RU2568505C1 - Wood painting method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood working industry.

SUBSTANCE: in the middle of wood the hole is made into which by hose the paint is supplied. Wood is impregnated by distillery dreg within 25-30 hours. Repeated processing of wood is performed by distillery dreg, diluted with paint in the ratio 1:1.

EFFECT: wood painting process simplification.

Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry, in particular to methods for producing painted modified wood from various tree species.

There is a method in which the wood is stained with aqueous solutions of chemicals, feeding with solutions of copper and iron sulfate (patent No. 2470770 from 12.27.2012, IPC B27K 5/02, B27K 3/08).

However, the known method is quite complicated, since they are fed with chemicals twice. Wood saturated with chemicals is not safe for long-term use.

There is also a method in which urea is fed for 12-20 hours at a temperature of 20-40 ° C for bright colors, and for dark coloring, heat treatment is carried out up to 100 ° C with an exposure of up to 1 hour, and at the final stage up to 140 ° C and exposure to 4 hours (patent No. 2194613, published December 20, 2012 IPC B27K 5/02, B44D 5/00, D06P 3/60, D06P 5/06).

The known method is time-consuming and expensive because of the duration of operations and the need to change the temperature regime.

The closest technical solution is a method of staining wood, including staining with an aqueous solution of dyes on growing trees, where in the radial direction a hole is drilled to the middle, into which a solution of the desired dye of a given concentration is placed with a hose, placed in containers located next to the object to be painted (patent Japan JP 2005246761, published September 15, 2005).

The disadvantage of the prototype method is the low quality of the painted wood material, especially when painted in the desired colors. In addition, the decorative properties of wood are reduced over a long period. Chemical dyes used in the method are not safe to use. All this reduces the effectiveness of the method.

The technical result is a simplification of the method and an increase in the decorative properties of wood.

The technical solution of the claimed object is that, in contrast to the prototype method, the growing tree is impregnated with post-alcohol bard for 25-30 hours, and the solution is poured into the hole prepared in the radial direction to the core using a hose and a container located next to a painted object, and the wood is re-treated with a post-alcohol bard, diluted with paint in a ratio of 1: 1.

The method is as follows. The post-alcohol distillery stillage is a waste of the alcohol industry. It contains a number of substances useful for a living organism (21-25% protein), nitrogen-free extractive substances - 40-45%, fats - 5-6%, fiber - 13-18%, ash - 7-8 %, starch - 15-18%.

In addition, in the post-alcohol bard, depending on the feedstock (grain, potatoes, etc.), microdoses contain: zinc, nickel, manganese, silver, cobalt, vanadium, iron (in the range of 0.1-0.6 mg / l). All these substances provide high preservation of trees and due to starch high adherence to tissues and uniform distribution throughout the profile.

The method is based on taking into account the structural (anatomical) features of wood tissue, which includes various gestological (structural) elements: dead - vascular segments, vascular tracheids, tracheids, fibrous tracheids, libiform fibers (wood fibers) and living - wood parenchyma cells, cells radiation parenchyma. The first group of elements differs from the second group by more or less strongly lignified (lignified) cell walls. The essence of the method is that it uses highly soluble dyes that selectively act on living and dead elements of wood in an alcohol bard. For example, the dye safranin dyes lignified elements in a bright pink (or bright red) color, and the malachite dye dyes these elements in a bright green color. At the same time, living elements (due to the weak lignification of cell membranes) remain unpainted and therefore clearly stand out among the main elements of wood. Color contrasts between various structural elements, along with their topography (distribution), and preliminary impregnation with post-alcohol bard significantly increase the decorative properties of wood and significantly expand the possibilities of its use as a composite material.

A feature of the proposed method is that the painting is done in a natural setting on a growing (living) tree. To do this, a barrel or other container with a volume of 100-150 l for replenishment is installed next to the tree and another container of the mixture with paint mixed with bard is next.

Example 1. In the trunk of the eastern beech at the level of the chest, a hole is made in the radial direction by an age drill, from which the core of wood is removed. Then, a strong (non-compressible) hose is placed in this hole, the remaining gaps around which are smeared with plasticine. The tree is saturated with post-alcohol bard in the amount of 100-150 l, depending on the volume and type of wood. 20-30 hours after pre-feeding, with a dye solution from another adjacent container mixed with alcohol stillage in a ratio of 1: 1 (50:50 l), a solution of the dye mixture is poured into the wood core with the same hose. Wood treatment with dyes and with preliminary impregnation is carried out in the spring-summer period.

As you know, the root system absorbs water from the soil with mineral salts dissolved in it, which are transported upward through the vessels, tracheids, vascular tracheids, and weaker along the fibrous tracheids. Due to the presence of numerous pores on the side walls of water-conducting elements (collectively forming a pore) throughout the trunk, these solutions can also move in the horizontal direction (from cell to cell), penetrating into different parts of the trunk. The reasons for the movement of post-alcohol stillage along the bore are upward current, root pressure, capillary properties of water-conducting elements, sucking force resulting from the water exchange function (transpiration) of the leaves.

The justification of the selected parameters 1: 1 is explained by the fairly good solubility of the paints in the post-alcohol bard and their rapid penetration into the cells of the tree due to preliminary feeding.

Similarly, the mechanism of movement and distribution of the dye is carried out, mixed not with water, but with bard in the tree trunk.

The proposed method allows to simplify the coloring of wood with the simultaneous disposal of waste from the alcohol industry, to increase the decorative properties of wood and the quality of the product made from it.

Claims (1)

A method of coloring wood, including coloring growing trees by forming a hole in the middle of the tree and supplying dye with a hose, characterized in that they are pre-impregnated with a post-alcohol bard for 25-30 hours, and re-treatment with dyes is carried out with a post-alcohol bard diluted with paint in the ratio 1: 1.