlling the spindle drive and means 42 for controlling vodom feed carried regulation spindle motor parameter 7 and motor 8 supply than is provided by forming the through holes 70 in two or more processed layers 51a-56a items through drill 4 at a predetermined operating frequency of rotation of the spindle S1-S6 and the target speed F1-F6 cutting feed.

Thus, in a part 50 containing a predetermined number of regions 51-56, based on the measured value of the load torque T on the drill 4, two or more layers to be machined by drilling 51a-56a are automatically recognized, while drilling of the layers to be processed 51a-56a can be performed in the operating mode, due to the properties of each processed layer 51a-56a of the part, the parameters of which are set by the means 34 of the selection of the operating mode. Ultimately, with regard to two or more machined layers 51a-56a of the part in which the hole is formed, there is no need to pre-set the position of each machined layer 51a-56a of the part in the feed direction, and there is no need to periodically change the feed when switching to the next processed part layer 51a-56a, taking into account the thickness of each processed part layer 51a-56a, which, therefore, can be characterized by a simplification of the organization of the drilling process of each processed layer I part with the parameters set by the operating mode, as well as an increase in processing performance drilling.

Means 31 for determining the processing start time of the control system 15 determines the processing start time by recognizing the contact between the part 50 and the tool by changing the load torque T at which the load torque T takes a predetermined value. Thus, in view of the fact that the start time of drilling processing is determined by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer by changing the load torque corresponding to the detection of workpiece layers 51a-56a of the part, there is no need to use special means to determine the start time of the treatment, resulting in a cost price device 1 for drilling can be reduced. In addition, the calculation and adjustment of the distance Ds between the initial position Ps of the drill 4 and the part 50 in the feed direction is not required, and the feed value is not required until the contact between the part 50 and the tool, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

In addition, with regard to the feedrate F of the drill 4, the feedrate when approaching the part, the feedrate when returning to its original position, the feedrate when approaching the part during hole formation with periodic drill output and tool retraction speed during hole formation with periodic the output of the drill is higher than any of the feed speeds for the respective processing layers 51a-56a, which allows to reduce the processing time and increase productivity.

When adjusting the parameters of the drives by the control system 15 of the means 37 for determining the position preceding the direct exit from the part, it is determined that the drill 4 is in the position Ra, preceding the direct exit from the part 50, in the sixth machined layer 56a, which is the final machined layer, the feed rate F decreases compared to the working feed rate for the sixth machined layer 56a, while the drill 4 moves from the position Pa preceding the direct exit from hoist and the inside of the sixth machined layer 56a, to the end position Pf located outside the part 50, which, therefore, can prevent the deterioration of the surface quality of the part, accompanied by the formation of burrs and the like in the final processed layer of the part at the exit 71 of the hole 70 , and which is characterized by improved machining accuracy of the part 50 in which the hole 70 is formed.

When adjusting the parameters of the drives by the control system 15 of the means 37 for determining the position preceding the direct exit from the part, it is recorded that the drill 4 is in position Ra, preceding the direct exit from the part 50, while the final machined layer is determined by means for detecting the workpiece layer of the part and set the fact of a decrease in the load torque T with a predetermined pace or with an even higher pace based on the coefficient itsienta delta T changes the load torque. Thus, in the part 50, containing two or more processed layers 51a-56a, the sixth processed layer 56a, which is the final, is automatically determined by means 33 for detecting the processed layer of the part, and the position Ra of the drill 4, preceding the direct exit from the part in the sixth processed layer 56a , is determined by the fact of registration of the load torque T used to detect the workpiece layers 51a-56a of the workpiece, while there is no need to use special means to determine Proposition Pa prior to the direct output from the parts, which reduces the cost of the device 1 for drilling. In addition, there is no need to set the feed rate to determine the position of Ra, preceding the direct exit from the part, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

If, in a sequential arrangement of pairs of adjacent processing layers 51a and 52a, 52a and 53a, 53a and 54a, 54a and 55a, 55a and 56a, a part in which drilling of the previous and subsequent layers from the number of processed layers 51a-56a of part 50 occurs in turn, when adjusting the parameters of the drives by the control system 15 of the means 36 for determining the state of axial force reduction, it is recorded that the load torque T has reached a predetermined value or an even higher value when drilling the previous image atyvaemogo layer items, in order to reduce the thrust of the drill 4 means 34 for selecting the operating mode is set cutting feed rate to reduce the axial force, whose value is below the value F1-F6 predetermined cutting feed rate for the previous workpiece layer.

Thus, since the feed rate F for the previous machined layer is reduced to the feed speed to reduce the axial force and the axial force of the drill 4 acting on the subsequent machined layer of the workpiece is reduced, deformation of the subsequent machined layer of the workpiece, which can occur under the action of the axial force, is prevented. , and the formation of delaminations (which are objects that degrade the quality of the part) between the previous processed layer of the part and the subsequent processing can also be prevented a removable layer of the part, which is characterized by an improvement in the quality of the part 50 in which the hole 70 is formed.

Means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer of the part and means 37 for determining the position preceding the direct exit of the part, based on the coefficient DT of the change in the load torque expressing the relative change in the load torque T over a certain period of time, respectively, the processed layers 51a-56a are determined parts and the position of Ra, preceding the immediate exit from the part. Thus, in view of the fact that the workpiece layers 51a-56a being processed are determined based on the relative change in the load torque T over a certain period of time, and not on the basis of the absolute value of the load torque T, the highest detection accuracy of the workpiece layers 51a-56a is ensured even in in case of tool wear due to its continuous operation.

Means 41 for controlling the spindle drive control the parameters of the spindle motor 7 with a change in the active speed parameters, while the spindle speed S for the processed layers 51a-56a immediately after being detected by the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer gradually increases or gradually decreases from the set frequency Ss spindle rotation when approaching, which is the spindle rotation frequency S immediately before determining the machined layer, up to a given spindle rotation rates S1 through a predetermined spindle speed in relation to the first processing layer 51a, and from the spindle operating frequency S1-S5 (first to fifth) to the spindle operating speed S2-S6 (second to sixth) in relation to the processed layers 52a-56a details (second to sixth). Similarly, during the drilling process by the means 42 for controlling the feed drive, the parameters of the feed motor 8 are adjusted to change the active speed parameters, the feed rate F for the processed layers 51a-56a immediately after being detected by the means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer gradually increases or gradually decreases from a given speed Fs at approach, which is the feed rate F immediately before determining the processed layer, to a given speed axis F1 of the feedrate through a predetermined feedrate in relation to the first processing layer 51a, and from the feedrate F1-F5 (first to fifth) or from the feedrate to reduce the axial force to the feedrate F2-F6 (second to sixth) in relation to the workpiece layers 52a-56a of the part (second to sixth).

Thus, at the beginning of the drilling process of the corresponding workpiece layer 51a-56a detected by means 33 for detecting the workpiece layer, the spindle speed S and the feed rate F in the workpiece layers 51a-56a reach specified values, which gradually increase or decrease gradually compared with the spindle rotation speed S or the feed rate F corresponding to the moment immediately before the detection of the particular workpiece layers 51a-56a of the workpiece by means 33 for detecting a sample batyvaemogo layer parts, which is characterized by an increase in the accuracy of formation of the holes 70 in the part 50 and improving its quality.

In the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill when feeding the tool for the processed layers 51a-56a, the ratio between the load torque and the duration of processing in the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill and the means for determining the restart of the process of forming a hole with a periodic output of the drill, is preliminarily set into the control system 15, on the basis of a change in the load torque T, a contact between the drill 4 and the part is detected w 50.

Thus, due to the fact that even if it is necessary to form a deep hole part in at least one of the two or more processed layers 51a-56a, this hole is formed with a periodic output of the drill for chip removal, which makes it possible to perform high-precision drilling of part 50, containing areas of a predetermined amount of materials having different properties. In addition, due to the fact that the contact between the part 50 and the tool, accompanied by the resumption of the drilling process, is determined by the load torque T, there is no need to specify the feed until the contact between the part 50 and the drill 4, which is characterized by an increase in productivity.

The storage device of the control system 15 stores such parameters as the sequence of arrangement of the workpiece layers 51a-56a during the formation of the hole 70, the specified spindle speed and the specified feed rate for the corresponding workpiece layers 51a-56a used when starting the drilling machine 2 using the operator panel 17 , while there is no need to periodically set the spindle speed S and feed speed F when switching from one of the processed layers 51a-56a to another, which can become a result of increased productivity.

The following is a description of possible changes to parts of the structure of the above embodiment.

The tool may be a known drilling tool other than drill 4.

Despite the fact that in the above embodiment, the hole 70 is formed in the part 50 containing a predetermined number of processed layers, the hole 70 can be formed in two or more processed areas (or processed layers), the number of which differs from the specified predetermined number. The hole 70 may not be through and may be blind.

The drive control system can provide at least one of the types of movement - rotational or translational - parts 50 or parts 50 and tools. For example, the spindle drive control system can provide the rotational movement of the part 50 rather than the drill 4 installed in the spindle 9a, and when the part 50 is moved using the feed drive control system by means 21 for measuring the position of the working body, the position of the part 50 in the feed direction is recorded when feeding .

Means 22 for measuring the load torque can record the magnitude of the drive signal for adjusting the parameters of at least one of the motors — feed motor 8 or spindle motor 7.

The headstock 5 can be mounted on the support and can move in the feed direction, and the feed motor can be attached to the support and can drive the headstock 5 together with the spindle motor in the feed direction.

The list of materials that make up the part may include various metals and plastics, as well as a variety of composite materials. The non-metallic layer of the part may be made of plastic other than carbon fiber reinforced plastic, and may also be made of a material other than plastic.

As an engine, both an electric motor and a pneumatic motor controlled by compressed air can be used.

A part may contain an object that has special characteristics. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the part 60 may have several regions 61, 62 located in the region of the base material and made of materials whose properties differ from those of the base material, and an outer part in which the outlet 71 of the hole 70 may have a layered structure consisting of three processed layers 61a, 62a, 61b. In this case, the third processing layer 61b is final.

By means of 37 for determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part, the determination of the position of Pa preceding the direct exit of the tool in the direction of supply from the particular machined layer of the part other than the final can be provided. In particular, when the means 21 for measuring the position of the working body are fed, the position Ra preceding the direct exit, which is pre-set using the operator panel 17, is recorded, two or more processed layers of the part 50 include a final processed layer in which the outlet of the hole 70 is formed, and a special the processed layer is different from the final one; the engine control process includes the step of determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part, at which there is a moment when the tool is in the position Ra, preceding the immediate exit from the special machined layer, and the step of reducing the feed rate, at which the working feed speed takes a value corresponding to a low feed speed, which is lower than the value of the working feed speed for the special machined layer of the part, and the system 15 control provides the control of the parameters of the feed motor 8, as a result of which the drill 4 moves with a low speed of the working feed from the position Ra preceding governmental failure of parts in a position located outside the special workpiece layer.

Thus, due to the fact that the feed is carried out at a low speed, the value of which is lower than the value of the working feed rate for a particular machined layer of the part, and the tool moves from the position Ra preceding the direct exit from the special machined layer other than the final machined layer of the part 50, to the moment of exit from the special workpiece layer of the part, deformation of the workpiece layer of the part bordering the special process layer in the feed direction is prevented may occur under the action of the axial force imparted by the tool when moving from the position Ra preceding the immediate exit from the part to the position located outside the special workpiece layer of the part, and the formation of delamination between the special workpiece layer of the part and the workpiece layer bordering it, can be prevented which is characterized by an improvement in the quality of the part 50 in which the hole 70 is formed. In addition, as regards the material itself, from which the special machining the first layer, if the composite material is used, such as fiber reinforced plastics having a layered structure with a plurality of fiber layers, is prevented from occurrence of gaps between contiguous layers of fibrous parts.

The final processing layer of the part may be made of composite material (for example, carbon fiber reinforced plastic). In this case, due to the low value of the feed rate, the formation of scoring on the outer surface of the outlet opening 71, as well as the formation of delaminations in the structure of the composite material can be prevented. Further, as regards the material itself, from which the special processing layer is made, if, for example, fiber-reinforced plastic having a layered structure with many fibrous layers is used as a composite material, then gaps between adjacent to each other fibrous layers of the part are prevented.

The spindle rotation frequency S for the processed layers 52a-56a (second to sixth) when controlled by changing the active speed parameters can take S2-S6 values when drilling the processed layers 52a-56a (second to sixth), respectively, and not be characterized by a gradual increase or gradual decrease.

In addition, the above-described processing method and the processing device also make it possible to form a hole in a part made of one layer of material, with the separation of the treated areas in accordance with the position of the tool in the feed direction.

Description of reference signs

1 drilling device

2 drilling machine

4 drill

7 spindle motor

8 feed motor

15 control system

21 tools for measuring the position of the working body

22 means for measuring the load torque

31 tools for determining when to start processing

33 means for detecting the workpiece layer

34 tools for selecting the operating mode

35 means for implementing the process of forming holes with periodic output of the drill

36 means for determining the state of axial force reduction

37 means for determining the position preceding the immediate exit of the part

50, 60 detail

70 hole

Pf end position

Ra position preceding the immediate exit of the part

S1-S6 preset operating spindle speed

F1-F6 preset feed rate

Ff preset low feedrate

Claims (9)

1. The method of controlling the drilling process of a part by means of a drilling device containing a motor control system that provides relative rotational motion and relative translational movement of the part and the tool forming the hole in the part, the part having a predetermined number of separate areas consisting of materials with different properties comprising adjusting the parameters of the engines through the specified control system, comprising the step of determining the heat the narrow torque at which the load torque on the tool is determined, the step of determining the start time of the processing, at which the start time of processing the part by drilling is determined, the steps of detecting the workpiece layer to be processed, in which two or more are determined based on the moment of the start of processing and the change in load torque areas of the part in the order of their machining by drilling, corresponding to two or more machined layers of the part following each other in the feed direction, which is direction of translational movement, and the stage of selecting the operating mode, which sets the spindle speed of the tool and the feed rate, taking into account the properties of the materials that make up the workable layers of the part, determined at the stages of detection of the workable layer of the part, and form a hole in two or more processed layers of the part through the specified tool. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing start time is determined by the control system at the stage of determining the processing start time by recognizing the contact between the part and the tool by changing the load torque. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole is formed through, passing through two or more processed layers of the part, including the final processed layer in which the output of the hole is formed, the engine control process includes the step of determining the position preceding the direct exit from the part, which determines the moment the tool is in a position preceding its immediate exit from the final machined layer of the part, the step of determining the position of the end of processing, otor determines the position of the end of processing in which the tool leaves the part and in which the drilling process ends, and the step of reducing the feed rate, at which the feed rate is reduced compared to the speed of the working feed during processing of the final layer, while the control system provides control of the engine parameters, in which the tool moves with a low feed rate in the working direction from the position preceding the immediate exit from the part to the end position of the sample work. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the step of determining the position preceding the immediate exit from the part includes the step of detecting the work-up final layer, on which the work-out final layer is detected, and the step of detecting the reduction of the load torque, at which the reduction of the load torque is set moment at a predetermined pace or at a pace even higher compared to it, while the moment of finding the tool is recognized by the control system in the position preceding the immediate exit from the part, to reduce the load torque at a predetermined pace or with an even higher pace in the final processed layer at the stage of determining the position preceding the direct exit from the part. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, when the workpiece layers adjacent to each other are sequentially arranged, in which the previous and subsequent layers are drilled from among the workable layers in turn, the process of adjusting the parameters of the engines includes the step of decreasing the axial force at which the speed feed when processing the subsequent layer of the part corresponding to a reduced axial force, less than the feed speed when processing the previous layer of the part to reduce the axial force of the tool and increasing the load torque to a predetermined value or to an even higher value compared to it during the drilling of the previous workpiece layer. 6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, by means of a control system, at the stage of detecting the workpiece layer, the corresponding workpiece layers are determined based on a comparison of the absolute value of the coefficient of change in load torque, expressing the relative change in load torque T over a period of time, s a predefined value of the coefficient of change of the load torque. 7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when the tool is fed during the formation of the hole with a periodic output of the drill, depending on the characteristics of the layers to be processed, the parts provide the control system with the task of setting the ratio between the load torque and the processing time and detect it using a control system based on changes in the load torque during the formation of the hole with a periodic output of the drill, the contact between the part and the tool. 8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that when controlling the parameters of the engines by means of a control system, the spindle speed or feed rate in the workpiece layers gradually increase or decrease, corresponding to the moment immediately after the workpiece layer is detected at the stage of detecting the workpiece layer of the workpiece compared with the spindle speed or feed rate corresponding to the moment immediately before receiving the corresponding data at the stage of detection of the sample the abutable layer of the part up to a specified value of the spindle speed or a specified value of the feed rate established at the stage of selecting the operating mode. 9. A device for drilling a part, containing a tool for forming holes in the part, motors providing relative rotational motion and relative translational movement of the part and tool, and a control system that provides control of engine parameters, and the part has a predetermined number of separate areas consisting of materials with different properties, and the control system contains load torque measuring instruments that measure load twist the total moment on the tool, means for determining the start time of the processing, which determine the start time of processing the part by drilling, means for detecting the workpiece layer to be processed, which determine, based on the moment of the start of processing and changing the load torque, two or more areas of the part in the order of their processing by drilling, corresponding to two or more workable layers of the part following one after another in the feed direction, which is the direction of translational movement, mode, which set the values of the spindle speed of the tool and the feed rate, taking into account the properties of the materials that make up the workable layers of the part, determined by means of detecting the workpiece layer of the part, and drive controls that adjust the parameters of the motors to provide rotational motion with the spindle speed and translational movement with a feed rate, resulting in the formation of a through hole in two or more processed layers of the part through the specified tool.

Images